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Cyclamen hederifolium

Cyclamen hederifolium - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Cyclamen hederifolium - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID644014c3c15d2009440699
Scientific name Cyclamen hederifolium
Authority Aiton
First published in Hort. Kew. 1: 196 (1789)

Description Top

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Cyclamen hederifolium, also known as the ivy-leaved cyclamen or sowbread, is a species of flowering plant in the family Primulaceae. It is native to the Mediterranean region, and is widely cultivated and among the most hardy and vigorous in oceanic climates. It has two varieties or subspecies (hederifolium and confusum), and var. hederifolium has two named forms, differentiated by leaf and flower characteristics. It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit and there are a number of cultivated varieties. The tuber is round-flattened and produces roots from the top and sides, leaving the base bare. The leaves are variably shaped and colored, and the flowers bloom from late summer to autumn and have 5 petals, usually pink, purple, or white with a streaky magenta V-shaped marking on the nose. After fertilization, the flower stem coils tightly, starting at the end, and rests above the tuber. Seeds are amber, held in a round pod, which opens by 5-10 flaps at maturity.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Cyclamen hederifolium var. poli (Delle Chiaje) Giardina & Raimondo Bocconea 20: 260 (2007)
Cyclamen aedirhizum Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 21 (1903)
Cyclamen albiflorum Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 20 (1903)
Cyclamen angulare Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 19 (1903)
Cyclamen autumnale J.Boos Schönbrunn's Fl. : 45 (1816)
Cyclamen cyclaminus Bedevian Ill. Polyglot. Dict. : 218 (1936)
Cyclamen hederifolium f. albiflorum (Jord.) Grey-Wilson Cyclamen Guide Gard., Hort. & Botanists [ C. Grey-Wilson] 174. 1997
Cyclamen immaculatum Mazziari ex B.D.Jacks. Index Kew. 1(1): 678. 1893 [6 Sep 1893]
Cyclamen insulare Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 20 (1903)
Cyclamen linearifolium DC. Fl. Franç. , ed. 3, 3: 253 (1805)
Cyclamen neapolitanum Ten. Fl. Napol. 1(Prodr.): LXVI (1815)
Cyclamen poli Delle Chiaje Opusc. : 166 (1824)
Cyclamen romanum Griseb. Spic. Fl. Rumel. 1: 5 (1843)
Cyclamen sabaudum Jord. Icon. Fl. Eur. 3: 20 (1903)
Cyclamen subhastatum Rchb. Fl. Germ. Excurs. : 407 (1831)
Cyclaminum vernum Bubani Fl. Pyren. 1: 229 (1897)
Cyclaminus neapolitana Asch. Ber. Deutsch. Bot. Ges. 10: 235 (1892)
Cyclamen crassifolium Hildebr. Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 22(2): 157 (1907)
Cyclamen hederifolium subsp. crassifolium (Hildebr.) Culham, Denney & P.Moore Cyclamen 33: 14 (2009)
Cyclamen hederifolium f. virgineum B.Mathew Cyclamen 33(1): 28. 2009 [Jun 2009]
Cyclamen hederifolium subsp. romanum (Griseb.) O.Schwarz Gartenflora n.f., 1: 22 1938

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
Azerbaijani sarmaşıqyarpaq meşənovruzu
Bulgarian есенно ботурче
Czech brambořík břečťanolistý
Welsh bara`r hwch
Welsh bara'r hwch
German efeublättriges alpenveilchen
Greek Κυκλάμινο το κισσόφυλλο
Persian نگونسار برگ پیچکی
Finnish murattisyklaami
Croatian napuljska ciklama
Japanese シクラメン・ヘデリフォリウム
nap scòccia pëgnata napulëtan
Dutch napolitaanse cyclamen
Serbo-Croatian napuljska ciklama
Slovak cyklámen neapolský
Turkish kandilkökü
Chinese 常春藤叶仙客来
Chinese 常春叶仙客来

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Cyclamen hederifolium var. confusum Grey-Wilson Cyclamen : 174 (1997)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.
Requires Darkness: These seeds need to be covered with soil or otherwise kept in the dark to germinate properly. Light inhibits their germination process.
Requires Soaking: These seeds need to be soaked in warm water until they swell, which can take 24-48 hours. Seeds that float are usually not viable and should be discarded, along with the soaking water.
"add detergent to water when soaking, sow in equal parts of peat, loam and grit with extra richness at bottom of pot, space 2"" apart, allow absolutely no light during germination, provide steady supply of moisture, grow on in pot for 18 months"

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Middle Europe
      • Belgium
      • Germany
      • Switzerland
    • Northern Europe
      • Great Britain
      • Ireland
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Bulgaria
      • Greece
      • Italy
      • Sicilia
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000631783
Canadensys 29038
USDA Plants CYHE5
Tropicos 26400052
INPN 93699
Flora of Italy 3805
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:700730-1
The Plant List kew-2749760
Missouri Botanical Garden 285539
Open Tree Of Life 635479
Observations.org 127672
NCBI Taxonomy 59974
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000003933
IPNI 700730-1
iNaturalist 127355
GBIF 7127810
Freebase /m/0c01g9_
EPPO CYZHE
Elurikkus 579386
USDA GRIN 12737
Wikipedia Cyclamen_hederifolium
CMAUP NPO23989

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
A systematic methodology to assess the identity of plants in historical texts: A case study based on the Byzantine pharmacy text John the Physician's Therapeutics Lardos A, Patmore K, Allkin R, Lazarou R, Nesbitt M, Scott AC, Zipser B J Ethnopharmacol 25-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC7615571
doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.117622
PMID:38128894
Insights into chloroplast genome structure, intraspecific variation, and phylogeny of Cyclamen species (Myrsinoideae) Mao L, Zou Q, Sun Z, Dong Q, Cao X Sci Rep 03-Jan-2023
PMCID:PMC9810647
doi:10.1038/s41598-022-27163-1
PMID:36596857
Biodiversity in Urban Areas: The Extraordinary Case of Appia Antica Regional Park (Rome, Italy) Iamonico D Plants (Basel) 15-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC9414419
doi:10.3390/plants11162122
PMID:36015425
The medieval skincare routine according to the formulations of Madgistra Trotula and the Medical School of Salerno and its reflection on cosmetology of the third millennium Pisanti S, Mencherini T, Esposito T, D'Amato V, Re T, Bifulco M, Aquino RP J Cosmet Dermatol 09-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC10087853
doi:10.1111/jocd.15234
PMID:35822229
Making a Virtue of Necessity: The Use of Wild Edible Plant Species (Also Toxic) in Bread Making in Times of Famine According to Giovanni Targioni Tozzetti (1766) Paura B, Di Marzio P Biology (Basel) 11-Feb-2022
PMCID:PMC8869735
doi:10.3390/biology11020285
PMID:35205151
Flowering Mechanisms and Environmental Stimuli for Flower Transition: Bases for Production Scheduling in Greenhouse Floriculture Proietti S, Scariot V, De Pascale S, Paradiso R Plants (Basel) 05-Feb-2022
PMCID:PMC8839403
doi:10.3390/plants11030432
PMID:35161415
Ca’ Granda, Hortus simplicium: Restoring an Ancient Medicinal Garden of XV–XIX Century in Milan (Italy) Bottoni M, Milani F, Galimberti PM, Vignati L, Romanini PL, Lavezzo L, Martinetti L, Giuliani C, Fico G Molecules 17-Nov-2021
PMCID:PMC8620247
doi:10.3390/molecules26226933
PMID:34834025
An unknown hotspot of plant diversity in the heart of the Central Apennine: flora and vegetation outline of Mt. Pozzoni-St. Rufo valley (Cittareale, Rieti) Lattanzi E, Del Vico E, Tranquilli R, Farris E, Marignani M, Rosati L PhytoKeys 31-May-2021
PMCID:PMC8390790
doi:10.3897/phytokeys.178.62947
PMID:34475797
Quorum-quenching activity of some Iranian medicinal plants Moradi F, Hadi N New Microbes New Infect 23-Apr-2021
PMCID:PMC8165558
doi:10.1016/j.nmni.2021.100882
PMID:34094582
Design a Database of Italian Vascular Alimurgic Flora (AlimurgITA): Preliminary Results Paura B, Di Marzio P, Salerno G, Brugiapaglia E, Bufano A Plants (Basel) 10-Apr-2021
PMCID:PMC8069721
doi:10.3390/plants10040743
PMID:33920234
Ailanthus altissima Forests Determine a Shift in Herbaceous Layer Richness: A Paired Comparison with Hardwood Native Forests in Sub-Mediterranean Europe Montecchiari S, Tesei G, Allegrezza M Plants (Basel) 21-Oct-2020
PMCID:PMC7589998
doi:10.3390/plants9101404
PMID:33096941
A review of medicinal plant of Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region as source in tuberculosis drug discovery Dehyab AS, Bakar MF, AlOmar MK, Sabran SF Saudi J Biol Sci 10-Jul-2020
PMCID:PMC7451596
doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.07.007
PMID:32884430
Insights Into the Inside – A Quantitative Histological Study of the Explosively Moving Style in Marantaceae Jerominek M, Will M, Claßen-Bockhoff R Front Plant Sci 05-Dec-2018
PMCID:PMC6309734
doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.01695
PMID:30627132
Breeding of fragrant cyclamen by interspecific hybridization and ion-beam irradiation Ishizaka H Breed Sci 15-Mar-2018
PMCID:PMC5903983
doi:10.1270/jsbbs.17117
PMID:29681745
The bear in Eurasian plant names: motivations and models Kolosova V, Svanberg I, Kalle R, Strecker L, Özkan AM, Pieroni A, Cianfaglione K, Molnár Z, Papp N, Łuczaj Ł, Dimitrova D, Šeškauskaitė D, Roper J, Hajdari A, Sõukand R J Ethnobiol Ethnomed 21-Feb-2017
PMCID:PMC5320662
doi:10.1186/s13002-016-0132-9
PMID:28222790

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Benzenoids / Benzene and substituted derivatives / Benzoic acids and derivatives / Benzoic acid esters / o-Hydroxybenzoic acid esters
Methyl Salicylate 4133 Click to see COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O 152.15 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
14-Hydroxyisocaryophyllene 12300116 Click to see CC1(CC2C1CCC(=CCCC2=C)CO)C 220.35 unknown via CMAUP database
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
3,16-Dihydroxy-13,28-epoxyoleanan-29-al 3036924 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1O)C)CCC45C3(CC(C6(C4CC(CC6)(C)C=O)CO5)O)C)C)C 472.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003
Betulone 10411004 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)CO 440.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Cyclamiretin A 12305336 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1O)C)CCC45C3(CC(C6(C4CC(CC6)(C)C=O)CO5)O)C)C)C 472.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003
Isocyclamin 44566609 Click to see CC1(C2CCC3(C(C2(CCC1OC4C(C(C(CO4)OC5C(C(C(C(O5)COC6C(C(C(C(O6)CO)O)O)O)O)O)OC7C(C(C(CO7)O)O)O)O)OC8C(C(C(C(O8)CO)O)O)O)C)CCC91C3(CC(C2(C9CC(CC2)(C)C=O)CO1)O)C)C)C 1223.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/J.PHYTOCHEM.2011.09.003
Lupenone 92158 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C 424.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Lupeol 259846 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C 426.70 unknown via CMAUP database
Methyl acetyl betulinate 6451984 Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)OC(=O)C)C)C(=O)OC 512.80 unknown via CMAUP database
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Phenolic glycosides
Gaultherin 5315244 Click to see COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1OC2C(C(C(C(O2)COC3C(C(C(CO3)O)O)O)O)O)O 446.40 unknown via CMAUP database

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Collections Top

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