Salvia tomentosa
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643febfb51d9e171959909 |
| Scientific name | Salvia tomentosa |
| Authority | Mill. |
| First published in | Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 2 (1768) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Among the Aromanian communities in the Greek–Albanian borderlands, fresh or dried leaves of Salvia tomentosa are prepared as a hot infusion to relieve cold symptoms and as a carminative tea for digestive complaints, as reported by Mattalia et al., 2020. In the central Italian Apennines, locals make a bitter tea of S. tomentosa leaves to settle indigestion and ease cold-related cough, with the plant explicitly listed among traditional teas in Antrodoco and nearby villages by Ghirardini et al., 2001. In southern Turkey’s Mersin region, folk practitioners decoct the leaves to treat tonsillitis and sore throat and occasionally macerate the herb to soften the flavor before infusion, as described in Tuzlacı, 2011.
To illustrate one preparation, a 1:5 ethanol tincture of Salvia tomentosa leaf can be made by finely chopping 20 g of air-dried aerial parts and macerating in 100 mL of 45% ethanol for two weeks, shaking daily. After filtration, a common adult dose ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 mL taken up to three times daily for mild cold or digestive symptoms. Do not exceed two weeks of continuous use unless directed by a qualified clinician; avoid in pregnancy and breastfeeding, and discontinue if allergic reaction occurs.
The bitter taste and reported uses align with well-known constituents: carnosol, carnosic acid, and rosmarinic acid are present in Salvia tomentosa leaves and account for established antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, as documented by Ślusarczyk et al., 2018 and Şarer et al., 2010. Essential oils rich in camphor and 1,8-cineole contribute to mild expectorant effects and are reported for this species by Cambie & Ferguson, 2003.
Modern relevance is growing, with commercial products and ongoing research into extracts, yet traditional tea of S. tomentosa remains a simple daily infusion in several Mediterranean communities, sustaining a living ethnobotanical practice today.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Salvia tomentosa yields an essential oil by steam distillation of aerial parts. Commercial availability is limited and typically batch-specific.
Industrial and craft applications:
The oil is used in fragrance applications, especially in aromatic and fougère-type compositions. Principal constituents (camphor and 1,8-cineole with alpha-pinene and camphene) contribute characteristic coniferous, resinous notes.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
In some regional cuisines, dried leaves are used sparingly as a spice. The flavor profile parallels that of other Salvia species but should be cited to species-level documentation when available; processor selection is batch-specific.
Colorants and tanning:
No documented use as a dye or tannin source is reported for this taxon.
Wood and fiber:
No timber or fiber uses are documented.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
The essential oil is employed in perfumery. Regulatory compliance follows general International Fragrance Association (IFRA) standards and the EU Cosmetic Regulation (1223/2009) for fragrance ingredients.
Properties relevant to use:
The oil is dominated by monoterpenes, notably camphor (often major) and 1,8-cineole, with moderate alpha-pinene and camphene, and typically minor alpha- and beta-thujone. This profile imparts camphoraceous, fresh-aromatic odor notes with high evaporation rate.
Standards and regulation:
Fragrance use must comply with IFRA Standards and country-specific fragrance labeling rules; cosmetics use with the EU Cosmetic Regulation and national counterparts where applicable.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Material is mainly wild-collected. Populations in parts of its range are under pressure, and harvesting can impact habitat. Conservation assessments vary by region; collection should follow regional conservation guidance and established essential-oil quality specifications where applicable.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Salvia brachystemon | Klokov | Fl. RSS Ukr. 9: 653 (1960) |
| Salvia fruticum | Vuk. | Oesterr. Bot. Z. 30: 163 (1880) |
| Salvia grandiflora | Etl. | Salv. : 17 (1777) |
| Salvia major | Garsault | Fig. Pl. Méd. : t. 510 a (1764) |
| Salvia nusairiensis | Post | Bull. Herb. Boissier 1: 406 (1893) |
| Salvia rotundifolia | Vis. | Mem. Reale Ist. Veneto Sci. 1: 42 (1842 publ. 1843) |
| Salvia trigonocalyx | Woronow | Vestn. Tiflissk. Bot. Sada 22: 10 (1912) |
| Salvia officinalis subsp. major | Gams | Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5: 2483 (1927) |
| Salvia grandiflora subsp. rotundifolia | (Vis.) Rech.f. | Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 105: 519 (1943) |
| Salvia officinalis subsp. tomentosa | (Mill.) P.Fourn. | Quatre Fl. France : 835 (1938) |
| Salvia grandiflora subsp. aegaea | (Bornm.) Rech.f. | Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 105: 519 (1943) |
| Salvia grandiflora var. aegaea | Bornm. | Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 48: 618 (1898) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| Arabic | قصعين لبدي |
| Bulgarian | ердоцветен конски босилек |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment. |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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Western Asia
- East Aegean Islands
- Lebanon-Syria
- Turkey
-
Caucasus
-
Europe click to expand
-
Eastern Europe
- Krym
-
Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
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Eastern Europe
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000302487 |
| Tropicos | 17604318 |
| INPN | 120696 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:457406-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-184029 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 807682 |
| Observations.org | 147953 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 1132405 |
| IPNI | 457406-1 |
| iNaturalist | 513838 |
| GBIF | 3885499 |
| EPPO | SALTO |
| Elurikkus | 433484 |
| USDA GRIN | 457368 |
| Wikipedia | Salvia_tomentosa |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes / Branched alkanes | |||||
| 2-Methyldecane | 23415 | Click to see | 156.31 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids | |||||
| (1R,4aS,10aR)-7-Isopropyl-1,4a-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid | 10017708 | Click to see | 300.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50013A022 |
| (3S,4aR,10aS)-1,1-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-3,4,4a,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-phenanthrene-3,6-diol | 162930386 | Click to see | 288.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| 1-Phenanthrenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydro-1,4a-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, [1R-(1alpha,4abeta,10aalpha)]- | 1201531 | Click to see CC(C)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3(CCCC(C3CC2)(C)C(=O)O)C | 300.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| 1,1-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-3,4,4a,9,10,10a-hexahydro-2H-phenanthrene-3,6-diol | 162930385 | Click to see | 288.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| 1,4a-Dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid | 15618 | Click to see CC(C)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)C3(CCCC(C3CC2)(C)C(=O)O)C | 300.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| 6-Hydroxy-1,1,4A-trimethyl-7-(propan-2-YL)-1,2,3,4,4A,9,10,10A-octahydrophenanthren-9-one | 275529 | Click to see | 300.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Carnosic Acid | 65126 | Click to see | 332.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Carnosicacid | 5024746 | Click to see | 332.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| CID 133554352 | 133554352 | Click to see | 346.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Ferruginol | 442027 | Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O | 286.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 |
| Horminone | 2751795 | Click to see | 332.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Salviol | 13966146 | Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CC(CC3(C)C)O)C)O | 302.50 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Sugiol | 94162 | Click to see | 300.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Taxoquinone | 99965 | Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C2=C(C(=O)C1=O)C3(CCCC(C3CC2O)(C)C)C)O | 332.40 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| alpha-PHELLANDRENE | 7460 | Click to see | 136.23 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84802-5 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| 8a-[3-[5-[4-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid | 74081266 | Click to see | 1237.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Diterpene lactones | |||||
| (1R,8S,9S)-3,4,8-trihydroxy-11,11-dimethyl-5-propan-2-yl-16-oxatetracyclo[7.5.2.01,10.02,7]hexadeca-2,4,6-trien-15-one | 455261 | Click to see | 346.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Epirosmanol | 9884612 | Click to see | 346.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| Rosmanol | 13966122 | Click to see | 346.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | 64945 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50013A022 |
| (3R,4aR,6aR,6bS,8aS,11R,12S,12aS,14aR,14bR)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,12,14b-heptamethyl-2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydro-1H-picen-3-ol | 293273 | Click to see | 442.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A014 |
| Alpha-Amyrin | 73170 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 |
| Beta-Amyrin | 73145 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C)C | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A014 |
| epi-Maslinic acid | 25564831 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)O)C | 472.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)85059-6 |
| Maslinic Acid | 73659 | Click to see | 472.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50013A022 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(83)85059-6 |
| Oleanolic Acid | 10494 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50013A022 |
| Uvaol | 92802 | Click to see | 442.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A014 |
| Virgatic acid | 14489125 | Click to see | 470.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cholestane steroids / Cholesterols and derivatives | |||||
| Cholest-4-en-3-one | 91477 | Click to see | 384.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroid lactones / Cardenolides and derivatives / Cardenolide glycosides and derivatives | |||||
| 3-[(3S,5R,8R,9S,10S,13R,14S,16R,17R)-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,5-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-14,16-dihydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-tetradecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]-2H-furan-5-one | 162907719 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2CCC3(C(C2)CCC4C3CCC5(C4(CC(C5C6=CC(=O)OC6)O)O)C)C)O)OC)O | 550.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 |
| beta-Sitosterol 3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside | 296119 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50013A022 |
| Sitogluside | 5742590 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)CO)O)O)O)C)C)C(C)C | 576.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50013A022 |
| Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | 22012 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1080/10575639208048902 |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Monosaccharides / Hexoses | |||||
| D-Glucose | 5793 | Click to see C(C1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50003A002 |
| D(+)-Glucose | 107526 | Click to see C(C(C(C(C(C=O)O)O)O)O)O | 180.16 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50003A002 |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Quinolidines | |||||
| (1R,2S,5R,7S,9S,11R,13S,17R)-5-[[(4aR,5R,7S,8aS)-1-ethyl-7-methyl-3,4,4a,5,6,7,8,8a-octahydro-2H-quinolin-5-yl]methyl]-11,14-dimethyl-6,14-diazatetracyclo[7.6.2.02,7.013,17]heptadecan-2-ol | 162943340 | Click to see | 471.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(98)00471-3 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones | |||||
| Luteolin | 5280445 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O | 286.24 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50003A002 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides | |||||
| Luteolin 7-O-glucoside | 5280637 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50003A002 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 4-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Diosmetin | 5281612 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O | 300.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A014 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Eupatilin | 5273755 | Click to see | 344.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A014 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00415-0 |
| Jaceosidin | 5379096 | Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=CC(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)O | 330.29 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00415-0 https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50003A002 |
| Nepetin | 5317284 | Click to see | 316.26 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50003A002 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids | |||||
| Cirsilineol | 162464 | Click to see | 344.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50017A014 |
| Cirsimaritin | 188323 | Click to see COC1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)OC(=CC2=O)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O)OC | 314.29 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50003A002 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |