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Cassia grandis

Table of Contents

Details
Ethnobotanical Use
General Uses
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Gallery
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fd58423d32216221084
Scientific name Cassia grandis
Authority L.f.
First published in Suppl. Pl.: 230 (1782)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Common products:
The fruit pulp and seeds have been reported as food ingredients in some national and regional traditions (e.g., in parts of Brazil, the fruit pulp is used as a sweetener and flavoring in the production of cachaça); references to the product category and country context should be cited. Seed oil is discussed in the literature as a food-grade oil with a documented fatty acid profile, but commercial utilization is not widely reported.

Industrial and craft applications:
The bark contains tannins used for leather tanning in the historical literature; specific tanning systems or class of tannins (gallotannins vs. condensed tannins) are not described in detail in the available sources. The wood is used for general carpentry, rural construction, and tool handles; detailed wood properties (density class, shrinkage values, durability class) are not comprehensively quantified in accessible sources.

Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Fruit pulp is occasionally used as a sweetener in regional beverages and desserts. Seeds are cited in some national or regional food composition tables and in technical descriptions of oil-bearing leguminous seeds; no culinary preparation methods (teas or infusions) are described as non-medicinal products.

Colorants and tanning:
Tannins from bark are historically mentioned as a source of brown dyes for textiles; specific dye chemistry, mordant systems, or textile fiber compatibility are not detailed in the sources.

Wood and fiber:
Heartwood is described as brownish and is used in light to medium carpentry; specific physical–mechanical properties (e.g., density, modulus of rupture, modulus of elasticity) and durability class are not comprehensively documented. Fiber utilization (bast or other) is not described.

Fragrance and cosmetics:
Scented fractions of seeds or fruit pulp are occasionally noted in regional flavor–fragrance contexts, but no established cosmetic product or standardization of essential oil composition is reported.

Properties relevant to use:
The oil’s fatty acid composition (e.g., levels of oleic/linoleic acids) is recorded in technical sources; saponification and iodine values are not consistently reported. Tannin content in bark is noted qualitatively; the precise class of tannins is not described.

Standards and regulation:
No specific timber, food, or cosmetic standards are documented for the species; country-specific registrations or compositional standards for seed oil are not referenced in accessible sources.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Large pod and seed yields have been observed, but no specific harvest practices, yield estimates, or sustainability frameworks are documented for industrial or food uses.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Cassia mollis Vahl Symb. Bot.3: 57 (1794)
Cassia pachycarpa de Wit Webbia11: 259 (1955)
Bactyrilobium grande (L.f.) Hornem. Hort. Bot. Hafn.1: 135 (1813)
Bactyrilobium molle (Vahl) Schrad. Gött. Gel. Anz.1: 713 (1821)
Cassia brasiliensis Buc'hoz Hist. Univ. Règne Vég.10(4): t. 2 (1775)
Cassia brasiliana var. tomentosa Miq. Linnaea18: 578 (1844)
Cathartocarpus erubescens Ham. Pharm. J.5: 119 (1845)
Cassia brasiliana Lam. Encycl.1: 649 (1785)
Cathartocarpus brasilianus Jacq. Fragm. Bot.: 59 (1807)
Cathartocarpus grandis (L.f.) Pers. Syn. Pl.1: 459 (1805)
Cassia regia Standl. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 18: 103 (1916)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English pink shower
Spanish canafistula cimarrona
Spanish cañafistula cimarrona
Spanish canandonga
Spanish cañandonga
Spanish carao
Upper Sorbian hoberska kasija
Japanese モモイロナンバンサイカチ
Malayalam പിങ്ക് കൊന്ന
Malay kotek mamak
Malay kotek
Malay kasia merah
Malay pokok kote mamak
Portuguese cássia-rosa
Portuguese cássia-gigante
Portuguese cássia rosa
Portuguese cássia gigante
Thai กาฬพฤกษ์
Vietnamese Ô môi
Vietnamese cây ô môi
Chinese 紅花鐵刀木
Chinese 红花铁刀木
Chinese 大果鐵刀木
Chinese 大果铁刀木

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • East Tropical Africa
      • Tanzania
      • Uganda
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Gambia
      • Ivory Coast
      • Sierra Leone
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Zaïre
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • Bangladesh
      • East Himalaya
      • India
      • Sri Lanka
    • Indo-China
      • Cambodia
      • Laos
      • Myanmar
      • Thailand
      • Vietnam
    • Malesia
      • Jawa
    • Papuasia
      • New Guinea
  • Northern America
    • Mexico
      • Mexico Central
      • Mexico Gulf
      • Mexico Southeast
      • Mexico Southwest
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil North
      • Brazil Northeast
      • Brazil South
      • Brazil Southeast
      • Brazil West-central
    • Caribbean
      • Cuba
      • Dominican Republic
      • Haiti
      • Jamaica
      • Puerto Rico
      • Southwest Caribbean
      • Trinidad-Tobago
    • Central America
      • Belize
      • Costa Rica
      • El Salvador
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
      • Nicaragua
      • Panamá
    • Northern South America
      • French Guiana
      • Guyana
      • Suriname
      • Venezuela
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador
      • Galápagos
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000163908
USDA Plants CAGR11
Tropicos 13028120
INPN 447036
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:484607-1
The Plant List ild-1032
Missouri Botanical Garden 280436
Open Tree Of Life 380064
NCBI Taxonomy 162709
Nature Serve 2.138176
IUCN Red List 144277575
IPNI 484607-1
iNaturalist 160171
IFPNI 7EF8E60D-B5ED-4735-BFE3-F18FCCD9749C
GBIF 5357158
Freebase /m/0dddfmz
EPPO CASGR
EOL 704140
USDA GRIN 9340
Wikipedia Cassia_grandis
Tropicos 13007845
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:48971-2
The Plant List ild-21754
Open Tree Of Life 3916861
IPNI 48971-2
iNaturalist 139524
GBIF 5357136
EOL 643164

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Pest categorisation of Pyrrhoderma noxium Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Golic D, Gobbi A, Maiorano A, Pautasso M, Reignault PL EFSA J 19-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10949325
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2024.8667
PMID:38505477
Novel Stable Protease Inhibitor from Phoenix dactylifera(L.) Flowers with Antimicrobial and Antitumoral Activities Jemel I, Krayem N, Ben Bacha A, Alonazi M, Horchani H, Ghamgui H ACS Omega 07-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10956122
doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c10287
PMID:38524442
Amazonian useful plants described in the book “Le Pays des Amazones” (1885) of the Brazilian propagandist Baron de Santa-Anna Nery: a historical and ethnobotanical perspective Silva LN, Oliveira EC, Baratto LC J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 26-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10897987
doi:10.1186/s13002-024-00663-2
PMID:38409064
The Addition of Resveratrol-Loaded Emulsions to Yogurts: Physicochemical Characterization, In Vitro Bioaccessibility and NMR-Based Nutritional Profiles Shi Z, Chen H, He J, Zhang W, Lin H Foods 28-Jan-2024
PMCID:PMC10855275
doi:10.3390/foods13030426
PMID:38338561
Phenolic Compounds of the Medicinal Plants in an Anthropogenically Transformed Environment Vinogradova N, Vinogradova E, Chaplygin V, Mandzhieva S, Kumar P, Rajput VD, Minkina T, Seth CS, Burachevskaya M, Lysenko D, Singh RK Molecules 29-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10488847
doi:10.3390/molecules28176322
PMID:37687151
Isolated Fraction of Gastric-Digested Camel Milk Yogurt with Carao (Cassia grandis) Pulp Fortification Enhances the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of HT-29 Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells Marcia JA, Aleman RS, Kazemzadeh S, Manrique Fernández V, Martín Vertedor D, Kayanush A, Montero Fernández I Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 20-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10383137
doi:10.3390/ph16071032
PMID:37513943
Attributes of Culture Bacteria as Influenced by Ingredients That Help Treat Leaky Gut Aleman RS, Paz D, Cedillos R, Tabora M, Olson DW, Aryana K Microorganisms 30-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10144211
doi:10.3390/microorganisms11040893
PMID:37110316
Burn Defect and Phenol Prediction for Flavoured Californian-Style Black Olives Using Digital Sensors Cascos G, Barea-Ramos JD, Montero-Fernández I, Ruiz-Canales A, Lozano J, Martín-Vertedor D Foods 24-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10093727
doi:10.3390/foods12071377
PMID:37048198
Quality Assessment of Burdekin Plum (Pleiogynium timoriense) during Ambient Storage Chen G, Netzel ME, Mantilla SM, Phan AD, Netzel G, Sivakumar D, Sultanbawa Y Molecules 07-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9958931
doi:10.3390/molecules28041608
PMID:36838596
Ecological quality as a coffee quality enhancer. A review Torrez V, Benavides-Frias C, Jacobi J, Speranza CI Agron Sustain Dev 02-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9894527
doi:10.1007/s13593-023-00874-z
PMID:36748099
Potential Anti-Cholinesterase Activity of Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Cassia grandis L.f. and Cassia timoriensis DC. Alhawarri MB, Dianita R, Rawa MS, Nogawa T, Wahab HA Plants (Basel) 11-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9862305
doi:10.3390/plants12020344
PMID:36679057
Pest risk assessment of Amyelois transitella for the European Union Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Gilioli G, Makowski D, Mastin A, Czwienczek E, Maiorano A, Mosbach‐Schulz O, Pautasso M, Stancanelli G, Tramontini S, Van der Werf W EFSA J 08-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9641383
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2022.7523
PMID:36381112
Antianemic activity of quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) Collana Negra variety and kanihua (Chenopodium pallidicaule Aellen) Ramis variety seed flour in anemic rats Moscoso-Mujica G, Mujica Á, Chávez J, Peña C, Begazo N, Estrella J, Estrada Z, Tello L, Ramos Y, Rivera D, Inocente C, Huarca F SN Appl Sci 23-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9589771
doi:10.1007/s42452-022-05202-w
PMID:36313602
Phenolic Profile, Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibitory Activities of Leaves from Two Cassia and Two Senna Species Omer HA, Caprioli G, Abouelenein D, Mustafa AM, Uba AI, Ak G, Ozturk RB, Zengin G, Yagi S Molecules 30-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC9457634
doi:10.3390/molecules27175590
PMID:36080355
Masking Effect of Cassia grandis Sensory Defect with Flavoured Stuffed Olives Montero-Fernández I, Marcía-Fuentes JA, Cascos G, Saravia-Maldonado SA, Lozano J, Martín-Vertedor D Foods 02-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC9368533
doi:10.3390/foods11152305
PMID:35954071

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones
Aloe emodin 10207 Click to see 270.24 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
Physcion 10639 Click to see 284.26 unknown https://doi.org/10.1021/NP50034A033
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoyl derivatives
2,4,6-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 70019 Click to see COC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)C=O)OC 196.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
3,4,5-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 6858 Click to see 196.20 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
(-)-beta-Sitosterol 222284 Click to see 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol 86821 Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
Stigmast-5-en-3-ol 22012 Click to see 414.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbonyl compounds / Benzaldehydes / Hydroxybenzaldehydes
2,4-Dihydroxybenzaldehyde 7213 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1O)O)C=O 138.12 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzodioxoles
3-Methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxycinnamaldehyde 5319472 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OCO2)C=CC=O 206.19 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
Myristicin 4276 Click to see 192.21 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamaldehydes
2-Propenal,3-(7-methoxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-, (E)- 53930048 Click to see COC1=CC(=CC2=C1OCO2)C=CC=O 206.19 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavans / Catechins
Catechin 9064 Click to see 290.27 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / O-methylated flavonoids / 6-O-methylated flavonoids
Centaureidin 5315773 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(O2)C=C(C(=C3O)OC)O)OC)O 360.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1055/S-2006-957847

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