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Calopogonium mucunoides

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fd862d5cca906986890
Scientific name Calopogonium mucunoides
Authority Desv.
First published in Ann. Sci. Nat. (Paris)9: 423 (1826)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
Calopogonium mucunoides is principally used as a green‑manure and cover‑crop in tropical agriculture. Whole plants, fresh or after cutting and drying, are incorporated into the soil to increase organic matter and fix atmospheric nitrogen, typically contributing 50–100 kg N ha⁻¹ per year. Leafy stems are harvested for hay; fresh biomass yields are 5–10 t ha⁻¹ per cut, and the material is sun‑dried to 12–15 % moisture for feeding livestock. The seed, after soaking, boiling and drying to reduce anti‑nutritional factors, is milled into a high‑protein meal (20–25 % crude protein) and blended with cereals in commercial feed formulations.

Properties relevant to use:
The plant forms symbiotic nodules with Rhizobium, providing a reliable source of biologically fixed nitrogen, the main basis for its green‑manure value. Leaf dry matter contains 3–4 % nitrogen (15–20 % protein) and has an in‑vitro dry‑matter digestibility of 55–65 %. Seed meal is protein‑rich but contains trypsin inhibitors and phenolics; heat treatment reduces these to acceptable levels for feed. The seed’s oil content is low and it is not extracted commercially.

Standards and regulation:
Use of C. mucunoides as animal feed is governed by national feed safety regulations, such as Brazil’s Instrução Normativa MAPA 06/2018 which sets minimum protein and maximum moisture limits, and by international guidelines like the FAO Code of Practice for Animal Feed and Codex Alimentarius feed‑quality recommendations. The species is listed in the FAO legume feeds database, and compliance is verified by routine testing for moisture, protein and anti‑nutrient residues. No specific ISO or ASTM standard exists for the species; generic feed standards apply.

Sustainability and sourcing:
The species thrives in the humid tropics of the Americas, Africa and Southeast Asia as a low‑input, short‑cycle legume suitable for intercropping with maize, coffee and other cash crops. Its rapid growth, tolerance of acidic soils and weed‑suppressing ability enhance soil conservation and reduce synthetic input needs. Seed production is modest but sufficient for small‑holder distribution, and the plant is conserved in germplasm collections such as the CIAT gene bank, supporting its sustainable use in agro‑forestry and carbon‑sequestering systems.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Calopogonium flavidum Brandegee Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot.4: 376 (1913)
Calopogonium orthocarpum Urb. Symb. Antill.1: 327 (1899)
Calopogonium brachycarpum (Benth.) Benth. ex Hemsl. Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot.1: 300 (1880)
Stenolobium brachycarpum Benth. B.Seemann, Bot. Voy. Herald: 109 (1853)
Stenolobium brachycarpum var. brachystachyum Benth. C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras.15(1B): 140 (1862)
Calopogonium brachycarpum var. brachystachya (Benth.) Hemsl. Biol. Cent.-Amer., Bot.1: 300 (1880)
Glycine javanica sensu Backer, non L.

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English calopo
jv kacang asu
Portuguese calopogônio
Chinese 擬大豆
Chinese 毛蔓豆
Chinese 拟大豆

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Kenya
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • Northeast Tropical Africa
      • Chad
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Angola
      • Malawi
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Benin
      • Burkina
      • Gambia
      • Ghana
      • Guinea
      • Guinea-Bissau
      • Ivory Coast
      • Liberia
      • Mali
      • Nigeria
      • Senegal
      • Sierra Leone
      • Togo
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Burundi
      • Cameroon
      • Central African Republic
      • Congo
      • Equatorial Guinea
      • Gabon
      • Gulf Of Guinea Islands
      • Zaïre
    • Western Indian Ocean
      • Chagos Archipelago
      • Madagascar
      • Seychelles
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China South-central
      • China Southeast
      • Hainan
    • Eastern Asia
      • Kazan-retto
      • Taiwan
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Bangladesh
      • India
      • Nepal
      • Sri Lanka
    • Indo-China
      • Andaman Islands
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Borneo
      • Christmas Island
      • Jawa
      • Lesser Sunda Islands
      • Malaya
      • Maluku
      • Sulawesi
    • Papuasia
      • Bismarck Archipelago
      • New Guinea
      • Solomon Islands
  • Northern America
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Central
      • Mexico Gulf
      • Mexico Northeast
      • Mexico Northwest
      • Mexico Southeast
      • Mexico Southwest
  • Pacific
    • Northwestern Pacific
      • Caroline Islands
      • Marianas
    • South-central Pacific
      • Cook Islands
    • Southwestern Pacific
      • Nauru
      • New Caledonia
      • Vanuatu
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil North
      • Brazil Northeast
      • Brazil South
      • Brazil Southeast
      • Brazil West-central
    • Caribbean
      • Cuba
      • Dominican Republic
      • Jamaica
      • Leeward Islands
      • Puerto Rico
      • Trinidad-Tobago
      • Windward Islands
    • Central America
      • Belize
      • Costa Rica
      • El Salvador
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
      • Nicaragua
      • Panamá
    • Northern South America
      • French Guiana
      • Guyana
      • Suriname
      • Venezuela
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000179119
USDA Plants CAMU11
Tropicos 13045056
INPN 447159
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:483437-1
The Plant List ild-2528
Open Tree Of Life 222826
NCBI Taxonomy 132433
IPNI 483437-1
iNaturalist 280673
GBIF 2959433
EPPO CLOMU
EOL 643300
USDA GRIN 8636
Wikipedia Calopogonium_mucunoides

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Commodity risk assessment of Petunia spp. and Calibrachoa spp. unrooted cuttings from Kenya Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Manda RR, Schulz OM, Akrivou A, Antonatos S, Beris D, Debode J, Kritikos C, Kormpi M, Lacomme C, Manceau C, Papachristos D, Reppa C, Gardi C, Potting R EFSA J 25-Apr-2024
PMCID:PMC11044013
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8742
PMID:38665158
Impacts of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Metabolites of an Invasive Weed Wedelia trilobata Jiang X, Chen D, Zhang Y, Naz M, Dai Z, Qi S, Du D Microorganisms 29-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC11052372
doi:10.3390/microorganisms12040701
PMID:38674645
Green Synthesis of ZnO and Black TiO2 Materials and Their Application in Photodegradation of Organic Pollutants Nawaz R, Ullah H, Ghanim AA, Irfan M, Anjum M, Rahman S, Ullah S, Abdel Baki Z, Kumar Oad V ACS Omega 22-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10551907
doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c04229
PMID:37810725
Floristic Diversity as an Indicator in Low and High Endemic Buruli Ulcer Areas in Côte d’Ivoire Ehouman E, Soro D, Ouattara DN, Cissé CB, Bakayoko A, Dosso M, Zo-Bi IC, Kouassi AF, Koné MW Int J Environ Res 26-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10130806
doi:10.1007/s41742-023-00520-2
PMID:37128551
Pest categorisation of Paracoccus marginatus Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Grégoire J, Malumphy C, Kertesz V, Maiorano A, MacLeod A EFSA J 31-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10064853
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7899
PMID:37009439
Effect of in vitro simulated digestion on the anti-Helicobacter Pylori activity of different Propolis extracts Governa P, Romagnoli G, Albanese P, Rossi F, Manetti F, Biagi M J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 14-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10026752
doi:10.1080/14756366.2023.2183810
PMID:36916299
Evolutionary gain and loss of a plant pattern-recognition receptor for HAMP recognition Snoeck S, Abramson BW, Garcia AG, Egan AN, Michael TP, Steinbrenner AD eLife 15-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9718524
doi:10.7554/eLife.81050
PMID:36377784
Diversity of Legumes in the Cashew Agroforestry System in East Timor (Southeast Asia) Guterres L, Duarte MC, Catarino S, Roxo G, Barnabé J, Sebastiana M, Monteiro F, Romeiras MM Foods 03-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9655503
doi:10.3390/foods11213503
PMID:36360115
Stem cambial variants of Taiwan lianas Yang SZ, Chen PH, Chen JJ Bot Stud 24-Sep-2022
PMCID:PMC9509506
doi:10.1186/s40529-022-00358-5
PMID:36153445
Discovering Tuberosin and Villosol as Potent and Selective Inhibitors of AKT1 for Therapeutic Targeting of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Adnan M, Jairajpuri DS, Chaddha M, Khan MS, Yadav DK, Mohammad T, Elasbali AM, Abu Al-Soud W, Hussain Alharethi S, Hassan MI J Pers Med 30-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9322152
doi:10.3390/jpm12071083
PMID:35887580
Composition and decomposition of rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) belowground biomass S. Santos ER, B. Dubeux JC Jr, Sollenberger LE, B. Siqueira MC, O. S. van Cleef F, M. Jaramillo D, Q. S. D. Zagato L, D. Queiroz LM, Garcia L, V. Garcia CC, Ruiz-Moreno M Sci Rep 15-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9200743
doi:10.1038/s41598-022-14001-7
PMID:35705653
Molecular and Physiological Responses of Citrus sinensis Leaves to Long-Term Low pH Revealed by RNA-Seq Integrated with Targeted Metabolomics Lai NW, Zheng ZC, Hua D, Zhang J, Chen HH, Ye X, Huang ZR, Guo J, Yang LT, Chen LS Int J Mol Sci 23-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9142915
doi:10.3390/ijms23105844
PMID:35628662
Regulation of Soil Microbial Community Structure and Biomass to Mitigate Soil Greenhouse Gas Emission Muhammad I, Lv JZ, Wang J, Ahmad S, Farooq S, Ali S, Zhou XB Front Microbiol 25-Apr-2022
PMCID:PMC9083002
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.868862
PMID:35547151
Complex Synergistic Interactions among Volatile and Phenolic Compounds Underlie the Effectiveness of Allelopathic Residues Added to the Soil for Weed Control Pardo-Muras M, Puig CG, Pedrol N Plants (Basel) 20-Apr-2022
PMCID:PMC9105206
doi:10.3390/plants11091114
PMID:35567121
Ethnobotanical Survey of Local Flora Used for Medicinal Purposes among Indigenous People in Five Areas in Lagos State, Nigeria Lawal IO, Rafiu BO, Ale JE, Majebi OE, Aremu AO Plants (Basel) 25-Feb-2022
PMCID:PMC8912796
doi:10.3390/plants11050633
PMID:35270103

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Pyranoflavonoids
(2S)-2-(2,2-dimethylchromen-6-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4-one 73352581 Click to see CC1(C=CC2=C(O1)C=CC(=C2)C3CC(=O)C4=C(O3)C5=C(C=C4)OC(C=C5)(C)C)C 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)95305-6
2-(2,2-Dimethylchromen-6-yl)-8,8-dimethyl-2,3-dihydropyrano[2,3-f]chromen-4-one 14769500 Click to see 388.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)95305-6
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Furanoisoflavonoids / Pterocarpans
(1R,13R)-7,7-Dimethyl-8,12,20-trioxapentacyclo(11.8.0.02,11.04,9.014,19)henicosa-2(11),3,5,9,14(19),15,17-heptaene-1,17-diol 5318770 Click to see 338.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1985-7-805
(1R,13R)-7,7-Dimethyl-8,12,20-trioxapentacyclo[11.8.0.02,11.04,9.014,19]henicosa-2(11),3,5,9,14(19),15,17-heptaen-17-ol 821442 Click to see 322.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1985-7-805
3,9-Dihydroxypterocarpan 162933 Click to see C1C2C(C3=C(O1)C=C(C=C3)O)OC4=C2C=CC(=C4)O 256.25 unknown https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1985-7-805
6H-Benzofuro(3,2-C)furo(3,2-g)(1)benzopyran-9-ol, 6a,11a-dihydro-, (6ar-cis)- 119025642 Click to see 280.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1985-7-805
Calopocarpin 11709595 Click to see CC(=CCC1=CC2=C(C=C1O)OCC3C2OC4=C3C=CC(=C4)O)C 324.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1985-7-805
Sophorapterocarpan A 14017299 Click to see 324.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1985-7-805
Tuberosin 14630495 Click to see 338.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1515/ZNC-1985-7-805
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / Isoflav-2-enes / Isoflavones
7-Prenyloxy-8-methoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyisoflavone 44257261 Click to see 380.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)95305-6
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylated isoflavonoids / 3-hydroxy,4-methoxyisoflavonoids
7-Prenyloxy-3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone 13467712 Click to see 352.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)95305-6
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Isoflavonoids / O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylated isoflavonoids / 4-O-methylisoflavones
[2-Methoxy-5-[7-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)-4-oxochromen-3-yl]phenyl] acetate 162820351 Click to see 394.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)95305-6
7-Prenyloxy-3',4'-dimethoxyisoflavone 1757897 Click to see 366.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9422(00)95305-6

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