Ostrya virginiana
Table of Contents
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fe5b420ff7633227114 |
| Scientific name | Ostrya virginiana |
| Authority | (Mill.) K.Koch |
| First published in | Dendrologie 2(2): 6 (1873) |
Description Top
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Ostrya virginiana, also known as the American hophornbeam, is a small deciduous tree native to eastern North America. It can grow up to 18 meters tall and has brown to gray-brown bark that flakes off in narrow plates. The leaves are ovoid-acute and have a serrated margin, with a hairless upper surface and a sparsely to moderately fuzzy lower surface. In early spring, the tree produces catkins and small nutlets that are enclosed in a papery sac. It is often confused with its close relative, the American hornbeam, which has smooth bark and nutlets enclosed in open, three-lobed bracts. The American hophornbeam is found in lowland and foothill forests in the US and Canada, and in cloud forests and mid-elevation forests in Mexico and Central America. Its buds and catkins are an important source of food for birds, and its wood is valued for making tool handles and fence posts. It is also grown as an ornamental plant and used as a street tree. Its dense and resilient wood makes it an excellent material for constructing wooden longbows.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Ostrya italica subsp. virginiana | (Mill.) H.J.P.Winkl. | Pflanzenr. , IV, 61: 22 (1904) |
| Ostrya ostrya | MacMill. | Metasp. Minnesota Valley : 187 (1892) |
| Ostrya vulgaris var. glandulosa | Spach | Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. sér. 2, 16: 246. 1841 |
| Zugilus virginica | Raf. | Fl. Ludov. 159. 1817 |
| Carpinus virginiana | Mill. | Gard. Dict. ed. 8 : n.º 4 (1768) |
| Carpinus virginica | Münchh. | Hausvater 5: 120. 1770 (1770) |
| Ostrya virginiana subsp. lasia | (Fernald) A.E.Murray | et in Kalmia 13: 10 (1983), with basionym ref. |
| Ostrya virginica var. glandulosa | Spach |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | leverwood |
| English | hardhack |
| English | eastern hophornbeam |
| English | hophornbeam |
| English | hop hornbeam |
| English | eastern hop hornbeam |
| English | american hophornbeam |
| English | ironwood |
| Spanish | tzutujté |
| Spanish | pipinque |
| Spanish | mora |
| Spanish | guapaque |
| Spanish | pepinque |
| Spanish | guichin |
| Spanish | mora roja |
| Spanish | palo blanco moro |
| Spanish | petatillo |
| Czech | habrovec virginský |
| German | virginische hopfenbuche |
| Persian | چوباستخوانی آمریکایی |
| Finnish | amerikanhumalapyökki |
| French | bois de fer |
| French | ostryer de virdinie |
| French | ostryer de virginie |
| Norwegian Bokmål | virginiahumlebøk |
| Dutch | amerikaanse hopbeuk |
| Polish | chmielograb wirginijski |
| Russian | Хмелеграб виргинский |
| Slovenian | virginijski gaber |
| Turkish | amerika kayacığı |
| Chinese | 美国铁木 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Ostrya virginiana subsp. guatemalensis | (H.J.P.Winkl.) A.E.Murray | Kalmia 13: 10 (1983) |
| Ostrya virginiana subsp. virginiana | Unknown |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!| Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate. |
| green' seed, harvested before the outer coat has dried, sow immediately; stored seed requires G |
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- New Brunswick
- Nova Scotia
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
- Québec
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Mexico
- Mexico Central
- Mexico Gulf
- Mexico Northeast
- Mexico Southeast
- Mexico Southwest
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Minnesota
- Missouri
- Nebraska
- North Dakota
- Oklahoma
- South Dakota
- Wisconsin
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Indiana
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- West Virginia
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Northwestern U.S.A.
- Wyoming
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South-central U.S.A.
- Texas
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Delaware
- District Of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maryland
- Mississippi
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Virginia
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Western Canada
- Manitoba
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Eastern Canada
-
Southern America click to expand
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Central America
- El Salvador
- Guatemala
- Honduras
-
Central America
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000261470 |
| UNII | 8CRT9G7606 |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 3489 |
| Flora of Alabama | 1160 |
| Cornell Woody Plants | 159 |
| Canadensys | 3727 |
| USDA Plants | OSVI |
| UConn | 296 |
| Tropicos | 3600027 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295672-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-144637 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 277822 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 747780 |
| Observations.org | 150043 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 13622 |
| Nature Serve | 2.144978 |
| IUCN Red List | 194540 |
| IPNI | 295672-1 |
| iNaturalist | 54771 |
| GBIF | 5332289 |
| Freebase | /m/0gv0rp |
| WisFlora | 4386 |
| FEIS | plants/tree/ostvir |
| EPPO | OSTVI |
| EOL | 1153523 |
| Elurikkus | 6047 |
| USDA GRIN | 105157 |
| Wikipedia | Ostrya_virginiana |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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No natural compounds are linked yet. If you wish to help please use this tool.
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |