Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.

Traditional communities have prepared Premna serratifolia mainly as simple teas and decoctions. In northern Thailand, infusions or “teas” made from fresh or dried leaves are taken for fever and colds, a use that appears in the Thai Pharmacopoeia and local health system monographs (UNIDO, 2006; Chiang Mai University, 2009). In Sri Lanka, leaf and twig infusions are widely drunk for fever and related conditions, as recorded in a 2003 ethnobotanical survey of Sinhalese practices (Senaratna, 2003). Across Indian systems of medicine, the bark is commonly decocted for intermittent fevers, and the leaf infusion has been noted in classical texts and modern compilations (Kirtikar and Basu, 1935; Warrier et al., 1993). On Java, leaves are steeped for colds and fevers and the bark is taken to calm diarrhoea, as documented in Javanese ethnobotanical compendia (Heyne, 1985). Across these regions, the plant part is clearly specified and the preparation is the same: a tea or decoction.

Here is a concise, safe preparation for a mild leaf tea. Use 3 to 5 grams of dried leaves and pour 250 millilitres of almost boiling water over them. Cover and steep for 10 to 15 minutes, then strain. Drink warm in small cups. Typical doses range from 100 to 150 millilitres two or three times daily. Because quality and strength vary, avoid exceeding recommended amounts and do not take with alcoholic beverages while using this preparation. Pregnant or nursing people and children should not use it medicinally without professional advice. These are gentle instructions for short-term use and do not substitute medical care.

The tea’s bitterness and modest activity are plausibly linked to known constituents of Premna serratifolia, including iridoid glycosides such as gardoside and aucubin, phenolic acids like chlorogenic acid, and flavonoids including apigenin, quercetin, and luteolin. These compounds, repeatedly reported in phytochemical surveys of the species, have antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effects that could contribute to the traditional relief of feverish discomfort and gastrointestinal unease.

Modern work focuses on standardization and safety rather than changing how people use the plant. Thai and Indian herbal markets still sell dried leaf and bark for decoction, and recent analytical studies seek to profile iridoids and phenolics for quality control. Together, they point to continued traditional use guided by a growing evidence base.

General Uses Top

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Common products:
- Timber (heartwood light brown to reddish, fine‑grained, density ~0.86 g cm⁻³) used for construction, furniture and cabinetry.
- Fuelwood and charcoal for domestic energy.
- Edible fruit (small drupes about 5–7 mm across, turning black when ripe) consumed fresh or cooked.
- Leaf essential oil (yield about 0.5 % v/w, rich in α‑pinene and β‑caryophyllene) employed as a fragrance raw material.

Industrial and craft applications:
- Structural timber for house frames, poles and fence posts, valued for durability.
- Small‑scale woodcraft such as turning, carving and musical‑instrument parts.
- Wood used for rustic furniture and tool handles owing to its hardness and durability.

Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
- Fresh fruit (sweet and mildly acidic) eaten as snack or added to salads in parts of Southeast Asia.
- Young leaves (6–12 cm long, tender) cooked as a leafy vegetable (boiled or stir‑fried) in regional cuisines.
- Fruit pulp (high sugar content) used as a flavoring in sauces or as a substrate for fermented beverages (no health claims).

Colorants and tanning:
- Bark contains high tannin levels and is employed for leather tanning and as a natural brown dye for protein fibers.

Wood and fiber:
- Dense wood (~0.86 g cm⁻³) with high lignin (~28 % dry weight) and moderate cellulose (~45 %) provides durability for structural use; bark fiber can be split for simple cordage.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Leaf essential oil (major constituents α‑pinene, β‑caryophyllene and linalool) is used in perfumery and cosmetic fragrance; it complies with IFRA guidelines on monoterpene limits.

Properties relevant to use:
- Wood density and hardness are suitable for load‑bearing applications.
- Tannin content enables efficient tanning and contributes to brown coloration.
- Oil composition provides moderate volatility and a pleasant aromatic profile.
- Fruit pulp, high in sugars, is suitable as a fermentation feedstock.

Standards and regulation:
- Timber from Premna serratifolia is graded for structural use under national standards for sawn timber (e.g., ISO‑based requirements).
- Essential oil marketed as fragrance must meet IFRA 49th Amendment monoterpene limits.

Sustainability and sourcing:
- The species is listed as “Least Concern” in the IUCN Red List, reflecting its wide distribution across Southeast Asia and the Pacific.
- Commercial supply is derived from both wild harvest and small‑sized plantations in Vietnam, Thailand and Myanmar.
- Sustainable harvest guidelines recommend selective cutting, a minimum five‑year regeneration interval, and agroforestry intercropping to reduce pressure on natural forests.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Premna abbreviata	Miq.	Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 892 (1858)
Premna acuminatissima	Merr.	Lingnan Sci. J. 6: 284. 1930 [1928 publ. 1930]
Premna angustior	Ridl.	Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 619 (1923)
Premna arborea	Farw.	Druggists' Circ. 63: 50 (1919)
Premna atra	Merr.	Phytologia 2: 5 (1941)
Premna attenuata	R.Br.	Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 512 (1810)
Premna benguetensis	C.B.Rob.	Philipp. J. Sci., C 3: 215 (1908)
Premna benthamiana	Domin	Biblioth. Bot. 22(89): 556 (1928)
Premna borneensis	H.J.Lam	Verben. Malay. Archip. : 117 (1919)
Premna brongersmai	H.J.Lam	Blumea 7: 553 (1954)
Premna capitata	A.Meeuse	Blumea 5: 71 (1942)
Premna ceramensis	Miq.	Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 893 (1858)
Premna congesta	Merr.	Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 232 (1906)
Premna cyclophylla	Miq.	Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 899 (1858)
Premna dallachyana	Benth.	Fl. Austral. 5: 59 (1870)
Premna dentatifolia	Moldenke	Phytologia 5: 85 (1954)
Premna foetida	Reinw. ex Blume	Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. : 816 (1826)
Premna gaudichaudii	Schauer	Prodr. 11: 631 (1847)
Premna glabra	A.Gray ex Maxim.	Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg , sér. 3, 31: 80 (1886)
Premna glandulosa	Merr.	Philipp. J. Sci. 21: 532 (1922)
Premna glycycocca	F.Muell.	Fragm. 3: 36 (1862)
Premna guillauminii var. serrata	Moldenke	Phytologia 21: 253 (1971)
Premna hircina	Wall.	Rep. Calcutta Bot. Gard. to G.A. Bushby : 34 (1840)
Premna integrifolia	Willd.	Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin 4: 187 (1803)
Premna integrifolia	L.	Mant. Pl. 2: 252 (1771)
Premna integrifolia var. angustior	C.B.Clarke	Fl. Brit. India 4: 574 (1885)
Premna kunstleri	King & Gamble	Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 109 (1908)
Premna laevigata	Miq.	Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 895 (1858)
Premna leucostoma	Náves ex Fern.-Vill.	Fl. Filip., ed. 3 , 4(13A): 159 (1880)
Premna leytensis	Merr.	Philipp. J. Sci., C 12: 302 (1917)
Premna limbata	Benth.	Fl. Austral. 5: 59 (1870)
Premna lucidula	Kurz	Forest Fl. Burma 2: 263 (1877)
Premna macrophylla	H.J.Lam	Verben. Malay. Archip. : 148 (1919)
Premna media	R.Br.	Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 512 (1810)
Premna membranifolia	Merr.	Philipp. J. Sci., C 8: 388 (1913)
Premna nauseosa	Blanco	Fl. Filip. : 489 (1837)
Premna nitida	K.Schum.	Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land : 120 (1889)
Premna obtusifolia	R.Br.	Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 512 (1810)
Premna obtusifolia var. gaudichaudii	(Schauer) Moldenke	Phytologia 27: 69 (1973)
Premna obtusifolia var. velutina	Benth.	Fl. Austral. 5: 95 (1870)
Premna opulifolia	Miq.	Fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 898 (1858)
Premna ovata	R.Br.	Prodr. Fl. Nov. Holland. : 512 (1810)
Premna paniculata	H.R.Fletcher	Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1938: 201 (1938)
Premna papuana	Wernham	Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 9: 136 (1916)
Premna parviflora	H.J.Lam	Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg , sér. 3, 3: 41 (1921)
Premna perrottetii	C.B.Clarke	Fl. Brit. India 4: 572 (1885)
Premna populifolia	Miq.	Fl. Ned. Ind., Eerste Bijv. : 570 (1861)
Premna punctulata	C.B.Clarke	Fl. Brit. India 4: 575 (1885)
Premna spinosa	Roxb.	Fl. Ind. ed. 1832 , 3: 77 (1832)
Premna subcordata	Turcz.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 36(II): 216 (1863)
Premna subglabra	Merr.	Philipp. J. Sci. 1(Suppl.): 234 (1906)
Premna sumatrana	Ridl.	Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1926: 77 (1926)
Premna tateana	F.M.Bailey	Bull. Dept. Agric. Queensland 4: 15 (1891)
Premna tiliifolia	Zipp. ex Span.	Linnaea 15: 330 (1841)
Premna timoriana	Decne.	Nouv. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. 3: 402 (1834)
Premna truncata	Turcz.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 34(II): 215 (1862)
Premna woodii	Moldenke	Phytologia 8: 163 (1962)
Premna wrayi	King & Gamble	Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1908: 109 (1908)
Scrophularioides arborea	G.Forst.	Fl. Ins. Austr. : 91 (1786)
Premna integrifolia var. minor	Ridl.	Fl. Malay Penins. 2: 619 (1923)
Premna serratifolia var. minor	(Ridl.) A.Rajendran & P.Daniel	Bull. Bot. Surv. India 38: 44 (1996 publ. 2001)
Premna integrifolia var. obtusifolia	(R.Br.) Pei	Mem. Sci. Soc. China 3: 75 (1932)
Premna corymbosa var. obtusifolia	(R.Br.) H.R.Fletcher	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 19: 178 (1936)
Premna corymbosa var. sambucina	(Wall. ex Schauer) Moldenke	Known Geogr. Distr. Verbenac. Avicenn. 68. 1942
Premna dallachyana var. obtusisepala	Domin	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 133 (1913)
Premna tahitensis var. rimatarensis	F.Br.	Bishop Mus. Bull. Bot. 130: 248. 1935
Premna tahitensis var. rapensis	F.Br.	Bishop Mus. Bull. Bot. 130: 248. 1935
Premna corymbosa var. madagascariensis	Moldenke	Phytologia 3: 122 (1951)
Premna obtusifolia var. madagascariensis	(Moldenke) Moldenke	Phytologia 5: 88 (1954)
Premna obtusifolia var. minor	(Ridl.) Moldenke	Phytologia 5: 88 (1954)
Premna obtusifolia var. pubescens	Moldenke	Phytologia 5: 88 (1954)
Premna obtusifolia var. angustior	(C.B.Clarke) Moldenke	Phytologia 5: 87 (1954)
Cornutia corymbosa	Burm.f.	Fl. Indica : 132 (1768)
Gumira abbreviata	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 507 (1891)
Gumira attenuata	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 507 (1891)
Gumira ceramensis	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 507 (1891)
Gumira cyclophylla	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 507 (1891)
Gumira dallachyana	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 507 (1891)
Gumira divaricata	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 507 (1891)
Gumira domestica	Hassk.	Flora 25(2 Beibl.): 26 (1842)
Gumira foetida	(Reinw. ex Blume) Hassk.	Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. Alt. : 135 (1844)
Gumira integrifolia	Hassk.	Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor. Alt. : 135 (1844)
Gumira laevigata	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 507 (1891)
Gumira limbata	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 508 (1891)
Gumira nauseosa	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 508 (1891)
Gumira nitida	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 508 (1891)
Gumira opulifolia	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 508 (1891)
Gumira punctulata	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 508 (1891)
Gumira truncata	Kuntze	Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 508 (1891)
Premna dallachyana var. typica	Domin	Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: 133 (1913)
Premna divaricata	Wall. ex Schauer	Prodr. 11: 631 (1847)
Premna glandulifera	Merr.	Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 15: 262 (1929)
Premna lamii	Moldenke	Known Geogr. Distr. Verbenac. Avicenn. : 79 (1942)
Premna octonervia	Merr. & F.P.Metcalf	J. Arnold Arbor. 20: 354 (1939)
Premna obtusifolia f. serratifolia	(L.) Moldenke	Phytologia 36: 438 (1977)
Premna obtusifolia var. serratifolia	(L.) Moldenke	Phytologia 28: 403 (1974)
Premna corymbosa	(Burm.f.) Schauer	Prodr. 11: 632 (1847)
Premna integrifolia subsp. dentatolabium	H.J.Lam	Verben. Malay. Archip. : 144 (1919)
Premna integrifolia subsp. truncatolabium	H.J.Lam	Verben. Malay. Archip. : 142 (1919)
Premna corymbosa var. minor	(Ridl.) H.R.Fletcher	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 19: 178 (1936)
Premna sambucina	Wall. ex Schauer	Prodr. 11: 631 (1847)
Premna syringifolia	Zipp. ex H.J.Lam & Bakh.	Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg sér. 3, 3: 37 (1921)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	herbal tree
Arabic	شوجب منشاري الأوراق
Bengali	গনিয়ারি
Bengali	ভেষজ বৃক্ষ
Bengali	মাইছ্যা পাতা
Persian	ساجک برگارهای
Indonesian	buas-buas
Japanese	タイワンウオクサギ
Malayalam	മുഞ്ഞ
mnw	ကောန်ခရာၜဳ၊ တၞံ
Malay	bebuas
pam	tangle
Tamil	பிரெம்னா செர்ராட்டிஃபோலியா
Tonga	volovalo
Vietnamese	vọng cách
Chinese	臭娘子
Chinese	伞序臭黄荆
Chinese	臭八脉木
Chinese	大叶山布惊树
Chinese	八脉臭黄荆
Chinese	八脈臭黃荊

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Tanzania
- South Tropical Africa
  - Mozambique
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Aldabra
  - Chagos Archipelago
  - Comoros
  - Madagascar
  - Mauritius
  - Mozambique Channel Islands
  - Rodrigues
  - Réunion
  - Seychelles

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan
- Eastern Asia
  - Nansei-shoto
  - Taiwan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - India
  - Laccadive Islands
  - Maldives
  - Sri Lanka
- Indo-China
  - Andaman Islands
  - Cambodia
  - Nicobar Nicobar
  - South China Sea
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Borneo
  - Christmas Island
  - Cocos (keeling) Islands
  - Jawa
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Malaya
  - Maluku
  - Philippines
  - Sulawesi
  - Sumatera
- Papuasia
  - Bismarck Archipelago
  - New Guinea
  - Solomon Islands

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - Western Australia

Pacific click to expand
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
  - Marianas
  - Marshall Islands
- South-central Pacific
  - Cook Islands
  - Line Islands
  - Marquesas
  - Pitcairn Islands
  - Society Islands
  - Tuamotu
  - Tubuai Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji
  - Gilbert Islands
  - Nauru
  - New Caledonia
  - Niue
  - Samoa
  - Santa Cruz Island
  - Tonga
  - Tuvalu
  - Vanuatu

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000282838
Tropicos	33702148
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:864354-1
The Plant List	kew-165072
IPNI	864354-1
iNaturalist	736750
GBIF	3896762
EOL	2893597
UNII	U20Y0L500K
Tropicos	33701668
INPN	447679
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:864424-1
The Plant List	kew-165146
Open Tree Of Life	441841
NCBI Taxonomy	336939
IUCN Red List	66295794
IPNI	864424-1
iNaturalist	369642
GBIF	6411486
Freebase	/m/0dlk4tj
USDA GRIN	428208
Wikipedia	Premna_serratifolia
Tropicos	50273023
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:864290-1
The Plant List	kew-164992
Observations.org	453685
IPNI	864290-1
GBIF	3897348
Tropicos	50272824
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:864261-1
The Plant List	kew-164951
IPNI	864261-1
GBIF	3897646
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77245984-1
The Plant List	kew-164926
IPNI	864239-1
GBIF	3897803

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Recent updates on nano-phyto-formulations based therapeutic intervention for cancer treatment

WAHI A, BISHNOI M, RAINA N, SINGH MA, VERMA P, GUPTA PK, KAUR G, TULI HS, GUPTA M

Oncol Res

15-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10767243
doi:	10.32604/or.2023.042228
PMID:	38188681

In Vitro Cytotoxic Effects of Ferruginol Analogues in Sk-MEL28 Human Melanoma Cells

Shao L, González-Cardenete MA, Prieto-Garcia JM

Int J Mol Sci

14-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10671721
doi:	10.3390/ijms242216322
PMID:	38003511

Traditional medical practices for children in five islands from the Society archipelago (French Polynesia)

Chassagne F, Butaud JF, Ho R, Conte E, Hnawia É, Raharivelomanana P

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

18-Oct-2023

PMCID:	PMC10585756
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00617-0
PMID:	37853377

Mapping of traditional healthcare providers and their healing approaches in a tribal community of district Sirohi, Rajasthan

Dwivedi R, Goyal P, Yadav SS, Dwivedi P, Singh P, Singh K

J Family Med Prim Care

30-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10451593
doi:	10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1610_22
PMID:	37636156

HPTLC and GC–MS finger-printing of two potential multifunctional siddha tailams: Mathan and maha megarajanga tailam

Senthilnathan S, Jayaraman S, Priya Veeraraghavan V, Masood Khan J, Ahmed MZ, Ahmad A, Gnanamani A

Saudi J Biol Sci

01-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10276281
doi:	10.1016/j.sjbs.2023.103700
PMID:	37333677

Expansion and adaptive evolution of the WRKY transcription factor family in Avicennia mangrove trees

Feng X, Li G, Wu W, Lyu H, Wang J, Liu C, Zhong C, Shi S, He Z

Mar Life Sci Technol

23-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10232687
doi:	10.1007/s42995-023-00177-y
PMID:	37275537

Important Medicinal and Food Taxa (Orders and Families) in Kenya, Based on Three Quantitative Approaches

Mutie FM, Mbuni YM, Rono PC, Mkala EM, Nzei JM, Phumthum M, Hu GW, Wang QF

Plants (Basel)

02-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10005506
doi:	10.3390/plants12051145
PMID:	36904005

Preclinical evidence of polyherbal formulations on wound healing: A systematic review on research trends and perspectives

Dubey S, Dixit AK

J Ayurveda Integr Med

24-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC9988554
doi:	10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100688
PMID:	36841194

Recent Developments with Icetexane Natural Products

Naeini AA, Ziegelmeier AA, Chain WJ

Chem Biodivers

08-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC11067433
doi:	10.1002/cbdv.202200793
PMID:	36215180

Antimicrobial potentials of natural products against multidrug resistance pathogens: a comprehensive review

Elmaidomy AH, Shady NH, Abdeljawad KM, Elzamkan MB, Helmy HH, Tarshan EA, Adly AN, Hussien YH, Sayed NG, Zayed A, Abdelmohsen UR

RSC Adv

13-Oct-2022

PMCID:	PMC9558262
doi:	10.1039/d2ra04884a
PMID:	36320761

The anti‐Trypanosoma activities of medicinal plants: A systematic review of the literature

Nekoei S, Khamesipour F, Habtemariam S, de Souza W, Mohammadi Pour P, Hosseini SR

Vet Med Sci

29-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9677405
doi:	10.1002/vms3.912
PMID:	36037401

Chemistry, taxonomy and ecology of the potentially chimpanzee-dispersed Vepris teva sp.nov. (Rutaceae) endangered in coastal thicket in the Congo Republic

Langat MK, Kami T, Cheek M

PeerJ

23-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9415428
doi:	10.7717/peerj.13926
PMID:	36032959

Amelioration of aluminum-induced hepatic and nephrotoxicity by Premna odorata extract is mediated by lowering MMP9 and TGF-β gene alterations in Wistar rat

Ahmed WM, Ibrahim MA, Helmy NA, ElKashlan AM, Elmaidomy AH, Zaki AR

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

26-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9522688
doi:	10.1007/s11356-022-20735-8
PMID:	35614356

DNA Barcoding Medicinal Plant Species from Indonesia

Cahyaningsih R, Compton LJ, Rahayu S, Magos Brehm J, Maxted N

Plants (Basel)

21-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9147630
doi:	10.3390/plants11101375
PMID:	35631799

Lost bioscapes: Floristic and arthropod diversity coincident with 12th century Polynesian settlement, Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands

Allen MS, Lewis T, Porch N

PLoS One

30-Mar-2022

PMCID:	PMC8967401
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0265224
PMID:	35353828

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
5,5-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracene-1,2-dione	56924751	Click to see	282.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
9-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-7,8-dihydro-6H-anthracene-1,2-dione	56924750	Click to see CC(C)C1=CC2=CC3=C(CCCC3(C)C)C(=C2C(=O)C1=O)O	298.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Hydroxybenzoic acid derivatives
(4aS,10bR)-4a,9,10-trihydroxy-4,4,10b-trimethyl-8-propan-2-yl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[c]chromen-6-one	56970845	Click to see	334.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Cyclohexylphenols
2-(2-Formyl-1,3,3-trimethylcyclohexyl)-4-hydroxy-5-isopropylbenzaldehyde	73193939	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C(C(=C1)C=O)C2(CCCC(C2C=O)(C)C)C)O	316.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
Secoabietane dialdehyde	15404650	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C(C(=C1)C=O)C2(CCCC(C2C=O)(C)C)C)O	316.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Hydrocarbons / Saturated hydrocarbons / Alkanes / Branched alkanes
2-Methyldecane	23415	Click to see CCCCCCCCC(C)C	156.31	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids
(1R,8R,9R,10S)-11,11-dimethyl-5-propan-2-yl-16-oxatetracyclo[6.6.2.01,10.02,7]hexadeca-2,4,6-triene-3,4,9-triol	56970844	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C3C(C4C2(CCCC4(C)C)CO3)O)O)O	332.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
(2R,4R,4aS,4bR,7R,8aR,10aS)-7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,8,9,10,10a-decahydrophenanthrene-2,4,8a-triol	101778148	Click to see	322.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2010.05.004
(2S,4R,4aR,4bS,7S,10aS)-7-ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-3,4,4b,5,6,8,10,10a-octahydro-2H-phenanthrene-2,4-diol	56970617	Click to see	304.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
(3R,8R)-14,15-dihydroxy-7,7-dimethyl-13-propan-2-yltricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-trien-4-one	162975815	Click to see	316.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
(3R,8R)-14,15-dihydroxy-7,7-dimethyl-13-propan-2-yltricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1(15),9,11,13-tetraen-4-one	56970846	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
(4aS,10aS)-6-methoxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene	484400	Click to see	300.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
(4aS,10R,10aS)-5,6,10-trihydroxy-7-[(2S)-1-hydroxypropan-2-yl]-1,1,4a-trimethyl-3,4,10,10a-tetrahydro-2H-phenanthren-9-one	162960546	Click to see CC(CO)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C(C3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O)O)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2010.05.004
(4bS,5R,8aS)-4b,8,8-trimethyl-2-propan-2-yl-5,6,7,8a,9,10-hexahydrophenanthrene-3,5-diol	56970843	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(C(CCC3(C)C)O)C)O	302.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
(4R,4aS,10aS)-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthren-4-ol	56970842	Click to see	286.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
13beta-Methyl-13-vinylpodocarpa-7-ene-1beta,19-diol	56970840	Click to see	304.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
14-deoxycoleon U	10735190	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C(=C3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O)O)O	330.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
4-Hydroxy-4b,8,8-trimethyl-2-propan-2-yl-5,6,7,8a-tetrahydrophenanthrene-3,9-dione	275527	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
5,6,10-trihydroxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-3,4-dihydro-2H-phenanthren-9-one	85249733	Click to see	330.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
5,6,10-trihydroxy-7-(1-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-1,1,4a-trimethyl-3,4,10,10a-tetrahydro-2H-phenanthren-9-one	162960545	Click to see CC(CO)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C(C3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O)O)O	348.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2010.05.004
6-Hydroxy-1,1,4A-trimethyl-7-(propan-2-YL)-1,2,3,4,4A,9,10,10A-octahydrophenanthren-9-one	275529	Click to see	300.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
6-Hydroxy-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-2,3,4,9,10,10a-hexahydrophenanthrene-1-carboxylic acid	241938	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)C(=O)O)C)O	316.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
6-Hydroxy-5,6-dehydrosugiol	78297419	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
6-Hydroxy-5,6-dehydrosugiol	3009284	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)C(=O)C(=C3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O)O	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
7-Ethenyl-1,1,4a,7-tetramethyl-2,3,4,4b,5,6,8,9,10,10a-decahydrophenanthrene-2,4,8a-triol	163076294	Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(CC(CCC3C2(C(CC1O)O)C)(C)C=C)O)C	322.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOL.2010.05.004
Abieta-9(11),8(14),12-trien-12-ol	521330	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O	286.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
Arucadiol	11011966	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C(=C2C(=C1)C=CC3=C2C(=O)CCC3(C)C)O)O	298.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
Ferruginol	442027	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)O	286.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
Phenanthrene, 1,2,3,4,4a,9,10,10a-octahydro-6-methoxy-1,1,4a-trimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-, (4aS-trans)-	627188	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C=C2C(=C1)CCC3C2(CCCC3(C)C)C)OC	300.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
Sugiol	94162	Click to see	300.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
Taxodione	73588	Click to see	314.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(2R,4aR,4bR,5S,7R,8aR)-7-ethenyl-1,1,4b,7-tetramethyl-3,4,4a,5,6,8,8a,9-octahydro-2H-phenanthrene-2,5-diol	56970841	Click to see	304.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Aromadendrane sesquiterpenoids / 5,10-cycloaromadendrane sesquiterpenoids
4,10-Aromadendranediol	14312736	Click to see CC1(C2C1C3C(CCC3(C)O)C(CC2)(C)O)C	238.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
Aromadendrane-4,10-diol	3411815	Click to see	238.37	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids
(1S,4aS,7R,8aR)-1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,8a-diol	15161397	Click to see	240.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
1,4a-dimethyl-7-propan-2-yl-3,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-2H-naphthalene-1,8a-diol	162880809	Click to see	240.38	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins
8a-[3-[5-[4-[3,4-Dihydroxy-4-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,5-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-3,4-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxycarbonyl-2-hydroxy-6b-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,11,11,14b-pentamethyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid	74081266	Click to see	1237.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones
(4aR,7aS)-7-[[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-4,4a,5,7a-tetrahydro-3H-cyclopenta[c]pyran-1-one	49788109	Click to see C1COC(=O)C2C1CC=C2COC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	330.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Pentacarboxylic acids and derivatives
[4,5-diacetyloxy-2-(acetyloxymethyl)-6-[(4-ethenyl-8-oxo-4,4a,5,6-tetrahydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-3-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl] 2-hydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxybenzoate	162963877	Click to see	944.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Organic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids and derivatives / Tricarboxylic acids and derivatives
[(3aR,4R,5R,9aR,9bS)-5-acetyloxy-6,9-dimethyl-3-methylidene-2,7-dioxo-4,5,9a,9b-tetrahydro-3aH-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] (2R,3R)-2,3-dimethyloxirane-2-carboxylate	162926507	Click to see	416.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Alpha,beta-unsaturated ketones / Enones
Pentadeca-5,7,13-trien-9,11-diyn-4-one	86132489	Click to see	212.29	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzopyrans / 2-benzopyrans
(1S,9R,10R,11R)-9,12,12-trimethyl-6-propan-2-yl-16-oxatetracyclo[7.6.1.01,11.03,8]hexadeca-3(8),4,6-triene-4,5,10-triol	163005026	Click to see CC(C)C1=CC2=C(CC34CCCC(C3C(C2(O4)C)O)(C)C)C(=C1O)O	346.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
(1S,9S)-9,12,12-trimethyl-6-propan-2-yl-16-oxatetracyclo[7.6.1.01,11.03,8]hexadeca-3(8),4,6,10-tetraene-4,5-diol	162867181	Click to see	328.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Coumarans
(5aR,9aR)-4,5a-dihydroxy-6,6,9a-trimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-8,9-dihydro-7H-dibenzofuran-1-carbaldehyde	21728641	Click to see CC(C)C1=C(C2=C(C(=C1)C=O)C3(CCCC(C3(O2)O)(C)C)C)O	318.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
4,5a-dihydroxy-6,6,9a-trimethyl-3-propan-2-yl-8,9-dihydro-7H-dibenzofuran-1-carbaldehyde	73826246	Click to see	318.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/J.TET.2011.11.058
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / 2-arylbenzofuran flavonoids
21-Hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3,3a,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15-dodecahydro-4H-1,16-etheno-5,15-(propanoazenoethanylylidene)furo[3,4-l][1,5,10]triazacyclohexadecin-4-one	194326	Click to see	492.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969705
Aphelandrine	11225639	Click to see	492.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969705
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones
Luteolin	5280445	Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)O)O	286.24	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2007-969705

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Premna serratifolia

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