Thunbergia grandiflora is an evergreen vine in the family Acanthaceae. It is native to China, India, Nepal, Bangladesh, Indochina and Myanmar and widely naturalised elsewhere. Commonly known as Bengal clockvine, Bengal trumpet, blue skyflower, blue thunbergia, blue trumpetvine, clockvine, skyflower and skyvine, it may grow to about 20 metres in height and has a long root system with a deep tap root. The stalked, opposite leaves are quite variable in shape and the blue to mauve flowers are about 8 cm across with a 4 cm long tube that is pale yellow inside. Cultivated as a houseplant in temperate regions, it has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. However, it has become a serious environmental weed in Australia on disturbed land along watercourses and in the wet tropics where it smothers other vegetation.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Pleuremidis grandiflora	Raf.	Fl. Tellur. 4: 67 (1838)
Thunbergia talbotiae	S.Moore	J. Bot. 52: 31 (1914)
Flemingia grandiflora	Roxb. ex Rottler	Neue Schriften Ges. Naturf. Freunde Berlin iv. (1803) 202.
Thunbergia lacei	Gamble	Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1913: 116 (1913)
Thunbergia cordifolia	Nees	Prodr. 11: 55 (1847)
Thunbergia chinensis	Merr.	Philipp. J. Sci. 21: 510 (1922)
Thunbergia adenophora	W.W.Sm.	Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 10: 74 (1917)
Thunbergia grandiflora f. alba	Leonard	Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 31: 679 (1958)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	blue sky flower
English	bengal trumpet vine
English	clockvine
English	blue trumpet vine
English	bengal clock vine
English	bengal trumpet
English	blue sky vine
Arabic	تونبرغية كبيرة الأزهار
Bengali	নীলবনলতা
German	großblütige thunbergia
Finnish	kellosusanna
Japanese	ベンガルヤハズカズラ
Malayalam	തൻബെർജിയ ഗ്രാൻഡിഫ്ലോറ
Nepali	काग चुच्चे
Dutch	grootbloemige thunbergia
Russian	Тунбергия крупноцветковая
Swedish	klockthunbergia
Tamil	துன்பேர்சியா கிராண்டிஃப்ளோரா
Thai	สร้อยอินทนิล
Vietnamese	dây bông xanh
Chinese	黄毛山牵牛
Chinese	通骨消茎叶
Chinese	通骨消根
Chinese	山牵牛(大花山牵牛）
Chinese	大鄧伯花
Chinese	大花老鸦嘴
Chinese	大花山牵牛
Chinese	山牵牛
Chinese	老鸦嘴

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Macaronesia
  - Madeira
- Middle Atlantic Ocean
  - Ascension
- West Tropical Africa
  - Gambia
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Cameroon
  - Gabon
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Comoros
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion

Asia-temperate click to expand
- China
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Hainan

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - East Himalaya
  - Nepal
  - Sri Lanka
- Indo-China
  - Cambodia
  - Laos
  - Myanmar
  - Thailand
  - Vietnam
- Malesia
  - Malaya

Northern America click to expand
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Florida

Pacific click to expand
- North-central Pacific
  - Hawaii
- Northwestern Pacific
  - Caroline Islands
  - Marianas
- South-central Pacific
  - Cook Islands
  - Society Islands
- Southwestern Pacific
  - Fiji

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Trinidad-Tobago
  - Venezuelan Antilles
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Belize
  - Costa Rica
  - El Salvador
  - Guatemala
  - Panamá
- Southern South America
  - Paraguay
- Western South America
  - Ecuador

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000410024
Florida Plant Atlas	183
USDA Plants	THGR3
Tropicos	100139
INPN	446881
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:117460-3
The Plant List	kew-2436154
Missouri Botanical Garden	275279
Open Tree Of Life	823611
NCBI Taxonomy	504049
Nature Serve	2.131274
IPNI	117460-3
iNaturalist	129036
GBIF	5415456
Freebase	/m/0pdnd2t
EPPO	THNGR
EOL	596711
USDA GRIN	36606
Wikipedia	Thunbergia_grandiflora
CMAUP	NPO27660

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Antibacterial and antioxidant potential analysis of Verbascum sinaiticum leaf extract and its synthesized silver nanoparticles

Geyesa JM, Esho TB, Legesse BA, Wotango AS

Heliyon

11-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10803913
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24215
PMID:	38268826

Ethnobotanical study on edible flowers in Xishuangbanna, China

Zhang Q, Cheng Z, Fan Y, Zhang D, Wang M, Zhang J, Sommano S, Wu X, Long C

J Ethnobiol Ethnomed

30-Sep-2023

PMCID:	PMC10542681
doi:	10.1186/s13002-023-00608-1
PMID:	37777741

Differential impact of liana colonization on the leaf functional traits of co-occurring deciduous and evergreen trees in a tropical dry scrub forest

Pandi V, Babu KN, Dar AA

J Plant Res

31-May-2023

PMCID:	PMC10421778
doi:	10.1007/s10265-023-01474-4
PMID:	37256414

Metabolomic profile, anti-trypanosomal potential and molecular docking studies of Thunbergia grandifolia

El-Nashar HA, Sayed AM, El-Sherief HA, Rateb ME, Akil L, Khadra I, Majrashi TA, Al-Rashood ST, Binjubair FA, El Hassab MA, Eldehna WM, Abdelmohsen UR, Mostafa NM

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem

20-Apr-2023

PMCID:	PMC10120545
doi:	10.1080/14756366.2023.2199950
PMID:	37080775

Plant-Derived Compounds and Extracts as Modulators of Plasmin Activity—A Review

Kolodziejczyk-Czepas J, Czepas J

Molecules

09-Feb-2023

PMCID:	PMC9965408
doi:	10.3390/molecules28041677
PMID:	36838662

Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas

Yang SZ, Chen PH, Chen JJ

Bot Stud

24-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9509506
doi:	10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
PMID:	36153445

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles for Preparation of Gelatin Films with Antimicrobial Activity

Pérez-Marroquín XA, Aguirre-Cruz G, Campos-Lozada G, Callejas-Quijada G, León-López A, Campos-Montiel RG, García-Hernández L, Méndez-Albores A, Vázquez-Durán A, Aguirre-Álvarez G

Polymers (Basel)

24-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9460488
doi:	10.3390/polym14173453
PMID:	36080528

Light-emitting diode (LED)-directed green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and evaluation of their multifaceted clinical and biological activities

Anjum S, Chaudhary R, Khan AK, Hashim M, Anjum I, Hano C, Abbasi BH

RSC Adv

10-Aug-2022

PMCID:	PMC9364226
doi:	10.1039/d2ra03503k
PMID:	36043104

Divergent evolution of extreme production of variant plant monounsaturated fatty acids

Gan L, Park K, Chai J, Updike EM, Kim H, Voshall A, Behera S, Yu XH, Cai Y, Zhang C, Wilson MA, Mower JP, Moriyama EN, Zhang C, Kaewsuwan S, Liu Q, Shanklin J, Cahoon EB

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

22-Jul-2022

PMCID:	PMC9335243
doi:	10.1073/pnas.2201160119
PMID:	35867834

Commodity risk assessment of Acer palmatum plants grafted on Acer davidii from China

Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Battisti A, Mas H, Rigling D, Faccoli M, Iacopetti G, Mikulová A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Stergulc F, Gonthier P

EFSA J

12-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9096882
doi:	10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7298
PMID:	35592020

Comparative Leaf Anatomy and Micromorphology of Thunbergia erecta (Benth.) T. Anderson and Thunbergia laurifolia Lindl. in Peninsular Malaysia

Zakaria SM, Amri CN, Talip N, Juhari AA, Rahman MR, Zohari AF, Ghazalli MN, Siam NA, Shahari R

Trop Life Sci Res

31-Mar-2022

PMCID:	PMC9128654
doi:	10.21315/tlsr2022.33.1.7
PMID:	35651647

Anti-Inflammatory Medicinal Plants of Bangladesh—A Pharmacological Evaluation

Akhtar MA

Front Pharmacol

24-Mar-2022

PMCID:	PMC8987533
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2022.809324
PMID:	35401207

Efficient micropropagation of Thunbergia coccinea Wall. and genetic homogeneity assessment through RAPD and ISSR markers

Sultana KW, Das S, Chandra I, Roy A

Sci Rep

31-Jan-2022

PMCID:	PMC8803877
doi:	10.1038/s41598-022-05787-7
PMID:	35102225

CAM photosynthesis: the acid test

Winter K, Smith JA

New Phytol

05-Nov-2021

PMCID:	PMC9298356
doi:	10.1111/nph.17790
PMID:	34637529

Anticholinesterase Activity of Eight Medicinal Plant Species: In Vitro and In Silico Studies in the Search for Therapeutic Agents against Alzheimer's Disease

Uddin MJ, Russo D, Rahman MM, Uddin SB, Halim MA, Zidorn C, Milella L

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med

25-Jun-2021

PMCID:	PMC8260289
doi:	10.1155/2021/9995614
PMID:	34257698

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Alkaloids and derivatives
Trigonelline	5570	Click to see C[N+]1=CC=CC(=C1)C(=O)[O-]	137.14	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(88)87029-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Kaurane diterpenoids
Grandifloric acid	159930	Click to see CC12CCCC(C1CCC34C2CCC(C3)C(=C)C4O)(C)C(=O)O	318.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Iridoid O-glycosides
(1S,4aR,7S,7aS)-1-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-7-carboxylic acid	101202242	Click to see C1CC(C2C1C=COC2OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)O	346.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
(2R,3S,5S)-2-[[(1S,6S,7S)-6-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162909632	Click to see C1C2C=COC(C2C(C1O)CO)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	348.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(1S,4aR,6S,7S,7aS)-6-hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	101664502	Click to see C1C2C=COC(C2C(C1O)CO)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	348.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
1-[3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-7-carboxylic acid	20979870	Click to see C1CC(C2C1C=COC2OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)C(=O)O	346.33	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
2-[[6-Hydroxy-7-(hydroxymethyl)-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162909631	Click to see C1C2C=COC(C2C(C1O)CO)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O	348.34	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
Celastrol	122724	Click to see CC1=C(C(=O)C=C2C1=CC=C3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C(=O)O)C)C)C)C)O	450.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
Epifriedelanol	119242	Click to see CC1C(CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C)C)O	428.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Friedelin	91472	Click to see CC1C(=O)CCC2C1(CCC3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C)C)C)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	via CMAUP database
Pristimerin	159516	Click to see CC1=C(C(=O)C=C2C1=CC=C3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(CC5)(C)C(=O)OC)C)C)C)C)O	464.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Hydroxysteroids / 3-hydroxysteroids
Netzahualcoyene	21636463	Click to see CC1=C2C3=CC=C4C(=C(C(=O)C=C4C3(CCC2(C5CC(CCC5(C1)C)(C)C(=O)OC)C)C)O)C	462.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Cyclic alcohols and derivatives
Tingenin B	73147	Click to see CC1CC2C(CCC3(C2(CCC4(C3=CC=C5C4=CC(=O)C(=C5C)O)C)C)C)(C(C1=O)O)C	436.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
(2R,3S,5S)-2-[[(1S,5R,7S)-5,7-dihydroxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162952346	Click to see C1C(C2C=COC(C2C1O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	334.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
(2R,3S,5S)-2-[[(2S,4R,5R,7S)-5-hydroxy-3,8-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-9-en-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162950849	Click to see C1=COC(C2C1C3C(C2O)O3)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(1R,2S,4R,5R,6S,7S)-5-hydroxy-3,8-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-9-en-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162950848	Click to see C1=COC(C2C1C3C(C2O)O3)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(1S,4aR,5R,7S,7aR)-5,7-dihydroxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162952344	Click to see C1C(C2C=COC(C2C1O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	334.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(1S,4aR,5R,7S,7aS)-5,7-dihydroxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	101664501	Click to see C1C(C2C=COC(C2C1O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	334.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[[(2S,4R,5R,7S)-5-hydroxy-3,8-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-9-en-7-yl]oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	101991018	Click to see C1=COC(C2C1C3C(C2O)O3)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
2-[(5-Hydroxy-3,8-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-9-en-7-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162950847	Click to see C1=COC(C2C1C3C(C2O)O3)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
2-[(5-Hydroxy-3,9-dioxatricyclo[4.4.0.02,4]dec-7-en-10-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	12444598	Click to see C1=COC(C2C1C(C3C2O3)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
2-[(5,7-Dihydroxy-1,4a,5,6,7,7a-hexahydrocyclopenta[c]pyran-1-yl)oxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol	162952343	Click to see C1C(C2C=COC(C2C1O)OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O)O	334.32	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
Unedoside	102120031	Click to see C1=COC(C2C1C(C3C2O3)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O	332.30	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(96)00071-4
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Acyloins
20alpha-Hydroxytingenone	10717799	Click to see CC1=C(C(=O)C=C2C1=CC=C3C2(CCC4(C3(CCC5(C4CC(C(=O)C5)(C)O)C)C)C)C)O	436.60	unknown	via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Cyclic ketones
Tingenone	101520	Click to see CC1CC2C(CCC3(C2(CCC4(C3=CC=C5C4=CC(=O)C(=C5C)O)C)C)C)(CC1=O)C	420.60	unknown	via CMAUP database

Biological Material Top

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Thunbergia grandiflora

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top