Mollugo verticillata - Unknown
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Internal ID UUID643ffde5bf0bd649990713
Scientific name Mollugo verticillata
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 89 (1753)

Description Top

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Mollugo verticillata, also known as green carpetweed or Indian chickweed, is a rapidly spreading annual plant native to tropical America. It is a common weed in eastern North America, often found in disturbed areas. The plant forms a circular mat and can quickly climb over other plants and obstacles. It has been reported in every state in the US except Alaska, Hawaii, and Utah, as well as in parts of Canada. Despite being considered an invasive weed, M. verticillata is also edible and has been used for food and medicinal purposes by indigenous peoples. The plant has narrow, whorled leaves and small white or greenish flowers that turn into egg-shaped fruit. It is part of the Molluginaceae family, which has recently been reclassified due to advances in genetic sequencing. M. verticillata has many synonyms and closely related species. It is found in warm and wet environments across North America, South America, Eurasia, and Africa. The plant has been studied for its therapeutic properties and has been used in traditional medicine. Archaeological evidence suggests that M. verticillata has been in North America for at least 3000 years. It is considered globally secure, but is also recognized as an invasive weed

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Mollugo arenaria Kunth Nov. Gen. Sp. 6: 20 (1823)
Mollugo chevalieri Hutch. & Dalziel Fl. W. Trop. Afr. 1: 114 (1927)
Mollugo costata Y.T.Chang & Wei Acta Phytotax. Sin. 8: 263 (1963)
Mollugo axillaris Schlecht. ex Rohrb. Fl. Bras. (Martius) 14(2): 242. 1872 [1 Feb 1872]
Mollugo dichotoma Schrank Pl. Rar. Hort. Monac. : t. 64 (1821)
Mollugo diffusa Willd. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2. 2: 154. 1841
Mollugo hoffmannseggiana Ser. Prodr. 1: 393 (1824)
Mollugo juncea Fenzl Ann. Wien Mus. 1: 378. 1836.
Mollugo schrankii Ser. Prodr. 1: 391 (1824)
Mollugo spergulaefolia Willd. ex Fenzl Ann. Wien Mus. 1: 378. 1836, nom. nud. in syn.
Mollugo triphylla Schrank ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. [Steudel], ed. 2. 2: 154. 1841
Pharnaceum arenarium Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 949 (1824)
Pharnaceum hoffmannseggianum Schult. Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 6: 692 (1820)
Pharnaceum verticellatum (L.) Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1: 949 (1824)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English green carpetweed
Bengali কাঁথাঝুলি
Finnish kiehkuramattio
Swedish kransört
Chinese 光葉栗米草
Chinese 种棱粟米草
Chinese 毯粟草
Chinese 光葉粟米草

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Africa
    • Macaronesia
      • Azores
      • Cape Verde
    • Middle Atlantic Ocean
      • Ascension
    • South Tropical Africa
      • Angola
    • Southern Africa
      • Cape Provinces
    • West Tropical Africa
      • Benin
      • Ivory Coast
      • Mali
      • Senegal
      • Sierra Leone
    • West-central Tropical Africa
      • Central African Republic
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • China North-central
      • China Southeast
      • Hainan
    • Eastern Asia
      • Japan
      • Korea
      • Nansei-shoto
      • Taiwan
  • Asia-tropical
    • Indian Subcontinent
      • India
    • Indo-China
      • South China Sea
  • Europe
    • Middle Europe
      • Czechoslovakia
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Greece
      • Italy
    • Southwestern Europe
      • Portugal
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • New Brunswick
      • Nova Scotia
      • Ontario
    • Mexico
      • Mexican Pacific Islands
      • Mexico Central
      • Mexico Northeast
      • Mexico Northwest
      • Mexico Southeast
      • Mexico Southwest
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Kansas
      • Minnesota
      • Missouri
      • Nebraska
      • North Dakota
      • Oklahoma
      • South Dakota
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Indiana
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Colorado
      • Idaho
      • Montana
      • Oregon
      • Washington
      • Wyoming
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • New Mexico
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Delaware
      • District Of Columbia
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • Kentucky
      • Louisiana
      • Maryland
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Tennessee
      • Virginia
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • Arizona
      • California
      • Nevada
    • Western Canada
      • British Columbia
      • Manitoba
  • Southern America
    • Brazil
      • Brazil North
      • Brazil Northeast
      • Brazil South
      • Brazil Southeast
      • Brazil West-central
    • Caribbean
      • Aruba
      • Cuba
      • Dominican Republic
      • Haiti
      • Leeward Islands
      • Netherlands Antilles
      • Puerto Rico
      • Trinidad-Tobago
      • Venezuelan Antilles
    • Central America
      • Belize
      • Costa Rica
      • El Salvador
      • Guatemala
      • Honduras
      • Nicaragua
      • Panamá
    • Northern South America
      • French Guiana
      • Guyana
      • Suriname
      • Venezuela
    • Southern South America
      • Argentina Northeast
      • Argentina Northwest
      • Argentina South
      • Paraguay
      • Uruguay
    • Western South America
      • Bolivia
      • Colombia
      • Ecuador
      • Peru

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000448003
Florida Plant Atlas 1744
Flora of Alabama 2668
Canadensys 6674
USDA Plants MOVE
Tropicos 700039
INPN 108736
Flora of Italy 570
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:280992-2
The Plant List kew-2501530
Open Tree Of Life 584113
Observations.org 149751
NCBI Taxonomy 3592
Nature Serve 2.142791
IPNI 280992-2
iNaturalist 78090
GBIF 3084611
Freebase /m/0d57dg
WisFlora 4269
EPPO MOLVE
EOL 589593
Calflora (Californian flora) 5609
USDA GRIN 101375
Wikipedia Mollugo_verticillata

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Vascular Plant Species Inventory of Mexico’s Revillagigedo National Park: Awareness of Alien Invaders as a Sine Qua Non Prerequisite for Island Conservation Domínguez-Meneses A, Martínez-Gómez JE, Mejía-Saulés T, Acosta-Rosado I, Stadler S Plants (Basel) 30-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10575041
doi:10.3390/plants12193455
PMID:37836194
Distribution, Effect, and Control of Exotic Plants in Republic of Korea Lim BS, Seok JE, Lim CH, Kim GS, Shin HC, Lee CS Biology (Basel) 06-Jun-2023
PMCID:PMC10294914
doi:10.3390/biology12060826
PMID:37372111
Pest categorisation of Pantoea ananatis Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, MacLeod A, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Civera AV, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Migheli Q, Vloutoglou I, Maiorano A, Streissl F, Reignault PL EFSA J 07-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC9989851
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.7849
PMID:36895574
Evolutionary implications of C2 photosynthesis: how complex biochemical trade-offs may limit C4 evolution Walsh CA, Bräutigam A, Roberts MR, Lundgren MR J Exp Bot 28-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9899418
doi:10.1093/jxb/erac465
PMID:36437625
A new insight in immunomodulatory impact of botanicals in treating avian coccidiosis Rizwan HM, Khan MK, Mughal MA, Abbas Z, Abbas RZ, Sindhu ZU, Sajid MS, Ain QU, Abbas A, Zafar A, Imran M, Aqib AI, Nadeem M J Parasit Dis 23-Jul-2022
PMCID:PMC9606196
doi:10.1007/s12639-022-01519-w
PMID:36457787
Reinventory of the vascular plants of Mormon Island Crane Meadows after forty years of restoration, invasion, and climate change Caven AJ, Wiese JD Heliyon 03-Jun-2022
PMCID:PMC9192816
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09640
PMID:35711997
A viewpoint on ecological and evolutionary study of plant thermal performance curves in a warming world Wooliver R, Vtipilthorpe EE, Wiegmann AM, Sheth SN AoB Plants 13-Apr-2022
PMCID:PMC9126585
doi:10.1093/aobpla/plac016
PMID:35615255
Molecular analysis of stomach contents reveals important grass seeds in the winter diet of Baird's and Grasshopper sparrows, two declining grassland bird species Titulaer M, Melgoza-Castillo A, Panjabi AO, Sanchez-Flores A, Martínez-Guerrero JH, Macías-Duarte A, Fernandez JA PLoS One 20-Dec-2017
PMCID:PMC5738127
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0189695
PMID:29261732
Despite phylogenetic effects, C3–C4 lineages bridge the ecological gap to C4 photosynthesis Lundgren MR, Christin PA J Exp Bot 26-Dec-2016
PMCID:PMC5853900
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw451
PMID:28025316
Development of the novel pre-emergence herbicide pyroxasulfone Nakatani M, Yamaji Y, Honda H, Uchida Y J Pestic Sci 20-Aug-2016
PMCID:PMC6140635
doi:10.1584/jpestics.J16-05
PMID:30363083
A generalized stoichiometric model of C3, C2, C2+C4, and C4 photosynthetic metabolism Bellasio C J Exp Bot 17-Aug-2016
PMCID:PMC5853385
doi:10.1093/jxb/erw303
PMID:27535993
Medicinal Plants from Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean Used as Immunostimulants Alonso-Castro AJ, Juárez-Vázquez MD, Campos-Xolalpa N Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 03-Mar-2016
PMCID:PMC4794563
doi:10.1155/2016/4017676
PMID:27042188
The inevitability of C4 photosynthesis Edwards EJ eLife 22-Jul-2014
PMCID:PMC4106074
doi:10.7554/eLife.03702
PMID:25052081
Phenotypic landscape inference reveals multiple evolutionary paths to C4 photosynthesis Williams BP, Johnston IG, Covshoff S, Hibberd JM eLife 28-Sep-2013
PMCID:PMC3786385
doi:10.7554/eLife.00961
PMID:24082995
Which Approach Is More Effective in the Selection of Plants with Antimicrobial Activity? Silva AC, Santana EF, Saraiva AM, Coutinho FN, Castro RH, Pisciottano MN, Amorim EL, Albuquerque UP Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 26-Jun-2013
PMCID:PMC3710641
doi:10.1155/2013/308980
PMID:23878595

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