Hemidesmus indicus
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64404bda922e2107336062 |
| Scientific name | Hemidesmus indicus |
| Authority | (L.) R.Br. ex Schult. |
| First published in | Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 6: 126. 1820 [Aug-Dec 1820] , isonym |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
- Root essential oil, obtained by steam distillation, used as a fragrance and flavoring material.
- Saponin‑rich aqueous extract from the root, employed as a natural surfactant.
- Dried root powder used as a flavoring ingredient.
Industrial and craft applications:
- Saponin extract incorporated into shampoos, soaps, and detergents as a biodegradable foaming agent.
- Essential oil evaluated for its aromatic profile and used in limited fragrance formulations for soaps and cosmetics.
Food and beverages (non‑medicinal):
- Root extract added to the Indian soft drink “Sarsa” (Indian sarsaparilla) and to syrups for aromatic flavoring.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Essential oil and hydro‑alcoholic extracts contribute fragrance to hair oils, body lotions, and soaps.
- Root saponins used as foaming agents in cosmetic formulations such as shampoos and facial cleansers.
Properties relevant to use:
- Essential oil composition is dominated by monoterpenes (α‑pinene, β‑pinene, limonene) and sesquiterpenes (β‑caryophyllene), providing a sweet, balsamic odor.
- Saponins from the root exhibit surface‑active properties with a critical micelle concentration comparable to synthetic surfactants.
- Root material has low moisture content, facilitating efficient solvent extraction and yielding stable oil.
Standards and regulation:
- The essential oil conforms to International Fragrance Association (IFRA) standards for fragrance safety.
- Root extracts used as food flavorings are listed by the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association (FEMA) as GRAS substances and are regulated under the Indian Food Safety and Standards Act (FSSAI).
Sustainability and sourcing:
- Roots are harvested from cultivated plots and wild populations in Indian states such as Karnataka and Tamil Nadu; sustainable harvesting protocols limit annual extraction rates.
- Ongoing cultivation programs aim to reduce pressure on wild stocks and ensure a reliable supply for the flavor and fragrance industry.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Periploca malabarica | Burm. ex Decne. | Prodr. 8: 499 (1844) |
| Hemidesmus pubescens | Wight & Arn. | Contr. Bot. India : 63 (1834) |
| Periploca indica | L. | Sp. Pl. : 211 (1753) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | indian sarsaparilla |
| Spanish | zarzaparrilla india |
| Spanish | zarzaparrilla índica |
| Arabic | عشبة النار الهندية |
| Bengali | অনন্তমূল |
| dv | ނަންނާރި |
| Hindi | अनंतमूल |
| Kannada | ಸೊಗದೆ ಬೇರು |
| Malayalam | നറുനീണ്ടി |
| Oriya | ଅନନ୍ତ |
| Punjabi | ਅਨੰਤਮੂਲ |
| sa | क्षीरिणीसस्यम् |
| Sinhala | ඉරමුසු |
| Tamil | நன்னாரி |
| Tamil | கிருஸ்ணவல்லி |
| Tamil | நறு நெட்டி |
| Telugu | సుగంధిపాల |
| Urdu | اننت مول |
| Chinese | 印度代菝葜 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
No distribution data was extracted from POWO/KEW yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0001104567 |
| UNII | G64J165NAI |
| Tropicos | 2609794 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60443873-2 |
| The Plant List | tro-2609794 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 65877 |
| Observations.org | 276176 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 63476 |
| IPNI | 98256-1 |
| iNaturalist | 519938 |
| GBIF | 3576885 |
| Freebase | /m/0d9pbp |
| EOL | 2900147 |
| Elurikkus | 644341 |
| USDA GRIN | 402594 |
| Wikipedia | Hemidesmus_indicus |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
Add a new one!
Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives / P-methoxybenzoic acids and derivatives | |||||
| 4-Methoxysalicylic Acid | 75231 | Click to see | 168.15 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0041-0101(98)00076-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-0101(94)90314-X |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Benzenediols / Catechols | |||||
| Epinephrine | 5816 | Click to see CNCC(C1=CC(=C(C=C1)O)O)O | 183.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00393-7 |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols | |||||
| 2-Hydroxy-4-Methoxybenzaldehyde | 69600 | Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C=O)O | 152.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97582-4 |
| Isovanillin | 12127 | Click to see | 152.15 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97582-4 |
| > Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Coumarinolignans | |||||
| 2-(3-Hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-3-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxy-2,3-dihydropyrano[3,2-h][1,4]benzodioxin-9-one | 15931469 | Click to see | 386.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.199237311 |
| 5-Hydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-2-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyrano[3,2-h][1,4]benzodioxin-9-one | 15931468 | Click to see | 416.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1002/CHIN.199237311 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids | |||||
| Palmitic Acid | 985 | Click to see | 256.42 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97582-4 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| Lupanone | 129730785 | Click to see | 426.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97582-4 |
| Lupeol Acetate | 92157 | Click to see | 468.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97582-4 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Steroidal glycosides | |||||
| (2R,3S,4R,6R)-6-[[(3S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-14-hydroxy-17-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol | 101594607 | Click to see | 464.60 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(91)84141-E |
| (2R,3S,4S,6R)-6-[[(3S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-14-hydroxy-17-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-3-[(2S,4S,5R,6R)-5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-2-methyloxan-4-ol | 102014181 | Click to see | 608.80 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00611-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(85)80047-9 |
| (2R,3S,4S,6S)-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6S)-4-hydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-[[(3S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-14-hydroxy-17-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol | 101664026 | Click to see | 724.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86891-0 |
| (2S,3R,4S,5R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,6S)-6-[(3R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-[(2R,3S,4S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-[[(3S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-14-hydroxy-17-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxyoxane-3,4,5-triol | 102446079 | Click to see CC1C(C(CC(O1)OC2CCC3(C4CCC5(C(CCC5(C4CC=C3C2)O)C(C)O)C)C)O)OC6C(C(C(CO6)OC7CC(C(C(O7)C)OC8C(C(C(CO8)O)O)O)O)O)O | 859.00 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00393-7 |
| (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,6R)-6-[[(3S,8R,10R,13R,14S,17S)-14-hydroxy-17-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-methoxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxane-3,5-diol | 163186609 | Click to see | 638.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00611-1 |
| (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,3R,4R,6R)-6-[[(3S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-14-hydroxy-17-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-4-methoxy-2-methyloxan-3-yl]oxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxane-3,5-diol | 102014180 | Click to see | 638.80 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(85)80047-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00611-1 |
| (3S,8S,9R,10R,12R,13R,14R,17S)-17-[(1S)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-[(2R,4R,5R,6R)-5-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-5-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,9,11,12,15,16-decahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-8,12,14,17-tetrol | 102446077 | Click to see | 818.90 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(96)00393-7 |
| [(1S)-1-[(3S,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-3-[(2R,4R,5R,6R)-5-[(2S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-14-hydroxy-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-17-yl]ethyl] acetate | 101664025 | Click to see | 650.80 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)86891-0 |
| 6-[[14-Hydroxy-17-(1-hydroxyethyl)-10,13-dimethyl-1,2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]-3-(5-hydroxy-4-methoxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxy-2-methyloxan-4-ol | 162979292 | Click to see | 608.80 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00611-1 https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(85)80047-9 |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| 17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 86821 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97582-4 |
| Stigmast-5-en-3-ol | 22012 | Click to see | 414.70 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)97582-4 |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isocoumarins and derivatives | |||||
| Penicipyran D | 139590417 | Click to see | 294.30 | unknown |
https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(85)80047-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(99)00611-1 |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |