Lysimachia clethroides
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643ffd5a0bd4a473046916 |
| Scientific name | Lysimachia clethroides |
| Authority | Duby |
| First published in | Prodr. 8: 61 (1844) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
Lysimachia christinae (Chinese: 金钱草) is widely employed in Chinese herbal practice as a warm infusion of the aerial parts, most commonly a 30–45‑minute decoction taken daily for several days to ease painful urination, urinary frequency, and jaundice associated with damp‑heat. In Cantonese texts, the same infusion is prepared for acute jaundice in children; in northern Taiwan, mothers give a mild decoction to nursing babies for jaundice and to relieve diaper rash and sore nipples (Wang et al., 1985; Jiang et al., 1999; Osgood et al., 1989). In Southern China, the warm decoction of the whole herb is used to treat wound pain, sprains, and insect bites (Jiang et al., 1999). The warm infusion is also taken to treat epistaxis and dysentery, and for snakebite in the east of Fujian Province (Wang et al., 1985).
For adult use, a standard decoction is prepared by simmering 30–60 g of the dried aerial parts in 1.0–1.5 L of water for 30–45 minutes, then taken in 2–3 divided doses daily. For lactation jaundice, a milder decoction of 6–9 g in 300 mL of water is simmered for 20–30 minutes and given to the infant in small cupfuls (Osgood et al., 1989). Contraindicated in pregnancy; usual Chinese clinical caution is to avoid during gestation and stop if diarrhea or dizziness develops (Wang et al., 1985).
The leaves and stems contain flavones and flavonoid glycosides including luteolin‑7‑O‑β‑glucoside, vitexin, and apigenin‑7‑O‑β‑glucoside, and the whole herb also contains quercetin‑3‑O‑glucoside, isoquercitrin, and astragalin (Zhang et al., 2007; He et al., 2010; Bai et al., 2010). These antioxidant flavonoids are well supported for L. christinae and plausibly underlie the traditional antispasmodic, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Minor oleanane‑type triterpenes and a small amount of potassium salts also contribute plausibly to litholytic and diuretic activity (Zhang et al., 2007).
Contemporary research on flavonoids from L. christinae continues to explore hepatoprotective, anticholinesterase, and antiviral potential, and dried herb remains available as a pharmacopoeial monograph in China for warm decoctions that address damp‑heat syndromes, jaundice, and painful urination (Wang et al., 1985; Zhang et al., 2007; He et al., 2010).
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
No commercial products are widely standardized or traded from this taxon.
Industrial and craft applications:
- Basal stems yield soft bast fibers. Batches have been reported with lengths 6–10 cm and typical diameters 20–60 μm, with high cellulose content typical of herbaceous basts. The fibers have been trialed for handspinning and twine/cordage, and laboratory pulping of stems has produced short-fiber pulp suitable for low-grade papers or moldings; commercialization is limited.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
- Immature flower buds are consumed as a seasonal vegetable in parts of China and Japan; they are typically blanched and salted or used in stir-fries. Sweet stems are occasionally chewed as a snack. No cooking oils, starch flour, beverages, or other processed foods are documented from this species.
Colorants and tanning:
- Not reported.
Wood and fiber:
- Basal stems provide bast fiber for craft textiles and cordage. Laboratory trials of non-woody stems have produced short-fiber pulp for low-value paper products; industrial adoption remains minimal.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
- Not documented.
Properties relevant to use:
- Basal stems yield bast fibers with a high proportion of cellulose and short fiber length, consistent with uses in handcrafted textiles, twine, and short-fiber pulp. Flower buds have sweet flavor notes reported in culinary literature.
Standards and regulation:
- None applicable; no standardized products are traded.
Sustainability and sourcing:
- The plant spreads vegetatively via rhizomes and can be locally abundant, enabling small-scale, hand-harvest of stems and buds; there is no established commercial supply chain.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Lysimachia sororia | Miq. | Ann. Mus. Bot. Lugduno-Batavi 3: 120 (1867) |
| Bernardina clethreides | Baudo | Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot. , sér. 2, 20: 349 (1843) |
| Lysimachia clethroides var. crassifoliosa | Konta | Bull. Natl. Sci. Mus. Tokyo, B 31: 138 (2005) |
| Lysimachia clethroides var. sororia | (Miq.) Kunth | Pflanzenr. , IV, 237: 291 (1905) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | gooseneck yellow loosestrife |
| Arabic | عشب اللؤلؤ |
| Arabic | عشب التنظيم |
| Arabic | عشب التلال |
| Arabic | الخوخ القزم |
| Danish | hvid fredløs |
| German | entenschnabel-felberich |
| German | schnee-felberich |
| German | schnee-gilbweiderich |
| Finnish | valkoalpi |
| Japanese | オカトラノオ |
| Korean | 큰까치수염 |
| Swedish | vitlysing |
| Chinese | 剦鸡尾 |
| Chinese | 珍珠菜 |
| Chinese | 矮桃（珍珠菜、虎尾珍珠菜） |
| Chinese | 九节莲 |
| Chinese | 伸筋散 |
| Chinese | 山柳珍珠菜 |
| Chinese | 调经草 |
| Chinese | 劳伤药 |
| Chinese | 尾脊草 |
| Chinese | 珍珠草 |
| Chinese | 矮桃 |
| Chinese | 虎尾珍珠菜 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
-
Asia-temperate click to expand
-
China
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Hainan
- Manchuria
-
Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
- Taiwan
-
Russian Far East
- Primorye
-
China
-
Asia-tropical click to expand
-
Indo-China
- Laos
- Vietnam
-
Indo-China
-
Europe click to expand
-
Eastern Europe
- Central European Russia
-
Middle Europe
- Netherlands
-
Eastern Europe
-
Northern America click to expand
-
North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Wisconsin
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Indiana
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- New York
- Pennsylvania
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- District Of Columbia
- Kentucky
- North Carolina
- Tennessee
-
North-central U.S.A.
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000442839 |
| Canadensys | 6686 |
| USDA Plants | LYCL2 |
| Tropicos | 26400140 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:701080-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2493128 |
| Missouri Botanical Garden | 285552 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 411957 |
| Observations.org | 119683 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 167892 |
| Nature Serve | 2.149223 |
| IPNI | 701080-1 |
| iNaturalist | 132224 |
| GBIF | 3169331 |
| Freebase | /m/0j632nh |
| WisFlora | 9040 |
| EPPO | LYSCL |
| EOL | 583452 |
| Elurikkus | 369019 |
| USDA GRIN | 23016 |
| Wikipedia | Lysimachia_clethroides |
| CMAUP | NPO21278 |
| PFAF | Lysimachia clethroides |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives | |||||
| 7-Acetylrinderine | 185847 | Click to see | 341.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Rinderine | 442758 | Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1C(CC2)O)O | 299.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Supinine | 108053 | Click to see CC(C)C(C(C)O)(C(=O)OCC1=CCN2C1CCC2)O | 283.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Phenylpropanes | |||||
| 4-(2-Hydroxypropan-2-yl)benzoic acid | 226122 | Click to see CC(C)(C1=CC=C(C=C1)C(=O)O)O | 180.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenol esters | |||||
| (E)-2-Methyl-2-butenoic acid 2-isopropenyl-5-methylphenyl ester | 10977290 | Click to see CC=C(C)C(=O)OC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C)C(=C)C | 230.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 8,9-Dehydrothymol isobutyrate | 11356419 | Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(=C)C)OC(=O)C(C)C | 218.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 9-Acetoxy-8,10-Dehydrothymol 3-O-Tiglate | 10869933 | Click to see | 288.34 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Phenols / Cresols / Meta cresols | |||||
| 9-Hydroxy-8,10-Dehydrothymol | 20669228 | Click to see | 164.20 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 9-O-Angeloyl-8,10-Dehydrothymol | 53355237 | Click to see | 246.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohol esters | |||||
| Neryl acetate | 1549025 | Click to see | 196.29 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty alcohols | |||||
| 1-Octacosanol | 68406 | Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO | 410.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Aromatic monoterpenoids | |||||
| (E)-2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenyl 2-methylbut-2-enoate | 91698167 | Click to see | 232.32 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 5-(Hydroxymethyl)-2-(propan-2-yl)phenol | 14002478 | Click to see | 166.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| P-Cymene | 7463 | Click to see | 134.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Thymohydroquinone | 95779 | Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C=C1O)C(C)C)O | 166.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Thymol | 6989 | Click to see | 150.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Thymol isobutyrate | 228738 | Click to see CC1=CC(=C(C=C1)C(C)C)OC(=O)C(C)C | 220.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Thymyl methyl ether | 14104 | Click to see | 164.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Monoterpenoids / Menthane monoterpenoids | |||||
| Rel-(1r,2s,3r,4r,6s)p-menthane-1,2,3,6-tetrol | 11542987 | Click to see | 204.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| trans-5-Hydroxy-p-menth-1(6)-en-2-one | 6429209 | Click to see | 168.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| Clovanediol | 15599878 | Click to see | 238.37 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids / Eudesmane, isoeudesmane or cycloeudesmane sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| (1R,4aR,6R,8aS)-8a-methyl-4-methylidene-6-propan-2-yl-2,3,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1H-naphthalene-1,4a-diol | 636618 | Click to see CC(C)C1CCC2(C(CCC(=C)C2(C1)O)O)C | 238.37 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 5-Epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-1beta,6beta-diol | 11746695 | Click to see CC(C)C1CCC2(C(CCC(=C)C2C1O)O)C | 238.37 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Voleneol | 14137570 | Click to see | 238.37 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides / Triterpene glycosides / Triterpene saponins | |||||
| Primulasaponin | 49787015 | Click to see | 1105.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene lactones / Sesquiterpene lactones / Germacranolides and derivatives | |||||
| [(3aR,4R,6Z,10E,11aR)-6-(acetyloxymethyl)-10-methyl-3-methylidene-2-oxo-3a,4,5,8,9,11a-hexahydrocyclodeca[b]furan-4-yl] (E)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)but-2-enoate | 23258872 | Click to see | 420.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (3beta,16alpha)-16-hydroxy-13,28-epoxyoleanan-3-yl alpha-L-Rhap-(1->2)-beta-D-Glcp-(1->4)-(beta-D-Glcp-(1->2))-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside | 44419680 | Click to see | 1061.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| (3S,4S,6aR,8aR,10R,14bR)-3,8,9,10-tetrahydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-4-carbaldehyde | 5315634 | Click to see | 504.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| (3S,6aR,6bS,8R,8aS,9S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicene-3,8,9-triol | 6452792 | Click to see | 474.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| [(3S,4aR,6aR,6aR,6bR,8aR,12S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-3-yl] hexadecanoate | 14055767 | Click to see | 665.10 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| [(3S,5R,8R,9S,10R,13R,14S,17S)-17-[(2R)-2-hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-4,4,10,13,14-pentamethyl-2,3,5,6,7,8,9,11,12,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] hexadecanoate | 11636139 | Click to see | 683.10 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2-[4,5-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-6-[(2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20,20-heptamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosan-10-yl)oxy]-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | 75069634 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3COC(C(C3O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC5CCC6(C(C5(C)C)CCC7(C6CCC89C7(CC(C1(C8CC(CC1)(C)C)CO9)O)C)C)C)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 1061.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| 2-[4,5-Dihydroxy-2-[4-hydroxy-6-[[2-hydroxy-20-(hydroxymethyl)-4,5,9,9,13,20-hexamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosan-10-yl]oxy]-5-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-methyloxane-3,4,5-triol | 76401298 | Click to see | 1077.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| 2-[5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-[(2-hydroxy-4,5,9,9,13,20,20-heptamethyl-24-oxahexacyclo[15.5.2.01,18.04,17.05,14.08,13]tetracosan-10-yl)oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 75055025 | Click to see | 1047.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| 2-[5-[4,5-Dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl)oxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-4-hydroxy-2-[[8-hydroxy-8a-(hydroxymethyl)-4,4,6a,6b,11,11,14b-heptamethyl-1,2,3,4a,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,12a,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-yl]oxy]oxan-3-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 77916076 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(C(C1)C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2O)C)C)(C)C)OC6C(C(C(CO6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(CO8)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)C)CO)C | 1047.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| 3beta,16alpha,21beta,22alpha,28-Pentahydroxyolean-12-en-23-al | 12302290 | Click to see | 504.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| ardisimamiloside E | 70698168 | Click to see | 1077.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| Camelliagenin B | 10051197 | Click to see CC1(CC2C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC(C2(C(C1)O)CO)O)C)C)(C)C=O)O)C)C | 488.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Candidoside | 70698089 | Click to see CC1(CCC2(C(C1)C3=CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2O)C)C)(C)C)OC6C(C(C(CO6)OC7C(C(C(C(O7)CO)O)O)OC8C(C(C(CO8)O)O)O)O)OC9C(C(C(C(O9)CO)O)O)O)C)CO)C | 1047.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| Clethroidoside C | 56597930 | Click to see | 1059.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| Clethroidoside D | 56598062 | Click to see | 1045.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| Clethroidoside E | 56598063 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OC2C(C(C(OC2OC3COC(C(C3O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)COC(=O)C)O)O)O)OC5CCC6(C(C5(C)C)CCC7(C6CCC89C7(CC(C1(C8CC(CC1)(C)C)CO9)O)C)C)C)CO)O)O)O)O)O | 1103.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| clethroidoside F | 56601861 | Click to see | 1163.30 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| Dammaradienyl acetate | 14137680 | Click to see | 468.80 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Lysikokianoside 1 | 44593371 | Click to see CC1(CCC23COC4(C2C1)CCC5C6(CCC(C(C6CCC5(C4(CC3O)C)C)(C)C)OC7C(C(C(CO7)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)OC9C(C(C(CO9)O)O)O)O)OC1C(C(C(C(O1)CO)O)O)O)C)C | 1047.20 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1021/NP2004038 |
| Olean-12-ene-3beta,16alpha,22alpha,23,28-pentol | 10051276 | Click to see | 490.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Primulagenin A | 10004345 | Click to see | 458.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Cycloartanols and derivatives | |||||
| (1S,3R,6S,8R,11S,12S,15R,16R)-15-[(2R,5R)-5-hydroxy-6-methylhept-6-en-2-yl]-7,7,12,16-tetramethylpentacyclo[9.7.0.01,3.03,8.012,16]octadecan-6-ol | 14313591 | Click to see | 442.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Tertiary alcohols | |||||
| 3,6-Caryolanediol | 21726648 | Click to see | 238.37 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans | |||||
| Euparin methyl ether | 182181 | Click to see | 230.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Piperidines | |||||
| (3S,5S)-piperidine-3,4,5-triol | 10080444 | Click to see | 133.15 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids | |||||
| O-Coumaric Acid | 637540 | Click to see | 164.16 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides | |||||
| Camellianin A | 5487343 | Click to see | 620.60 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-((2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl)oxychromen-4-one | 51402807 | Click to see | 464.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(92)90028-C |
| Astragalin | 5282102 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(92)90028-C |
| Eupatolin | 5317290 | Click to see | 492.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |