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Frasera caroliniensis

Frasera caroliniensis - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID64401cdb50148139625696
Scientific name Frasera caroliniensis
Authority Walter
First published in Fl. Carol. : 88 (1788)

Description Top

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Frasera caroliniensis, also known as American columbo or yellow gentian, is a herbaceous perennial found in deciduous forests in Southern Ontario and throughout the eastern and southeastern United States. It is a monocarpic plant, meaning it flowers once and then dies, with tall, lanceolate leaves and green to yellow flowers with purple speckles. The plant can reach heights of over 2 meters and has a taproot system. It is also known for its medicinal uses, though these claims have been largely disproven. F. caroliniensis is associated with several tree and herb species and is endangered in Ontario and nationally in Canada due to invasive plants and deforestation. Conservation efforts include leaving surrounding trees, creating small openings in the canopy, and managing flooded areas.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Swertia frasera Sm. Cycl. 34: n.º 3 (1816)
Frasera officinalis Barton Fl. Virgin. : 49 (1812)
Frasera verticillata Raf. Med. Fl. 1: 196 (1828)
Frasera walteri Michx. Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 97 (1803)
Swertia caroliniensis (Walter) Kuntze Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 430 (1891)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English american columbo

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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No subspecies added yet.

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Ontario
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Missouri
      • Oklahoma
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Indiana
      • Michigan
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Georgia
      • Kentucky
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000692173
UNII 13JM6H785G
Flora of Alabama 2251
Canadensys 5990
USDA Plants FRCA2
Tropicos 13801093
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:367672-1
The Plant List kew-2814338
PFAF Frasera caroliniensis
Open Tree Of Life 515900
NCBI Taxonomy 485363
Nature Serve 2.130550
IPNI 367672-1
iNaturalist 118741
GBIF 3169980
Freebase /m/0hn8qh3
EOL 487538
USDA GRIN 408816
Wikipedia Frasera_caroliniensis
CMAUP NPO6284

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Xanthones: Biosynthesis and Trafficking in Plants, Fungi and Lichens Badiali C, Petruccelli V, Brasili E, Pasqua G Plants (Basel) 04-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9967055
doi:10.3390/plants12040694
PMID:36840041
Do traits of plant species predict the efficacy of species distribution models for finding new occurrences? McCune JL, Rosner‐Katz H, Bennett JR, Schuster R, Kharouba HM Ecol Evol 12-May-2020
PMCID:PMC7297770
doi:10.1002/ece3.6254
PMID:32551077
The Phytochemistry of Cherokee Aromatic Medicinal Plants Setzer WN Medicines (Basel) 12-Nov-2018
PMCID:PMC6313439
doi:10.3390/medicines5040121
PMID:30424560
Between semelparity and iteroparity: Empirical evidence for a continuum of modes of parity Hughes PW Ecol Evol 07-Sep-2017
PMCID:PMC5648687
doi:10.1002/ece3.3341
PMID:29075446
Nonprenylated Xanthones from Gentiana lutea, Frasera caroliniensis, and Centaurium erythraea as Novel Inhibitors of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Waltenberger B, Liu R, Atanasov AG, Schwaiger S, Heiss EH, Dirsch VM, Stuppner H Molecules 13-Nov-2015
PMCID:PMC6332299
doi:10.3390/molecules201119703
PMID:26580586
Physiology, morphology and phenology of seed dormancy break and germination in the endemic Iberian species Narcissus hispanicus (Amaryllidaceae) Copete E, Herranz JM, Ferrandis P, Baskin CC, Baskin JM Ann Bot 17-Feb-2011
PMCID:PMC3080619
doi:10.1093/aob/mcr030
PMID:21335326
Monoterpene biosynthesis. I. Occurrence and mevalonoid origin of gentiopicroside and loganic acid in Swertia caroliniensis. Coscia CJ, Guarnaccia R, Botta L Biochemistry 01-Jan-1970
doi:10.1021/BI00840A054
PMID:5365793

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters
Ethyl tricosanoate 29010 Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC 382.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Kaurane diterpenoids
(1S,4R,9R,10S,13R,14S)-14-hydroxy-14-(hydroxymethyl)-5,5,9-trimethyltetracyclo[11.2.1.01,10.04,9]hexadecan-6-one 101244149 Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(CCC3C2(CCC1=O)C)C(C4)(CO)O)C 320.50 unknown via CMAUP database
CID 11616742 11616742 Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(CCC3C2(CCC1=O)C)C(C4)(CO)O)C 320.50 unknown via CMAUP database
Diterpene 392471 Click to see CC1(C2CCC34CC(CCC3C2(CCC1=O)C)C(C4)(CO)O)C 320.50 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
Betulinic Acid 64971 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C(=O)O 456.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Methyl corosolate 14109751 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C(=O)OC 486.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Methyl maslinate 13653327 Click to see CC1(CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CC(C(C5(C)C)O)O)C)C)C2C1)C)C(=O)OC)C 486.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Methyl Ursolate 636516 Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C(=CCC4C3(CCC5C4(CCC(C5(C)C)O)C)C)C2C1C)C)C(=O)OC 470.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(3S,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 11870456 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Beta-Sitosterol 222284 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
(3R)-4-ethenyl-3-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,6-dihydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-8-one 162844384 Click to see C=CC1=C2CCOC(=O)C2=COC1OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O 356.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/BI00840A054
4-ethenyl-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-5,6-dihydro-3H-pyrano[3,4-c]pyran-8-one 15559483 Click to see C=CC1=C2CCOC(=O)C2=COC1OC3C(C(C(C(O3)CO)O)O)O 356.32 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/BI00840A054
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glucuronides / Flavonoid-7-O-glucuronides
Apigenin 7-glucuronide 5319484 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=CC(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)C(=O)O)O)O)O)O)O 446.40 unknown via CMAUP database
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 7-O-methylated flavonoids
Jaranol 5318869 Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(=C(C2=O)OC)C3=CC=C(C=C3)O)O 314.29 unknown via CMAUP database
Pachypodol 5281677 Click to see COC1=CC(=C2C(=C1)OC(=C(C2=O)OC)C3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O 344.30 unknown via CMAUP database

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