Atriplex patula
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID64400bcf6626c705222323 |
| Scientific name | Atriplex patula |
| Authority | L. |
| First published in | Sp. Pl. : 1053 (1753) |
General Uses Top
Suggest a correction!Common products:
Atriplex patula supplies edible young foliage and seed grain, recorded as non‑medicinal products in the USDA PLANTS Database and FAO Halophyte Species Database. Leaves are harvested tender and used as a leafy vegetable; seed is collected at maturity, cleaned and milled into flour. The species is grazed as forage on saline pastures and its seed yields a lipid fraction suitable for biodiesel.
Food and beverages (non-medicinal):
Leaves are eaten raw, blanched, or cooked as a potherb, providing protein, vitamin C and minerals such as calcium and potassium. Seeds are ground into flour and used in flatbreads, porridges and animal‑feed mixes. The FAO (2013) lists A. patula as a halophytic food crop, and the USDA PLANTS entry records its culinary use.
Industrial and craft applications:
Phytoremediation: A. patula accumulates Cd, Pb and Zn from contaminated soils and is used in constructed wetlands for saline wastewater treatment (Zhang et al., 2017; Zeng et al., 2018).
Biodiesel: seed oil is 20–30 % of dry seed mass, with an iodine value ~130 g I₂/100 g, saponification ~190 mg KOH g⁻¹, and a fatty‑acid profile dominated by linoleic acid (≈60–70 %). Transesterified oil meets ASTM D6751 specifications (Marañón et al., 2016).
Ecological landscaping: the species is cultivated in xeriscapes and reclamation projects as a pioneer plant for restoring degraded lands.
Properties relevant to use:
The halophytic nature of A. patula allows growth in soils up to ≈15 dS m⁻¹. Leaves are high in Na, K and Ca, providing nutritional value; seed oil’s high unsaturation (iodine ~130) and saponification (~190) suit biodiesel after transesterification. Root tissue has metal‑binding ligands that sequester Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺, shown in pot experiments (Al‑Gharani et al., 2014).
Standards and regulation:
Biodiesel from A. patula seed oil must meet ASTM D6751 (viscosity, flash point, acid number, cold‑flow). Food uses are governed by national food‑safety laws: the EU Novel‑Food Regulation (EU 2015/2283) and the U.S. Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act/21 CFR 172; no dedicated ISO/EN standard exists for this wild edible.
Sustainability and sourcing:
Cultivation of A. patula can be established on marginal saline or arid land with minimal irrigation, fertilizer or pesticide inputs. Integrating it into low‑input systems reduces pressure on prime soils, enhances carbon sequestration and improves soil salinity through salt extraction (IPCC 2022).
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Atriplex hastata subsp. patula | (L.) E.Pons | Nuovo Giorn. Bot. Ital. , n.s., 9: 417 (1902) |
| Atriplex patula subsp. producta | (Guss.) Giardina & Raimondo | Bocconea 20: 9 (2007) |
| Atriplex patula var. producta | Guss. | Enum. Pl. Inarim. : 282 (1855) |
| Atriplex agrestis | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 575 (1866) |
| Atriplex amana | Post | Fl. Syria : 681 (1896) |
| Atriplex angustifolia | Sm. | Fl. Brit. 3: 1092 (1804) |
| Atriplex erecta | Huds. | Fl. Angl. : 376 (1762) |
| Atriplex hastata var. patula | (L.) Farw. | Rep. (Annual) Michigan Acad. Sci. 6: 207 (1904) |
| Atriplex hastilifolia | Rchb. ex Steud. | Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 1: 169 (1840) |
| Atriplex macrodira | Guss. | Fl. Sicul. Syn. 2: 592 (1845) |
| Atriplex nemorensis | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 575 (1866) |
| Atriplex patula subsp. amana | (Post) Aellen | Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 70: 56 1939 |
| Atriplex patula var. angustifolia | Rodway | Tasman. Fl. : 156 (1903) |
| Atriplex polymorpha | Coss., Germ. & Wedd. | Introd. Fl. Anal. Paris : 108 (1842) |
| Atriplex procumbens | S.B.Jundz. | Fl. Lit. Inch. 78. 1782 |
| Atriplex recta | Schur | Enum. Pl. Transsilv. : 575 (1866) |
| Atriplex salina | Desf. | Journ. Bot. Agric. 1: 48. 1813 |
| Atriplex virgata | Scop. | Delic. Fl. Faun. Insubr. 2: 14 (1787) |
| Chenopodium angustifolium | (Sm.) E.H.L.Krause | Deutschl. Fl. (Sturm), ed. 2. 5: 177. 1901 |
| Chenopodium zosterifolium | Hook. | Fl. Bor.-Amer. 2: 127 (1838) |
| Atriplex oblongifolia var. patula | (L.) Westerl. | Linnaea 40: 169 1876 |
| Atriplex patula var. japonica | H.Lév. | Bull. Soc. Bot. France 51: 423 1904 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | common orache |
| English | spear orach |
| English | spear saltbush |
| English | spreading orach |
| English | spreading orache |
| Spanish | atriplex procumbens |
| Spanish | schizotheca patula |
| Spanish | chenopodium zosterifolium |
| Spanish | atriplex hastilifolia |
| Spanish | atriplex polymorpha |
| Spanish | atriplex nemorensis |
| Spanish | atriplex macrodira |
| Spanish | atriplex hastata subsp. patula |
| Spanish | atriplex angustifolia |
| Spanish | atriplex amana |
| Spanish | atriplex agrestis |
| Spanish | armuelle |
| Spanish | armuelle silvestre |
| Spanish | armuelles silvestres |
| Spanish | armuelle angosto |
| Spanish | armuelles angostos |
| Spanish | obione angustifolia |
| Spanish | teutiopsis patula |
| ab | Адәыҳампал |
| Arabic | رغل عماني |
| Arabic | رغل منفتح |
| Belarusian | Лябеднік раскідзісты |
| Catalan | arroche étalée |
| Catalan | blet moll |
| Catalan | salat de fulla estreta |
| Czech | lebeda rozkladitá |
| Welsh | llygwyn culddail |
| Danish | svine-mælde |
| German | ausgebreitete melde |
| German | gemeine melde |
| German | gewöhnliche melde |
| German | ruten melde |
| German | ruten-melde |
| German | spreizende melde |
| German | spreizmelde |
| German | arroche étalée |
| German | chenopodium angustifolium (sm.) e.h.l. krause |
| German | atriplex amana |
| German | teutiopsis patula |
| German | schizotheca patula |
| German | atriplex procumbens |
| German | atriplex erecta |
| German | atriplex virgata |
| German | atriplex salina |
| German | atriplex nemorensis |
| German | atriplex macrodira |
| German | atriplex hastata var. patula |
| German | atriplex hastata subsp. patula |
| German | atriplex angustifolia |
| German | atriplex agrestis |
| Estonian | harilik malts |
| Finnish | kylämaltsa |
| Finnish | peltomaltsa |
| French | arroche à larges feuilles |
| French | arroche à feuilles larges |
| French | arroche étalée |
| Upper Sorbian | prutojta łoboda |
| Icelandic | fjöruhriblaðka |
| Icelandic | akurhrímblaðka |
| Italian | atriplice erba-corregiola |
| Italian | erba corregiola |
| Japanese | セイヨウハマアカザ |
| Kabyle | asikun |
| Lithuanian | arroche étalée |
| Latvian | izplestā balodene |
| Norwegian Bokmål | svinemelde |
| Dutch | uitstaande melde |
| Polish | Łoboda rozłożysta |
| Portuguese | armoles |
| Russian | Лебеда раскидистая |
| Slovak | loboda konáristá |
| Slovenian | loboda konarista |
| Slovenian | navadna loboda |
| Swedish | gårdmålla |
| Swedish | vägmålla |
| Swedish | arroche étalée |
| Ukrainian | Лутига розлога |
| Chinese | 草地滨藜 cao di bin li |
| Chinese | 草地滨藜 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Atriplex patula subsp. austroafricana | Aellen | |
| Atriplex patula subsp. verreauxii | (Moq.) Aellen |
Germination/Propagation Top
Suggest a correction or add new data!
No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
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Africa click to expand
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Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000556421 |
| UNII | 81C47Q1Q1E |
| Canadensys | 4484 |
| USDA Plants | ATPA4 |
| Tropicos | 7200006 |
| INPN | 85102 |
| Flora of Italy | 491 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:26419-2 |
| The Plant List | kew-2665629 |
| PFAF | Atriplex patula |
| PaleoBotany | 112114 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 892387 |
| Observations.org | 6405 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 3551 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000003111 |
| Nature Serve | 2.140205 |
| IPNI | 26419-2 |
| iNaturalist | 60175 |
| GBIF | 3083728 |
| Freebase | /m/04g1_8c |
| WisFlora | 2701 |
| EPPO | ATXPA |
| EOL | 587146 |
| Elurikkus | 3007 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 996 |
| USDA GRIN | 6034 |
| Wikipedia | Atriplex_patula |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |