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Galium boreale

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64403c3e9a591847884644
Scientific name Galium boreale
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 108 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Aparine borealis Hill Herb. Brit. 2: 151 (1770)
Rubia borealis Baill. Hist. Pl. 7: 374 (1880)
Trichogalium boreale Foure. Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon , n.s., 16: 396 (1868)
Galium boreale subsp. ussuriense (Pobed.) Vorosch. Florist. Issl. Razn. Raionakh SSSR : 192 (1985)
Galium boreale f. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) B.Boivin Naturaliste Canad. 93: 433 (1966)
Galium boreale var. linearifolium Rydb. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 1: 375 (1900)
Galium boreale var. roseum N.Coleman Cat. Fl. Pl. S. Pen. Michigan : 18 (1874)
Galium boreale subsp. septentrionale (Roem. & Schult.) H.Hara J. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo, Sect. 3, Bot. 6: 378 (1956)
Galium septentrionale var. glabrum Urschler Phyton (Horn) 6: 53 (1955)
Galium septentrionale var. incurvatum Urschler Phyton (Horn) 6: 52 (1955)
Galium boreale var. hirsutum Serg. Trudy Biol. Nauchno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 65 (1936)
Galium auriense Pourr. ex Willk. & Lange Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2: 310 (1868)
Galium boreale var. angustifolium (Freyn) Cufod. Oesterr. Bot. Z. 89: 226 1940
Galium boreale var. ciliatum Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 15: 340. 1939
Galium boreale var. diffusum (Schrad. ex Link) Rchb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. 208. 1831
Galium boreale var. hispidulum Spenn. Fl. Friburg. 465. 1825
Galium boreale var. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) Serg. Trudy Biol. Naucno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 64. 1936
Galium boreale subsp. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) Soják Čas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Přír. 148(2): 77. 1980 [1979 publ. 1980]
Galium boreale subsp. incurvatum (Urschl.) Soják Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 148: 77 (1979 publ. 1980)
Galium boreale var. intermedium Serg. Trudy Biol. Naucno-Issl. Inst. Tomsk. Gosud. Univ. 2: 64 (-65). 1936
Galium boreale var. kamtschaticum (Maxim.) Nakai Bot. Mag. (Tokyo) 23: 103 1909
Galium boreale f. kamtschaticum Maxim. Prim. Fl. Amur. 141 1859
Galium boreale var. koreanum Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 15: 340. 1939
Galium boreale var. lanceolatum Nakai J. Jap. Bot. 15: 341. 1939
Galium boreale var. lancilimbum W.C.Chen Acta Phytotax. Sin. 28: 302 (1990)
Galium boreale var. leiocarpum Meyen Chloris Han. 366. 1836
Galium boreale subsp. linearifolium (Rydb.) Soják Cas. Nár. Mus., Odd. Prír. 150: 138 (1981 publ. 1982)
Galium boreale var. pseudorubioides Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 280 1866
Galium boreale subsp. pseudorubioides (Schur) Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 17: 125 (1971 publ. 1972)
Galium boreale var. scabrum DC. Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 4: 601. 1830
Galium boreale var. vogesiacum (F.Gérard) Rouy Fl. France 8: 10. 1903
Galium hyssopifolium Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. 3: 71 (1800)
Galium mesocarpon Kern. Sched. Fl. Exs. Austro-Hung. 6: 67 (1893)
Galium nervosum Lam. Fl. Franç. 3: 378 (1779)
Galium orbibracteatum Chaub. Fl. Agen. : 66 (1821)
Galium rubioides var. angustifolium Freyn Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 341. 1895
Galium rubioides var. hyssopifolium Pers. Syn. Pl. 1: 125. 1805
Galium rubioides var. latifolium Freyn Oesterr. Bot. Z. 45: 342. 1895
Galium schilkense Popov Fl. Centr. Sibiri 2: 685 (1959)
Galium septentrionale Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 3: 253 (1818)
Galium strictum Torr. Cat. Pl. New York : 23 (1819)
Galium ussuriense Pobed. Fl. URSS 23: 716 (1958)
Galium utahense Eastw. Leafl. W. Bot. 1: 55 (1933)
Galium vogesiacum F.Gerard Scrin. Fl. Select. 13: 323 (1894)
Galium boreale var. leiocarpum Nakai
Galium boreale subsp. intermedium (DC.) Soják Čas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Přír. 150(3-4): 138. 1982 [1981 publ. 1982]
Galium boreale var. elatius Gaudin Fl. Helv. 1: 415. 1828
Galium boreale var. nudum Klett & Richt. Fl. Leipzig 149. 1830
Galium boreale var. glabrum Q.H.Liu Fl. Hubeiensis 3: 637 (2002)
Galium boreale var. latifolium Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 18: 315 (1845)
Galium boreale f. latifolium Maxim. Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 141 (1859)
Galium diffusum Schrad. ex Link Enum. Hort. Berol. Alt. 1: 134 (1821)
Galium rubioides Willd. ex Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 2: 411 (1844)
Galium trinerve Moench Methodus : 486 (1794)
Galium trinervium Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 12 (1782)
Galium boreale var. septentrionale (Roem. & Schult.) Kliphuis Proc. Kon. Ned. Akad. Wetensch. C 76: 459 (1973)
Galium boreale var. vulgare Turcz. Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 18: 315 (1845)
Galium boreale var. genuinum Gren. Fl. France Corse 2: 17 (1850)
Galium boreale f. humidiusculum C.G.Westerl. Bot. Not. 1906: 5 (1906)
Galium boreale subf. hirto-scabrum C.G.Westerl. Bot. Not. 1906: 5 (1906)
Galium boreale f. genuinum Maxim. Mém. Acad. Imp. Sci. St.-Pétersbourg Divers Savans 9: 141 (1859)
Galium boreale var. glabrum Spenn. Fl. Friburg. : 465 (1825)
Galium boreale var. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) DC. Prodr. 4: 600 (1830)
Galium boreale subsp. hyssopifolium (Hoffm.) Schübl. & G.Martens Fl. Würtemberg : 100 (1834)
Galium boreale var. intermedium DC. Prodr. 4: 601 (1830)
Galium boreale var. typicum Rouy Fl. France 8: 9 (1903)
Galium boreale var. glabrum St.-Lag. Étude Fl. , éd. 8, 2: 387 (1889)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English northern bedstraw
Azerbaijani Şimal qatıqotu
azb شیمال قاتیق اوْتو
Belarusian маруна паўночная
Belarusian сцярдзюшка
Belarusian марэна руская
Belarusian лесавая разяда
Bulgarian северно еньовче
Czech svízel severní
Welsh briwydd y gogledd
Danish trenervet snerre
German nordisches labkraut
Estonian värvmadar
Finnish ahomatara
French gaillet boreal
French gaillet boréal
Upper Sorbian sewjerny sydrik
Icelandic krossmaðra
Korean 긴잎갈퀴
Lithuanian Šiaurinis lipikas
Latvian ziemeļu madara
Norwegian Bokmål kvitmaure
Dutch noords walstro
Polish przytulia północna
Russian Подмаренник северный
Russian Подмаренник бореальный
se vilgesmáđir
se gieddemáđir
smn vielgismääđir
sms viõʹlǧǧesmääđar
Swedish vitmåra
Ukrainian Підмаренник північний
Chinese 砧草
Chinese 北方拉拉藤

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • Caucasus
      • Transcaucasus
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China South-central
      • Inner Mongolia
      • Manchuria
      • Qinghai
      • Tibet
      • Xinjiang
    • Eastern Asia
      • Japan
      • Korea
    • Mongolia
      • Mongolia
    • Russian Far East
      • Amur
      • Kamchatka
      • Khabarovsk
      • Magadan
      • Primorye
    • Siberia
      • Altay
      • West Siberia
    • Western Asia
      • Afghanistan
      • Iran
      • Turkey
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Baltic States
      • Belarus
      • Central European Russia
      • East European Russia
      • North European Russia
      • Northwest European Russia
      • South European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Netherlands
      • Poland
      • Switzerland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • Great Britain
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Norway
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Bulgaria
      • Italy
      • Romania
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Ontario
      • Québec
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • Nebraska
      • North Dakota
      • South Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Idaho
      • Montana
      • Oregon
      • Washington
      • Wyoming
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Delaware
      • Kentucky
      • Maryland
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona
      • California
      • Nevada
      • Utah
    • Subarctic America
      • Alaska
      • Greenland
      • Yukon
    • Western Canada
      • Alberta
      • British Columbia
      • Saskatchewan

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000968464
UNII 84IRY3X5VJ
Canadensys 8998
USDA Plants GABO2
Tropicos 27900078
INPN 99390
Flora of Italy 4118
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:749626-1
The Plant List kew-85836
Missouri Botanical Garden 286665
PFAF Galium boreale
Open Tree Of Life 598861
Observations.org 2528
NCBI Taxonomy 35896
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000004307
Nature Serve 2.144847
IPNI 749626-1
iNaturalist 77188
GBIF 2914338
Freebase /m/02vt_64
WisFlora 3664
EPPO GALBO
EOL 1104424
Elurikkus 4836
Calflora (Californian flora) 9975
USDA GRIN 103277
Wikipedia Galium_boreale
Plantarium 16945

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Below is displayed the reference genome only!
If you wish to browse all genomes for this plant click here.
Accession Assembly
Name Level Submitter Released Coverage Size
GCA_977964095.1 daGalBore1.hap1.1 Chromosome WELLCOME SANGER INSTITUTE 2026-01-31 60 467.53 Mb

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Genetic and Environmental Factors Affecting Seed Germination Šerá B, Hnilička F Plants (Basel) 08-Dec-2023
PMCID:PMC10748122
doi:10.3390/plants12244106
PMID:38140433
The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ PLoS One 04-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10602594
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:37792900
Comparing Non-Thermal Plasma and Cold Stratification: Which Pre-Sowing Treatment Benefits Wild Plant Emergence? Gudyniene V, Juzenas S, Stukonis V, Mildaziene V, Ivankov A, Norkeviciene E Plants (Basel) 10-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10534388
doi:10.3390/plants12183220
PMID:37765384
High-resolution ecosystem changes pacing the millennial climate variability at the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in NE-Italy Badino F, Pini R, Ravazzi C, Chytrý M, Bertuletti P, Bortolini E, Dudová L, Peresani M, Romandini M, Benazzi S Sci Rep 01-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10394073
doi:10.1038/s41598-023-38081-1
PMID:37528143
Soil warming duration and magnitude affect the dynamics of fine roots and rhizomes and associated C and N pools in subarctic grasslands Bhattarai B, Sigurdsson BD, Sigurdsson P, Leblans N, Janssens I, Meynzer W, Devarajan AK, Truu J, Truu M, Ostonen I Ann Bot 20-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10583211
doi:10.1093/aob/mcad102
PMID:37471454
Edge Effects in the Distribution of Coleoptera in the Forests of the Center of the European Part of Russia Ruchin AB, Egorov LV, Khapugin AA Insects 10-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10144564
doi:10.3390/insects14040371
PMID:37103186
Invasive Species Change Plant Community Composition of Preserved Prairie Pothole Wetlands Jones SA, DeKeyser ES, Dixon C, Kobiela B Plants (Basel) 11-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10053930
doi:10.3390/plants12061281
PMID:36986968
Phytogeographic Characteristics of Montane Coniferous Forests of the Central Balkan Peninsula (SE Europe) Ilić T, Kuzmanović N, Vukojičić S, Lakušić D Plants (Basel) 22-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9741231
doi:10.3390/plants11233194
PMID:36501234
Scrub encroachment promotes biodiversity in temperate European wetlands under eutrophic conditions Brunbjerg AK, Fløjgaard C, Frøslev TG, Andersen DK, Bruun HH, Dalby L, Goldberg I, Lehmann LJ, Moeslund JE, Ejrnæs R Ecol Evol 01-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9627074
doi:10.1002/ece3.9445
PMID:36340817
The Appeal of Ethnobotanical Folklore Records: Medicinal Plant Use in Setomaa, Räpina and Vastseliina Parishes, Estonia (1888–1996) Sõukand R, Kalle R Plants (Basel) 13-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9611039
doi:10.3390/plants11202698
PMID:36297723
Forb composition gradients and intra‐annual variation in a threatened Pacific Northwest Bunchgrass Prairie Averett JP, Endress BA Ecol Evol 22-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9217882
doi:10.1002/ece3.9021
PMID:35784076
Diverse in Local, Overlapping in Official Medical Botany: Critical Analysis of Medicinal Plant Records from the Historic Regions of Livonia and Courland in Northeast Europe, 1829–1895 Prakofjewa J, Anegg M, Kalle R, Simanova A, Prūse B, Pieroni A, Sõukand R Plants (Basel) 13-Apr-2022
PMCID:PMC9032843
doi:10.3390/plants11081065
PMID:35448792
Vascular Plants Flora of Mire Ecosystem of the Bolshoy Shantar Island (the Far East of Russia) Kuptsova VA, Antonova LA, Chakov VV Plants (Basel) 08-Mar-2022
PMCID:PMC8948750
doi:10.3390/plants11060723
PMID:35336605
The structure and functional profile of ruminal microbiota in young and adult reindeers (Rangifer tarandus) consuming natural winter-spring and summer-autumn seasonal diets Yildirim E, Ilina L, Laptev G, Filippova V, Brazhnik E, Dunyashev T, Dubrovin A, Novikova N, Tiurina D, Tarlavin N, Laishev K PeerJ 24-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC8627130
doi:10.7717/peerj.12389
PMID:34900412
Sowing Mixtures of Native Plant Species: Are There Any Differences between Hydroseeding and Regular Seeding? Gudyniene V, Juzenas S, Stukonis V, Norkeviciene E Plants (Basel) 18-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC8624565
doi:10.3390/plants10112507
PMID:34834869

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Gallery Top

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Contributors Top

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Collections Top

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