Rumex dentatus
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643ff8b09ff46884347400 |
| Scientific name | Rumex dentatus |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Mant. Pl. 2: 226 (1771) |
Ethnobotanical Use Top
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Important notice
- Content in this section summarizes historical and cultural records. It is not medical advice.
- Do not use plants for self-treatment. Safety, efficacy, and appropriate use are not established here.
- Plant identification errors, allergies, and interactions can cause harm. Consult qualified professionals for health questions.
- Local legality and regulatory status may vary; verify before collecting, processing, or selling plant materials.
The kite-shaped leaves of Rumex dentatus have long served in poultice form for wounds and skin sores across parts of South Asia and the Himalayas. In the Kumaon Himalaya, Ghimire et al. (2006) recorded that communities crush fresh leaves and apply the mash as a wound dressing for cuts and sores. North‑Indian practice follows a similar line: Kumari et al. (2012) reported that the fresh leaf mash is applied to boils, sores, and cuts. In Bangladesh, Khan et al. (2015) noted the leaf poultice used for wounds and skin irritation; related survey work by Mazumder et al. (2005) confirms comparable external use of dock leaves for cuts and sores. Farmers’ ethnobotanical lists from western India record the leaf poultice for treating wounds and skin infections (Malhotra and Moorthy, 2013). These accounts consistently involve fresh or lightly crushed leaves, sometimes moistened with water before packing into the affected area.
Practical recipe: For a fresh leaf compress for minor skin irritation or non‑bleeding abrasions, clean 4–6 fresh leaves, bruise them in a clean bowl, and add 2–3 teaspoons of warm water to make a spreadable mash. Apply a thin layer to the affected area, cover with a fresh cloth, and reapply every 2–4 hours or until the skin is no longer sensitive. Safety: do not use on deep or actively bleeding wounds; avoid contact with eyes and mucous membranes; wash hands after handling the material.
Active constituents reported for this species include flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol, anthraquinones such as emodin and chrysophanol, and tannins (Raza et al., 2017; Kumari et al., 2012). These compounds plausibly account for the astringent, antimicrobial, and styptic properties traditionally ascribed to the leaf poultice.
Modern relevance: While controlled clinical trials on Rumex dentatus are lacking, pharmacological studies indicate antioxidant and antibacterial activity supporting its recorded use as a wound poultice; the leaves remain locally collected for skin applications across parts of Nepal, India, and Bangladesh.
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Young leaves and tender stems are occasionally consumed as a leafy green after cooking. Processing typically involves boiling, blanching, or sautéing to reduce acidity.
Industrial and craft applications:
No industrial or craft applications are recorded for this taxon.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Young leaves and shoots are used as a cooked green and may be incorporated into mixed vegetable dishes and pickles in parts of South Asia.
Colorants and tanning:
No dye or tannin uses are documented for this species.
Wood and fiber:
No timber or fiber uses are documented for this species.
Fragrance and cosmetics:
No fragrance or cosmetic uses are documented for this species.
Properties relevant to use:
Leaves contain oxalates, which influence palatability and food processing; the plant’s morphology and phenology suit simple horticultural utilization as an edible potherb.
Standards and regulation:
No food, cosmetic, or timber standards specifically mention this species.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Populations are commonly ruderal; it is harvested locally from wild or semi-wild stands. No conservation assessment is recorded for this taxon.
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Rumex limosus | Thuill. | Fl. Env. Paris , ed. 2: 182 (1799) |
| Rumex dentatus subsp. klotzschianus | (Meisn.) Rech.f. | Beib. Bot. Jahr. 49(2): 19 1932 |
| Rumex nipponicus | Franch. & Sav. | Enum. Pl. Jap. 2: 471 (1878) |
| Rumex halacsyi | C.Rechinger | Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 49: 105 (1899) |
| Rumex klotzschianus | Meisn. | Prodr. 14: 57 (1856) |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | toothed dock |
| English | golden dock |
| English | aegean dock |
| Arabic | ضرس العجوز |
| Bengali | সোনালি জল পালং |
| Welsh | tafolen ddanheddog |
| Persian | ترشک دندانهدار |
| Finnish | hammashierakka |
| ks | اَبُج |
| ks | اۆبُج |
| Punjabi | ਜੰਗਲੀ ਪਾਲਕ |
| Punjab | جنگلی پالک |
| Swedish | tandskräppa |
| Urdu | جنگلی پالک |
| Chinese | 牛舌草 |
| Chinese | 牛舌草花 |
| Chinese | 齿果酸模 |
| Chinese | 齒果酸模 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Rumex dentatus subsp. callosissimus | (C.F.W.Meissn.) Rech.f. | Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 49(2): 13 1932 |
| Rumex dentatus subsp. halacsyi | (Rech.) Rech.f. | Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 49(2): 18 1932 |
| Rumex dentatus subsp. mesopotamicus | Rech.f. | Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 49(2): 16 1932 |
| Rumex dentatus subsp. reticulatus | (Besser) Rech.f. | Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 49(2): 18 1932 |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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East Tropical Africa
- Uganda
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Northern Africa
- Egypt
- Libya
- Tunisia
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West Tropical Africa
- Mali
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East Tropical Africa
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Arabian Peninsula
- Gulf States
- Oman
- Saudi Arabia
- Yemen
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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China
- China North-central
- China South-central
- China Southeast
- Inner Mongolia
- Qinghai
- Xinjiang
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Eastern Asia
- Japan
- Korea
- Nansei-shoto
- Taiwan
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
- Tadzhikistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
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Russian Far East
- Kuril Islands
- Primorye
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Western Asia
- Afghanistan
- Cyprus
- Iran
- Iraq
- Lebanon-Syria
- Palestine
- Sinai
- Turkey
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Arabian Peninsula
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Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- Assam
- Bangladesh
- East Himalaya
- India
- Nepal
- Pakistan
- West Himalaya
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Indo-China
- Laos
- Myanmar
- Vietnam
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Indian Subcontinent
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
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Middle Europe
- Czechoslovakia
- Netherlands
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Northern Europe
- Great Britain
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Romania
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Southwestern Europe
- France
- Spain
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- Ontario
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Mexico
- Mexico Northwest
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Missouri
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Northwestern U.S.A.
- Oregon
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South-central U.S.A.
- Texas
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Southwestern U.S.A.
- Arizona
- California
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Western Canada
- Alberta
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Eastern Canada
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000403385 |
| Canadensys | 8209 |
| USDA Plants | RUDE3 |
| Tropicos | 26002657 |
| INPN | 119476 |
| Flora of Italy | 430 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:697039-1 |
| The Plant List | kew-2423932 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 65840 |
| Observations.org | 121598 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 1006352 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000014025 |
| Nature Serve | 2.136279 |
| IPNI | 697039-1 |
| iNaturalist | 78902 |
| GBIF | 2889038 |
| Freebase | /m/0c0075t |
| EPPO | RUMDE |
| EOL | 587351 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 7216 |
| USDA GRIN | 32532 |
| Wikipedia | Rumex_dentatus |
| CMAUP | NPO24601 |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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| Name | PubChem ID | Canonical SMILES | MW | Found in | Proof |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| > Alkaloids and derivatives | |||||
| [(7R,8R)-7-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-3H-pyrrolizin-1-yl]methyl (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-3-methylbutanoate | 44584035 | Click to see | 299.36 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes | |||||
| 1,3,8-Trihydroxy-6-methyl-9(10H)-anthracenone | 122635 | Click to see | 256.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones | |||||
| ((2R,3S,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-6-(8-Hydroxy-6-Methyl-9,10-Dioxoanthracen-1-Yl)Oxyoxan-2-Yl)Methyl 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoate | 5315852 | Click to see | 568.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 1,8-Dihydroxy-3-methyl-4a,9a-dihydroanthracene-9,10-dione | 24867638 | Click to see | 256.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Aloe emodin | 10207 | Click to see | 270.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Chrysophanol | 10208 | Click to see | 254.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Physcion | 10639 | Click to see | 284.26 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Anthracenes / Anthraquinones / Hydroxyanthraquinones | |||||
| Emodin | 3220 | Click to see | 270.24 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Emodin(1-) | 25201450 | Click to see | 269.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Benzenoids / Naphthalenes / Naphthols and derivatives | |||||
| Nepodin | 100780 | Click to see | 216.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Hydrocarbons / Unsaturated hydrocarbons / Branched unsaturated hydrocarbons | |||||
| (7aS)-1,4,4,7a-tetramethyl-5H-indene | 101599337 | Click to see | 174.28 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acid esters | |||||
| Ethyl tiglate | 5281163 | Click to see | 128.17 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acids and conjugates / Long-chain fatty acids | |||||
| Isooleic acid | 5282760 | Click to see | 282.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Fatty Acyls / Fatty acyl glycosides / Fatty acyl glycosides of mono- and disaccharides | |||||
| (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2R,4E,6E)-8-hydroxy-2,7-dimethylocta-4,6-dienoxy]-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol | 11099620 | Click to see | 332.39 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids | |||||
| 2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 4-hydroxy-4-[(1E,3E)-5-hydroxy-3-methyl-1,3-pentadien-1-yl]-3,5,5-trimethyl-, (4S)- | 44584347 | Click to see | 250.33 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Terpene glycosides | |||||
| (E)-4-[(4R)-2,6,6-trimethyl-4-[(2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxycyclohexen-1-yl]but-3-en-2-one | 10872343 | Click to see CC1=C(C(CC(C1)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)(C)C)C=CC(=O)C | 370.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids | |||||
| (+)-Ursolic Acid | 64945 | Click to see | 456.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives | |||||
| (3S,8R,9R,10R,13R,14R,17R)-17-[(2R,5R)-5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol | 11870456 | Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C | 414.70 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Alcohols and polyols / Secondary alcohols | |||||
| (7aS)-2,4,5,7aalpha-Tetrahydro-1alpha,4,4,7aalpha-tetramethyl-1H-inden-2alpha-ol | 101609001 | Click to see CC1C(C=C2C1(C=CCC2(C)C)C)O | 192.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / Cyanogenic glycosides | |||||
| Amygdalin | 656516 | Click to see | 457.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Acetals / Ketals | |||||
| (1R,6S,8R)-2,2,6,8-tetramethyl-7,11-dioxatricyclo[6.2.1.01,6]undec-4-ene | 21636591 | Click to see | 208.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Ethers / Dialkyl ethers | |||||
| (3S)-3-ethoxynonane | 101915605 | Click to see | 172.31 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Heptane, 1-ethoxy- | 519677 | Click to see | 144.25 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Benzofurans / Dibenzofurans | |||||
| 2-Hydroxy-3,4,7-trimethoxydibenzofuran | 10355969 | Click to see | 274.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| 2,8-Dihydroxy-3,4,7-trimethoxydibenzofuran | 441782 | Click to see COC1=C(C=C2C3=CC(=C(C(=C3OC2=C1)OC)OC)O)O | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Epsilon-Cotonefuran | 10334385 | Click to see | 290.27 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Lactones / Gamma butyrolactones | |||||
| Dehydroascorbic Acid | 440667 | Click to see | 174.11 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Marmelolactone B | 101282733 | Click to see CC1CC(OC1=O)C=CC(=C)C | 166.22 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Oxepanes | |||||
| (1R,9R)-2,2,9-trimethyl-8,12-dioxatricyclo[7.2.1.01,6]dodec-5-ene | 21636592 | Click to see | 208.30 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Pyrrolizidines | |||||
| 1H-Pyrrolizine-1-methanol, hexahydro-, (1S-cis)- | 94259 | Click to see C1CC2C(CCN2C1)CO | 141.21 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Organoheterocyclic compounds / Tetrahydrofurans | |||||
| Marmelo oxide A | 14379832 | Click to see | 152.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| Marmelo oxide B | 14379831 | Click to see | 152.23 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Diarylheptanoids / Linear diarylheptanoids | |||||
| Tocris-1610 | 6603986 | Click to see CC1=C(C(=C(C(=C1O)C(=O)C)O)CC2=C(C(=C3C(=C2O)C=CC(O3)(C)C)C(=O)C=CC4=CC=CC=C4)O)O | 516.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavones | |||||
| 2-(3,4-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[2,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 57339948 | Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(OC4O)CO)O)O)O)O | 464.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| > Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-3-O-glycosides | |||||
| 2-(2,3-Dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-[(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl)oxymethyl]oxan-2-yl]oxychromen-4-one | 53399169 | Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)OCC2C(C(C(C(O2)OC3=C(OC4=CC(=CC(=C4C3=O)O)O)C5=C(C(=CC=C5)O)O)O)O)O)O)O)O | 610.50 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
| CID 44258797 | 44258797 | Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C=C(C=C3O2)O)O)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)O | 448.40 | unknown | via CMAUP database |
Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |