Calycanthus floridus

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64400ef93898c350292486
Scientific name Calycanthus floridus
Authority L.
First published in Syst. Nat. ed. 10 , 2: 1066 (1759)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
Calycanthus floridus is cultivated as an ornamental shrub for gardens and landscapes. Its strongly scented flowers are occasionally processed for potpourri and dried floral arrangements, primarily as a fragrance component. Essential oil has been extracted from fresh flowers and, to a lesser extent, from leaves for analytical study.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
Flowers yield an essential oil (hydrodistillation) that has been chemically profiled; major constituents reported include linalool, (E)-nerolidol, geraniol, benzyl benzoate, and various sesquiterpenes. The oil has been investigated for composition and as a model system in phytochemical studies; it is not a major commercial fragrance raw material, but constituents such as linalool and geraniol are widely used in perfumery and flavor formulations.

Properties relevant to use:
The odor profile is dominated by volatile terpenoids and phenylpropanoids typical of aromatic flowers, which lend a sweet, spicy-floral note suitable for fragrance applications; these compounds also serve as markers in chromatographic studies of aromatic plant volatiles. Standard laboratory protocols for essential oil isolation and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry have been used to characterize the oil. The species is included in reference phytochemical databases and genetic repositories as a model for ornamental fragrance studies.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Beureria florida Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 5 (1891)
Butneria florida Kearney Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 175 (1894)
Calycanthus floridus var. oblongus W.T.Aiton Hortus Kew. 3: 282. 1811
Calycanthus mohrii Small ex Pollard N. Amer. Fl. xxii. 238 (1908).

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English eastern sweetshrub
Arabic فلفل كارولينا
Arabic كاليكنث مزهر
Catalan calicant
Czech sazaník květnatý
Danish carolina-kanelbusk
Upper Sorbian prawy korjeninowc
Japanese クロバナロウバイ
Norwegian Bokmål krydderbusk
Polish kielichowiec wonny
Russian Каликант цветущий
Serbian Каликантус
Swedish kryddbuske
Ukrainian калікант квітний
Chinese 美國蠟梅
Chinese 美国蜡梅

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Calycanthus floridus var. floridus Unknown
Calycanthus floridus var. glaucus (Willd.) Torr. & A.Gray Fl. N. Amer. 1: 475 (1840)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

No distribution data was extracted from POWO/KEW yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000581802
Florida Plant Atlas 3635
Flora of Alabama 1321
Cornell Woody Plants 39
USDA Plants CAFL22
UConn 78
Tropicos 5300004
Flora of Italy 11620
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:42922-2
The Plant List kew-2693995
Missouri Botanical Garden 278791
Open Tree Of Life 890686
NCBI Taxonomy 3429
Nature Serve 2.134420
IPNI 139221-1
iNaturalist 126485
GBIF 3034113
EPPO CALFL
EOL 596919
USDA GRIN 8661
Wikipedia Calycanthus_floridus
CMAUP NPO11583
PFAF Calycanthus floridus

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
The complete chloroplast genome of Chloranthus nervosus Collett ex Hemsl. 1890 (Chloranthaceae) Yao ST, Lu YB, Zhang ZJ, Li C, Wang PF, Qin XM Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 10-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10653614
doi:10.1080/23802359.2023.2278818
PMID:38026494
Pest categorisation of Pochazia shantungensis Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Grégoire J, Malumphy C, Kertesz V, Maiorano A, MacLeod A EFSA J 31-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10617311
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8320
PMID:37915980
Wintersweet (Chimonanthus praecox) toxicity in 5 sheep Knapp C, Van Dyke T, Foster D J Vet Intern Med 19-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10658575
doi:10.1111/jvim.16905
PMID:37855228
Hedycaryol – Central Intermediates in Sesquiterpene Biosynthesis, Part II Xu H, Dickschat JS Chemistry 21-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC9310801
doi:10.1002/chem.202200405
PMID:35239190
Structures, Occurrences and Biosynthesis of 11,12,13-Tri-nor-Sesquiterpenes, an Intriguing Class of Bioactive Metabolites Coca-Ruíz V, Suárez I, Aleu J, Collado IG Plants (Basel) 14-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC8949605
doi:10.3390/plants11060769
PMID:35336651
Effects of Rhododendron removal and prescribed fire on bees and plants in the southern Appalachians Ulyshen M, Elliott K, Scott J, Horn S, Clinton P, Liu N, Miniat CF, Caldwell P, Oishi C, Knoepp J, Bolstad P Ecol Evol 01-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC8888263
doi:10.1002/ece3.8677
PMID:35261754
A Review of the Developmental Processes and Selective Pressures Shaping Aperture Pattern in Angiosperms Albert B, Matamoro-Vidal A, Prieu C, Nadot S, Till-Bottraud I, Ressayre A, Gouyon PH Plants (Basel) 28-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC8840023
doi:10.3390/plants11030357
PMID:35161338
Natural product anticipation through synthesis Hetzler BE, Trauner D, Lawrence AL Nat Rev Chem 14-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC9899497
doi:10.1038/s41570-021-00345-7
PMID:36747591
Comparative Chloroplast Genome Analyses of the Winter-Blooming Eastern Asian Endemic Genus Chimonanthus (Calycanthaceae) With Implications For Its Phylogeny and Diversification Jamal A, Wen J, Ma ZY, Ahmed I, Abdullah, Chen LQ, Nie ZL, Liu XQ Front Genet 30-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC8670589
doi:10.3389/fgene.2021.709996
PMID:34917123
The Compositional Aspects of Edible Flowers as an Emerging Horticultural Product Pires ED Jr, Di Gioia F, Rouphael Y, Ferreira IC, Caleja C, Barros L, Petropoulos SA Molecules 17-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC8619536
doi:10.3390/molecules26226940
PMID:34834031
Dynamic changes in primexine during the tetrad stage of pollen development Wang R, Owen HA, Dobritsa AA Plant Physiol 14-Sep-2021
PMCID:PMC8644823
doi:10.1093/plphys/kiab426
PMID:34890458
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of China Lindera praecox (Lauraceae) and intra-species diversity Yu J, Li Z, Dong H Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 01-Jul-2021
PMCID:PMC8253210
doi:10.1080/23802359.2021.1944829
PMID:34263040
Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Chimonanthus praecox link (Calycanthaceae): an endemic plant species in China Zhou GC, Wang JY, Li W, Zhang M, Meng GQ, Wang HY, Chen X, Wu YH, Wu P, Wang YL Mitochondrial DNA B Resour 05-Oct-2020
PMCID:PMC7782217
doi:10.1080/23802359.2020.1823277
PMID:33458206
Evolutionary directions of single nucleotide substitutions and structural mutations in the chloroplast genomes of the family Calycanthaceae Dong W, Xu C, Wen J, Zhou S BMC Evol Biol 31-Jul-2020
PMCID:PMC7393888
doi:10.1186/s12862-020-01661-0
PMID:32736519
Physical Map of FISH 5S rDNA and (AG3T3)3 Signals Displays Chimonanthus campanulatus R.H. Chang & C.S. Ding Chromosomes, Reproduces its Metaphase Dynamics and Distinguishes Its Chromosomes Luo X, Chen J Genes (Basel) 07-Nov-2019
PMCID:PMC6895986
doi:10.3390/genes10110904
PMID:31703401

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
Protocatechuic Acid 72 Click to see 154.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides
(6R,9R)-3-Oxo-Alpha-Ionol-Beta-D-Glucopyranoside 9820702 Click to see 370.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Acyclic monoterpenoids
Linalool 6549 Click to see 154.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JA02187A025
Linalool, (-)- 443158 Click to see CC(=CCCC(C)(C=C)O)C 154.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JA02187A025
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Bicyclic monoterpenoids
(-)-Camphene 440966 Click to see 136.23 unknown via CMAUP database
(+-)-alpha-Pinene 6654 Click to see 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JA02187A025
(+)-Chrysanthenone 11789373 Click to see 150.22 unknown via CMAUP database
alpha-Pinene, (+)- 82227 Click to see 136.23 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/JA02187A025
Camphor, (-)- 444294 Click to see 152.23 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Saccharolipids
[(2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(5-hydroxy-3-methyl-4-oxochromen-7-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]methyl 4-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)cyclohexene-1-carboxylate 5315626 Click to see 520.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol 222284 Click to see 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9440000336
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 86821 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9440000336
Fucostanol 6743 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CCC4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 416.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9440000336
Sitostanol 241572 Click to see 416.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1039/JR9440000336
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclitols and derivatives / Quinic acids and derivatives
(1R,3R,4S,5R)-3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,4,5-trihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 91492 Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O 354.31 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,3R,4R,5R)-3-[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,4,5-trihydroxy-cyclohexanecarboxylic acid 9476 Click to see C1C(C(C(CC1(C(=O)O)O)OC(=O)C=CC2=CC(=C(C=C2)O)O)O)O 354.31 unknown via CMAUP database
(1S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-Bis[3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyloxy]-1,5-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 153946 Click to see 516.40 unknown via CMAUP database
1,5-O-Trans-Dicaffeoylquinic Acid 6474640 Click to see 516.40 unknown via CMAUP database
methyl (1S,3R,4R,5R)-3,4-bis(((E)-3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl)oxy)-1,5-dihydroxycyclohexane-1-carboxylate 10392218 Click to see 530.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds / Beta-diketones
16,18-Tritriacontanedione 154874 Click to see 492.90 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Benzaldehydes / Hydroxybenzaldehydes
3,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde 8768 Click to see 138.12 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Oxanes
1,8-Cineole 2758 Click to see 154.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolines and derivatives / Aminoquinolines and derivatives
(1S,2S,10R,11R)-21,24-dimethyl-3,12,21,24-tetrazahexacyclo[9.7.3.32,10.01,10.04,9.013,18]tetracosa-4,6,8,13,15,17-hexaene 11035395 Click to see CN1CCC23C4NC5=CC=CC=C5C2(C1NC6=CC=CC=C36)CCN4C 346.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Coumaric acids and derivatives
Methyl Caffeate 689075 Click to see 194.18 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
Caffeic Acid 689043 Click to see 180.16 unknown via CMAUP database
P-Coumaric Acid 637542 Click to see 164.16 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Flavanones
Eriodictyol 440735 Click to see C1C(OC2=CC(=CC(=C2C1=O)O)O)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)O 288.25 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Apigenin 5280443 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 270.24 unknown via CMAUP database
Luteolin 5280445 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O 286.24 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
Luteolin 7-O-glucoside 5280637 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O 448.40 unknown via CMAUP database
Tilianin 5321954 Click to see 446.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 3-O-methylated flavonoids
3'-O-Methyltricetin 11267045 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC(=C1O)O)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O 316.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids
5,7-Dihydroxy-3',4',5'-Trimethoxyflavone 5379265 Click to see 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Acacetin 5280442 Click to see 284.26 unknown via CMAUP database
Diosmetin 5281612 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O 300.26 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
5,7,3'-Trihydroxy-6,4',5'-trimethoxyflavone 5496475 Click to see 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
5,7,4'-Trihydroxy-6,3',5'-trimethoxyflavone 14034284 Click to see 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Jaceidin 5464461 Click to see 360.30 unknown via CMAUP database
Nepetin 5317284 Click to see 316.26 unknown via CMAUP database

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