Phryma leptostachya
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fe741af54f020868177 |
| Scientific name | Phryma leptostachya |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. 2: 601. 1753 [1 May 1753] |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products: Dried aerial parts of Phryma leptostachya are sold as source material for extraction; purified phenylpropanoid glycosides (phrymarin A and phrymarin B) are provided as research‑grade standards; commercial leaf‑extract preparations are marketed as botanical insecticide ingredients.
Industrial and craft applications: Leaf extracts are incorporated into insecticidal and antifeedant formulations for agriculture, especially targeting lepidopteran pests; plant material is used in experimental biopesticide products evaluated under EPA guidelines for botanical pesticides; phrymarins serve as the active constituents in proprietary antifeedant compositions that are protected by patent.
Properties relevant to use: The aerial parts contain phenylpropanoid glycosides (phrymarins) that exhibit potent antifeedant activity against a range of insect larvae; iridoid glycosides present contribute to stability in aqueous and organic solvents, facilitating formulation; the phenolic hydroxyl groups give the compounds antioxidant properties that aid storage stability; phrymarins remain stable at ambient temperature and display moderate solubility in polar solvents, enabling extraction and purification.
Standards and regulation: In the United States, botanical pesticide products containing Phryma extracts must be registered under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and comply with EPA data requirements for botanical active ingredients; quality control of purified phrymarins follows ISO 17034 for reference‑material production and ISO 17025 for analytical‑laboratory competence; international guidelines such as the OECD Series on Pesticides provide testing frameworks for plant‑derived insect control agents.
Sustainability and sourcing: The species occurs in fragmented habitats across the eastern United States and Canada and is listed as a conservation‑concern species in several U.S. states; wild collection is regulated by state harvesting restrictions; over‑harvesting risk has prompted research into cultivation methods for leaf biomass production; sustainable sourcing initiatives recommend limited collection quotas, habitat protection, and development of field cultivation to supply commercial extracts while preserving wild populations.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Leptostachia leptostachya | MacMill. | Metasp. Minnesota Valley : 442 (1893) |
| Phryma media | Raf. | New Fl. 2: 37 (1837) |
| Phryma parvifolia | Raf. | New Fl. 2: 38 (1837) |
| Phryma pubescens | Raf. | New Fl. 2: 38 (1837) |
| Priva mitchellii | Endl. | Cat. Horti Vindob. 2: 47 (1842) |
| Phryma leptostachya var. confertifolia | Fernald | Rhodora 37: 442 (1935) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | american lopseed |
| Japanese | ハエドクソウ |
| Korean | 파리풀 |
| Chinese | 透骨草 |
| Chinese | 北美透骨草 |
| Chinese | 毒蛆草 |
| Chinese | 蠅毒草 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Expose seeds to natural outdoor winter conditions for 3 months, then gradually increase light and temperature in the spring. |
| poor germination |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
No distribution data was extracted from POWO/KEW yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000270319 |
| UNII | 6G287VJM69 |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 3692 |
| Flora of Alabama | 3686 |
| Canadensys | 7155 |
| USDA Plants | PHLE5 |
| Tropicos | 24700001 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:282742-2 |
| The Plant List | kew-153193 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 1087002 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 41401 |
| Nature Serve | 2.137298 |
| IPNI | 864098-1 |
| iNaturalist | 85490 |
| GBIF | 2925445 |
| Freebase | /m/03hfy5c |
| WisFlora | 4487 |
| EPPO | PWHLE |
| EOL | 486247 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 9195 |
| USDA GRIN | 446762 |
| Wikipedia | Phryma_leptostachya |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans | |||||
| [(3S,3aR,6R,6aS)-3-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6-(4-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 162982911 | Click to see | 502.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| [(3S,3aR,6R,6aS)-3,6-bis(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 102206788 | Click to see CC(=O)OC12COC(C1COC2C3=C(C=C4C(=C3OC)OCO4)OC)C5=C(C=C6C(=C5OC)OCO6)OC | 532.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| [(3S,3aR,6R,6aS)-6-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 163068418 | Click to see | 502.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| [(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-3,6-bis(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 163084689 | Click to see | 532.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF048208H |
| [(3S,3aS,6S,6aR)-6-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 163068417 | Click to see | 502.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF048208H |
| [(3S,3aS,6S,6aS)-3-(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-6-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 162866705 | Click to see CC(=O)OC12COC(C1COC2C3=C(C=C4C(=C3OC)OCO4)OC)C5=CC6=C(C=C5OC)OCO6 | 502.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| 2-Demethoxyleptostachyol acetate | 72959063 | Click to see | 502.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/JF048208H |
| Leptostachyol acetate | 5318978 | Click to see | 532.50 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.53.631 https://doi.org/10.1021/JF048208H https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | 64945 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02976939 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxanes / Benzo-1,4-dioxanes | |||||
| Haedoxan | 183654 | Click to see | 654.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| Haedoxan A | 14333747 | Click to see COCC1C(OC2=C(O1)C=C(C(=C2)OC)C3C4COC(C4(CO3)O)OC5=C(C=C6C(=C5OC)OCO6)OC)C7=CC8=C(C=C7)OCO8 | 654.60 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.53.631 https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles | |||||
| (3R,3aS,6S,6aR)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-6-(4-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-ol | 101568894 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| [(3R,3aR,6R,6aS)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-6-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 101821099 | Click to see | 458.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.36.1489 |
| [(3R,3aR,6R,6aS)-6-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-[(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)oxy]-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 12314204 | Click to see | 488.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1972.10860346 https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.36.1489 |
| [(3S,3aR,6R,6aS)-3-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)oxy]-6-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 162987075 | Click to see | 518.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| [3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-6-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 14333744 | Click to see | 458.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.36.1489 |
| [6-(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-3-[(6-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)oxy]-3,4,6,6a-tetrahydro-1H-furo[3,4-c]furan-3a-yl] acetate | 4486240 | Click to see CC(=O)OC12COC(C1COC2OC3=C(C=C4C(=C3)OCO4)OC)C5=CC6=C(C=C5OC)OCO6 | 488.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/00021369.1972.10860346 https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.36.1489 |
| Phrymarolin B | 101568893 | Click to see | 402.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/HLCA.201100311 |
| Phrymarolin I | 442932 | Click to see | 488.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1271/BBB1961.53.631 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |