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Fraxinus pennsylvanica

Fraxinus pennsylvanica - Unknown
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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64402cd385500204052989
Scientific name Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Authority Marshall
First published in Arbust. Amer. : 51 (1785)

Description Top

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Green ash is also used for furniture, flooring, and tool handles due to its strength and durability. It is also a popular wood for smoking meats and is used in the production of baseball bats.

In summary, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, also known as green ash or red ash, is a medium-sized deciduous tree native to eastern and central North America. It has a smooth, gray bark and produces reddish-brown winter buds. The leaves are pinnately compound with serrated margins and turn golden-yellow in the fall. The tree produces inconspicuous flowers in the spring and samara fruit in the summer. It is a dioecious species, meaning male and female flowers are produced on separate trees. Green ash is threatened by the emerald ash borer, a beetle that has spread throughout much of North America and Europe. It is a popular ornamental tree due to its resistance to disease and tolerance of harsh urban conditions. It also provides important habitat and food for wildlife. The wood of green ash is used for various purposes, including furniture, flooring, and tool handles.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Leptalix cinerea Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 32 (1838)
Leptalix elliptica Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 32 (1838)
Leptalix expansa Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 33 (1838)
Leptalix fusca Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 33 (1838)
Leptalix richardii Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 32 (1838)
Leptalix rubicunda Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 32 (1838)
Leptalix rufa Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 33 (1838)
Leptalix ovata Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 32 (1838)
Leptalix lancifolia Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 35 (1838)
Leptalix longifolia Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 32 (1838)
Leptalix media Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 36 (1838)
Leptalix pubescens Raf. New Fl. 2: 93 (1837)
Calycomelia campestris Nieuwl. & Lunell Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 507 (1916)
Calycomelia elliptica Kostel. Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. : 26 (1844)
Calycomelia expansa Kostel. Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. : 26 (1844)
Calycomelia lancea Kostel. Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. : 26 (1844)
Calycomelia lanceolata Lunell Amer. Midl. Naturalist 4: 507 (1916)
Calycomelia ovata Kostel. Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. : 26 (1844)
Calycomelia pennsylvanica Nieuwl. Amer. Midl. Naturalist 3: 186 (1914)
Calycomelia pubescens Kostel. Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. : 26 (1844)
Calycomelia richardii Kostel. Ind. Hort. Bot. Prag. : 26 (1844)
Fraxinus americana var. pennsylvanica (Marshall) Castigl. Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 244. 1790 as pensylvanica
Fraxinus americana subsp. pennsylvanica Wesm. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31(1): 109 (1892)
Fraxinus americana var. pubescens (Lam.) D.J.Browne Trees Amer. 395. 1846
Fraxinus americana var. rubicunda Wesm. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31(1): 110 (1892)
Fraxinus americana var. subpubescens (Pers.) Wesm. Bull. Soc. Roy. Bot. Belgique 31(1): 110 (1892)
Fraxinus arbutifolia hort. ex Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 76 (1889)
Fraxinus aucubifolia (G.Kirchn.) Arbor. Muscav. : 507 (1864)
Fraxinus campestris Britton N. Amer. Trees : 799 (1908)
Fraxinus ceratifolia Hoffmanns. Verz. Pfl.-Kult. , Nachtr. 2: 29 (1828)
Fraxinus cinerea Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 207 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus concolor Muhl. Cat. Pl. Amer. Sept. : 115 (1813)
Fraxinus darlingtonii Britton Man. Fl. N. States : 725 (1901)
Fraxinus elliptica Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 204 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus expansa Willd. Berlin. Baumz. , ed. 2: 150 (1811)
Fraxinus fusca Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 203 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus glabra Thornber Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 53: 207. 1917
Fraxinus juglandifolia var. aucubifolia H.Jaeger Ziergehölze Gärt. Parkanl. 233. 1865
Fraxinus juglandifolia var. subintegerrima Vahl Enum. Pl. Obs. 1: 50 (1804)
Fraxinus lancea Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 209 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus lanceolata Borkh. Theor. Prakt. Handb. Forstbot. 1: 826 (1800)
Fraxinus lanceolata var. lindheimeri Lingelsh. Pflanzenr. , IV, 243(1): 44 (1920)
Fraxinus lanceolata var. macrocarpa Lingelsh. Pflanzenr. IV, 243(1): 44. 1920
Fraxinus lanceolata var. viridis Lingelsh. Pflanzenr. , IV, 243(1): 44 (1920)
Fraxinus lancifolia Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 35 (1838)
Fraxinus longifolia Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 209 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus media Raf. Alsogr. Amer. : 36 (1838)
Fraxinus nigra var. pubescens (Lam.) Castigl. Viagg. Stati Uniti 2: 244 (1790)
Fraxinus oblongocarpa Buckley Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 4 (1862 publ. 1863)
Fraxinus ovalis Willd. Enum. Pl. Hort. Berol. , Suppl.: 69 (1814)
Fraxinus ovata Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 204 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. aucubifolia (H.Jaeger) Rehder Cycl. Amer. Hort. 607 1900
Fraxinus pennsylvanica f. aucubifolia (H.Jaeger) Rehder Bibl. Cult. Trees 558 1949
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. austinii Fernald Rhodora 40: 452 (1938)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. austini-megaphylla Vict. & J.Rousseau Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal 36: 52. 1940
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. campestris (Britton) F.C.Gates Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci. 41: 102 (1938)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica f. colorata B.Boivin Naturaliste Canad. 93: 433 (1966)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica f. erythrocarpa Vict. & J.Rousseau Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal 36: 51 (1940)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. lanceolata Sarg. Silva 6: 51 1894
Fraxinus pennsylvanica f. megaphylla Vict. & J.Rousseau Contr. Inst. Bot. Univ. Montréal 36: 52 (1940)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. ovata (Bosc) K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 256. 1872
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. pubescens Lingelsh. Pflanzenr. , IV, 243(1): 41 (1920)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica f. scotica B.Boivin Naturaliste Canad. 93: 433 (1966)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. subintegerrima (Vahl) Fernald Rhodora 49: 159 (1947)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica subsp. subintegerrima (Vahl) A.E.Murray Kalmia 13: 6 (1983):.
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. viridis C.K.Schneid. Ill. Handb. Laubholzk. 2: 826. 1912
Fraxinus platyphylla Hoffmanns. Verz. Pfl.-Kult. , Nachtr. 2: 29 (1828)
Fraxinus pubescens Lam. Encycl. 2: 548 (1788)
Fraxinus pubescens var. boscii Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 77 (1889)
Fraxinus pubescens var. coriacea Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 76. 1889
Fraxinus pubescens var. lindheimeri Wenz. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 4: 184 (1883)
Fraxinus pubescens var. nana Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 77 (1889)
Fraxinus pubescens var. ovata Dippel Handb. Laubholzk. 1: 76 (1889)
Fraxinus pubescens var. subpubescens (Pers.) Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept. (Pursh) 1: 9. 1813 [Dec 1813]
Fraxinus richardii Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 207 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus rubicunda Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 212 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus rufa Bosc Mém. Cl. Sci. Math. Inst. Natl. France 9(2): 203 (1808 publ. 1811)
Fraxinus smallii Britton N. Amer. Trees : 805 (1908)
Fraxinus subvillosa Bosc ex Pers. Syn. Pl. 2: 604 (1807)
Fraxinus trialata Buckley Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 5 (1862 publ. 1863)
Fraxinus viridis var. pubescens Hitchc. Trans. Acad. Sci. St. Louis 5: 507 (1891)
Fraxinus viridis var. trialata Schelle Handb. Laubholzben. : 408 (1903)
Fraxinus pennsylvanica var. typica Fernald Rhodora 40: 453 (1938)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English downy ash
English green ash
English red ash
English swamp ash
English water ash
Spanish fresno verde
Spanish fresno rojo americano
Arabic مران بنسلفاني
Azerbaijani neştəryarpaq göyrüş
Azerbaijani nеştəryаrpаq göyrüş
Belarusian Ясень пенсільванскі
Bulgarian пенсилвански ясен
chy mótó'e
Czech jasan pensylvánský
German rot-esche
German grün-esche
German grünesche
German pennsylvanische esche
German rotesche
Estonian pensilvaania saar
Persian زبان گنجشک قرمز
Finnish punasaarni
French frêne de pennsylvanie
French frêne rouge
Hebrew מילה פנסילוונית
Croatian pensilvanijski jasen
Upper Sorbian Čerwjena jaseń
Hungarian vörös kőris
Hungarian amerikai kőris
Armenian Հացենի պենսիլվանյան
Icelandic kvekaraaskur
Japanese グリーンアッシュ
Japanese グリーン・アッシュ
Japanese ビロードトネリコ
Kannada geeda mulikegallu
Korean 붉은물푸레
Norwegian Bokmål rødask
Polish jesion pensylwański
Russian Ясень пенсильванский
Swedish rödask
Turkish yeşil dişbudak
Chinese 美國紅梣
Chinese 美国红梣
Chinese 红梣
Chinese 洋白蜡
Chinese 毛白蜡

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Maintain seeds at 20°C for 3 months, then transfer to 4°C for another 3 months.
will germinate after 20 days in 2nd warm cycle

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Central European Russia
      • East European Russia
      • South European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Poland
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Bulgaria
      • Romania
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Ontario
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Kansas
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • Nebraska
      • North Dakota
      • Oklahoma
      • South Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Montana
      • Wyoming
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Delaware
      • District Of Columbia
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • Kentucky
      • Louisiana
      • Maryland
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Utah
    • Western Canada
      • Manitoba
      • Saskatchewan

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000832813
UNII BOG3ZYO036
Florida Plant Atlas 3032
Flora of Alabama 2722
Cornell Woody Plants 100
Canadensys 6730
USDA Plants FRPE
UConn 185
Tropicos 23000144
INPN 98939
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:105864-2
The Plant List kew-370006
Missouri Botanical Garden 282938
PFAF Fraxinus pennsylvanica
Open Tree Of Life 846451
Observations.org 138134
NCBI Taxonomy 56036
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000042114
Nature Serve 2.144657
IUCN Red List 61918934
IPNI 105864-2
iNaturalist 54808
GBIF 3172348
Freebase /m/06f_2f
WisFlora 3648
FEIS plants/tree/frapen
EPPO FRXPE
EOL 579248
Elurikkus 4804
Calflora (Californian flora) 9338
US Library of Congress sh2002008939
USDA GRIN 306
Wikipedia Fraxinus_pennsylvanica

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCA_912172775.2 Fraxinus pennsylvanica genome version 1.5 Chromosome UNIVERSITY OF TENNESSEE- KNOXVILLE 2023-05-17 67.0x 721.73 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Impacts of Invasive Plants on Native Vegetation Communities in Wetland and Stream Mitigation DeBerry DA, Hunter DM Biology (Basel) 18-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11048567
doi:10.3390/biology13040275
PMID:38666887
Experimental investigation of freeze injury temperatures in trees and their contributing factors based on electrical impedance spectroscopy Song X, Gao T, Ai M, Gao S Front Plant Sci 13-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10900768
doi:10.3389/fpls.2024.1326038
PMID:38419778
Conservation of Green and White Ash Germplasm Using the Cryopreservation of Embryogenic Cultures Richins M, Montes C, Merkle S Plants (Basel) 24-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10857041
doi:10.3390/plants13030352
PMID:38337885
Baseline amplicon sequencing data for the ITS2 region in the green honey of Banggi Island, Sabah ullah S, Huda N, Wahab RA, Hamid AA, Nasir MH, Mohamad MA, Ahmad HF, Oyewusi HA, Huyop F Data Brief 09-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10847015
doi:10.1016/j.dib.2024.110044
PMID:38328502
High quality genomes produced from single MinION flow cells clarify polyploid and demographic histories of critically endangered Fraxinus (ash) species Fleck SJ, Tomlin C, da Silva Coelho FA, Richter M, Danielson ES, Backenstose N, Krabbenhoft T, Lindqvist C, Albert VA Commun Biol 06-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10771460
doi:10.1038/s42003-023-05748-4
PMID:38184717
Parasitoid-induced changes in metabolic rate and feeding activity of the emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): implications for biological control Dang YQ, Duan JJ, Li AY Sci Rep 19-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10730522
doi:10.1038/s41598-023-50147-8
PMID:38114572
Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 30 June 2023 Gibin D, Gutierrez Linares A, Fasanelli E, Pasinato L, Delbianco A EFSA J 15-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10722330
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8477
PMID:38107375
Do adult Magicicada (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) feed? Historical perspectives and evidence from molecular gut content analysis Hepler JR, Cooper WR, Cullum JP, Dardick C, Dardick L, Nixon LJ, Pouchnik DJ, Raupp MJ, Shrewsbury P, Leskey TC J Insect Sci 18-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10583540
doi:10.1093/jisesa/iead082
PMID:37850668
Alien eating alien - rapid spread of Aceria fraxiniflora, a non-native gall mite of the invasive green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) in Central-Eastern Europe Korda M, Ripka G, Hradil K, Glavendekic M, Matosevic D, Hrasovec B, Paulin M, Hirka A, Csóka G Exp Appl Acarol 11-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10615922
doi:10.1007/s10493-023-00849-5
PMID:37819594
Transcriptome profiling of Fraxinus excelsior genotypes infested by emerald ash borer Doonan JM, Kosawang C, Eisenring M, Ladd T, Roe AD, Budde KB, Jørgensen HJ, Queloz V, Gossner MM, Nielsen LR Sci Data 05-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10556020
doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02588-z
PMID:37798274
The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ PLoS One 04-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10602594
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:37792900
Long-term impacts of conservation pasture management in manuresheds on system-level microbiome and antibiotic resistance genes Seyoum MM, Ashworth AJ, Feye KM, Ricke SC, Owens PR, Moore PA Jr, Savin M Front Microbiol 29-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10598662
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1227006
PMID:37886073
Chromosome-scale genomes of commercial timber trees (Ochroma pyramidale, Mesua ferrea, and Tectona grandis) Sahu SK, Liu M, Chen Y, Gui J, Fang D, Chen X, Yang T, He C, Cheng L, Yang J, Sahu DN, Li L, Wang H, Mu W, Wei J, Liu J, Zhao Y, Zhang S, Lisby M, Liu X, Xu X, Li L, Wang S, Liu H Sci Data 03-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10400565
doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02420-8
PMID:37537171
Microfungi associated with dying Euphorbia mauritanica in South Africa and their relative pathogenicity Marincowitz S, Pham NQ, Wingfield BD, Roets F, Wingfield MJ Fungal Syst Evol 31-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10976952
doi:10.3114/fuse.2023.12.04
PMID:38550751
Update of the Xylella spp. host plant database – systematic literature search up to 31 December 2022 Gibin D, Pasinato L, Delbianco A EFSA J 13-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10262070
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8061
PMID:37325259

Phytochemical Profile Top

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