Campanula rotundifolia - Unknown
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Internal ID UUID64402c579c120924399165
Scientific name Campanula rotundifolia
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 163 (1753)

Description Top

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Campanula rotundifolia, commonly known as the harebell, Scottish bluebell, or bluebell of Scotland, is a species of flowering plant in the bellflower family Campanulaceae. It is found throughout the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere and is the floral emblem of Sweden. It produces its violet-blue, bell-shaped flowers in late summer and autumn. The Latin specific epithet rotundifolia means "round leaved". It is pollinated by bees, but can self-pollinate. It is found in dry, nutrient-poor grasslands and heaths and is a host of at least three species of pathogenic fungi. It is dedicated to Saint Dominic and was named the county flower of Yorkshire in the United Kingdom. It has been referenced in literature by William Shakespeare, Christina Rossetti, and Emily Dickinson.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Rapunculus esculentus Fl.Dan. ex Steud. Nomencl. Bot. , ed. 2, 2: 437 (1841)
Campanula allophylla Raf. ex A.DC. Monogr. Campan. : 282 (1830)
Campanula angustifolia Lam. Tabl. Encycl. 2: 53 (1796)
Campanula antirrhina Schleich. Cat. Pl. Helv. , ed. 3: 10 (1815)
Campanula arcuata var. subrhomboidalis Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 445. 1866
Campanula asturica Podlech Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 213 (1970)
Campanula balcanica f. racemosa (Krašan) Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 241 1934
Campanula bielzii Schur Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853)
Campanula bocconei Vill. Hist. Pl. Dauphiné 1: 304 (1786)
Campanula caballeroi Sennen & Losa Diagn. Nouv. : 276 (1936)
Campanula carnica var. racemosa Krašan Mitt. Naturwiss. Vereines Steiermark 24: 58. 1887
Campanula cespitosa var. bocconei (Vill.) Steud. Nomencl. Bot. ed. 2, 1: 266. 1840
Campanula chinganensis A.I.Baranov Phyton (Horn) 6: 57 (1955)
Campanula confertifolia Reut. ex Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 2: 479. 1879 [Oct 1879]
Campanula decloetiana Ortm. Beitr. Gesammten Natur- Heilwiss. 3: 220 (1838)
Campanula diversifolia Dumort. Fl. Belg. : 58 (1827)
Campanula filiformis Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 53 (1781)
Campanula heterodoxa Vest Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis [Roemer & Schultes] 5: 98. 1819 [Dec 1819]
Campanula heterophylla Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. 2: 408 (1821 publ. 1822)
Campanula hostii Baumg. Enum. Stirp. Transsilv. 3: 342 (1817)
Campanula inconcessa Schott, Nyman & Kotschy Analect. Bot. : 10 (1854)
Campanula juncea Hill Veg. Syst. , ed. 8: 14 (1765)
Campanula lanceolata Lapeyr. Hist. Pl. Pyrénées : 105 (1813)
Campanula langsdorffiana (A.DC.) Fisch. ex Trautv. & C.A.Mey. Reise Sibir. 1(2; 3): 60 1856
Campanula legionensis Pau Cavanillesia 1: 65 (1928)
Campanula linifolia var. heterodoxa (Vest) Ledeb. Fl. Ross. 2: 888 (1846)
Campanula linifolia var. langsdorffiana A.DC. Monogr. Campan. : 279 (1830)
Campanula linifolia f. langsdorffiana (A.DC.) Voss Vilm. Blumengartn. ed. 3 1: 566 1894
Campanula linifolia var. major Timb.-Lagr. Mem. Acad. Sci. Toulouse sér. 7, 5: 269. 1873
Campanula linifolia var. tenuifolia Timb.-Lagr. Mem. Acad. Sci. Toulouse sér. 7, 5: 269. 1873
Campanula lobata Schloss. & Vuk. Fl. Croat. : 949 (1869)
Campanula lostritti Ten. Syll. Pl. Fl. Neapol. : 96 (1831)
Campanula marchesettii var. calisii (Murr) Dalla Torre & Sarnth. Fl. Tirol 3: 440 1912
Campanula minor Lam. Fl. Franç. 3: 339 (1779)
Campanula minuta Savi Cent. Fl. Etrusc. 2: 54 (1804)
Campanula paenina Reut. ex Tissière Guide Bot. St.-Bernard : 63 (1868)
Campanula pennica Reut. ex Payot Bull. Soc. Bot. France 29(Rev. Bibliogr.): 43 (1882)
Campanula pennina Reut. Compt.-Rend. Trav. Soc. Hallér. 1854-1856: 115 (1855)
Campanula pseudovaldensis Schur Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 47 (1853)
Campanula pusilla f. lobata (Schloss. & Vuk.) Vuk. Rad Jugoslav. Akad. Znan. 57: 93 1881
Campanula reboudiana Gren. & Godr. Fl. France 2: 415 (1853)
Campanula rhomboidalis var. lanceolata (Lapeyr.) Loisel. Fl. Gall. ed. 2, 1: 141. 1828
Campanula rotunda Gilib. Fl. Lit. Inch. 1: 46 (1781)
Campanula rotundifolia var. albiflora G.Don Gen. Hist. 3: 759 1834
Campanula rotundifolia var. angustifolia (Lam.) Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste 602. 1911
Campanula rotundifolia var. angustissima Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444. 1866
Campanula rotundifolia var. bielziana Schur Enum. Pl. Transsilv. 444. 1866
Campanula rotundifolia var. bocconei (Vill.) Lapeyr. Hist. Pl. Pyrenées 104. 1813
Campanula rotundifolia f. borhidiana Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 366 1966
Campanula rotundifolia var. bulgarica Nejceff God. Sofijsk. Univ. 2: 140 (1906)
Campanula rotundifolia var. calisii Murr Deutsche Bot. Monatsschr. 17: 84. 1899
Campanula rotundifolia f. calvescens Witasek ex Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste 603 1911
Campanula rotundifolia var. confertifolia Reut. Cat. Pl. Vasc. Genève ed. 2: 139. 1861
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. confertifolia (Reut.) Witasek ex Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste 605. 1911 (1911)
Campanula rotundifolia var. delitschiana Kuntze Taschen-Fl. Leipzig 128. 1867
Campanula rotundifolia f. elata Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 165 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. euxina Velen. Fl. Bulg. Suppl. 1: 185. 1898
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. euxina (Velen.) Hayek Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 30(2): 538. 1930 (1930)
Campanula rotundifolia var. flexuosa C.Vicioso Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 6(2): 79. 1946
Campanula rotundifolia f. frondosa Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. glabra Lapeyr. Hist. Pl. Pyrenées 104. 1813
Campanula rotundifolia f. glabrescens Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 1930
Campanula rotundifolia f. graminifolia (Hruby) Sigunov Glasn. Prir. Muz. Beogradu, C 10: 20, without basionym ref. 1977
Campanula rotundifolia var. heterodoxa Kurtz Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 19: 391 (1894)
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. heterodoxa (Vest) Tacik Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 17: 233 (1971)
Campanula rotundifolia var. hirta Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. ed. 3, 2: 155. 1826
Campanula rotundifolia f. hirta Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 157 1930
Campanula rotundifolia f. hrubyana Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 365 1966
Campanula rotundifolia f. laevis Guin. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 72 1942
Campanula rotundifolia var. langsdorffiana (A.DC.) Britton Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 5: 309 (1894)
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. langsdorffiana (Fisch. ex Trautv. & C.A.Mey.) Vodop. Vysokogornaya Fl. Stanovogo Nagor'ya : 139 (1972)
Campanula rotundifolia f. latifrons Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 158 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. laxiflora Beck Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1105. 1893
Campanula rotundifolia var. legionensis (Pau) Lacaita Cavanillesia 3: 23 1930
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. legionensis (Pau) M.Laínz Bol. Inst. Estud. Asturianos, Supl. Ci. 16: 191 (1973)
Campanula rotundifolia var. lineariifolia (Dumort.) Hayek Fl. Steiermark 2: 452. 1912
Campanula rotundifolia f. luxurians Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 1930
Campanula rotundifolia f. micranthoides Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 365 1966
Campanula rotundifolia var. minor Witasek ex Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste 604. 1911
Campanula rotundifolia f. nejceffii Hayek Feddes Repert. Beih. 30(2): 538 1930
Campanula rotundifolia f. normalis Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 157 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. ovata Peterm. Anal. Pfl.-Schlüss. 272. 1846
Campanula rotundifolia f. ovata (Peterm.) Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 1930
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. paenina (Reut. ex Tissière) Witasek ex Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste 606. 1911 (1911)
Campanula rotundifolia var. papillifera Savul. Stud. Sp. Campanula 18. 1916
Campanula rotundifolia var. papillosa Beyer Verh. Bot. Vereins Prov. Brandenburg 58: 118. 1917
Campanula rotundifolia var. parviflora Lej. Comp. Fl. Belg. 1: 181 1828
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pedemontana Witasek ex Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste 604. 1911 (1911)
Campanula rotundifolia var. pennina (Reut.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 479. 1879
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. pennina (Reut.) Witasek ex Vacc. Cat. Pl. Vall. Aoste 606. 1911 (1911)
Campanula rotundifolia var. pubescens Gaudin Fl. Helv. 2: 144. 1828
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. racemosa (Krašan) Hayek Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 6: 353 1916
Campanula rotundifolia var. reflexa Syr. Ill. Fl. Mosk. Gub. 3: 221. 1910
Campanula rotundifolia var. saxatilis Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 170. 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. scabriuscula Mert. & W.D.J.Koch Deutschl. Fl. ed. 3, 2: 155. 1826
Campanula rotundifolia f. scabriuscula (Mert. & W.D.J.Koch) Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. scopulicola Lamotte Prodr. Fl. Plat. Centr. 503. 1881
Campanula rotundifolia f. serpentini Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 33: 130 1934
Campanula rotundifolia f. silvicola Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 1930
Campanula rotundifolia f. soldanelliflora Voss Vilm. Blumengartn. ed. 3 1: 567 1894
Campanula rotundifolia var. soldanelliflora (Voss) L.H.Bailey Cycl. Amer. Hort. 232 1900
Campanula rotundifolia var. solstitialis (A.Kern.) Beck Fl. Nieder-Osterreich 2: 1105. 1893
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. solstitialis (A.Kern.) Hayek Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 6: 353. 1916 (1916)
Campanula rotundifolia var. stricta Schumach. Enum. Pl. 1: 69. 1801
Campanula rotundifolia f. subcongesta Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 174 1930
Campanula rotundifolia f. subhirta Soó Acta Bot. Acad. Sci. Hung. 12: 365 1966
Campanula rotundifolia f. subracemosa Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 1930
Campanula rotundifolia f. subverruculosa Guin. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 89: 72 1942
Campanula rotundifolia f. tenerrima Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 171 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. tenuifolia (Hoffm.) Opiz Seznam 24 1852
Campanula rotundifolia f. umbrosa Hruby Magyar Bot. Lapok 29: 170 1930
Campanula rotundifolia var. velutina DC. Fl. Franç. éd. 3, 6: 432. 1815
Campanula rotundifolia var. verlotii Rouy Fl. France 10: 79. 1908
Campanula rotundifolia var. vulgaris Neilr. Fl. Nied.-Oesterr. 449. 1858
Campanula scheuchzeri var. heterodoxa (Vest) A.Gray Syn. Fl. N. Amer. 2(1): 12 (1878)
Campanula solstitialis A.Kern. Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 38: 669 (1888)
Campanula tenuifolia Hoffm. Deutschl. Fl. Bot. Taschenb. 1: 100 (1791)
Campanula tracheliifolia Losa ex Sennen Diagn. Nouv. : 274 (1936)
Campanula urbionensis Rivas Mart. & G.Navarro Opusc. Bot. Pharm. Complut. 5: 65 (1989)
Campanula variifolia Salisb. Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton : 126 (1796)
Campanula wiedmannii Podlech Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 8: 213 (1970)
Depierrea campanuloides Schltdl. Linnaea 16: 374 (1842)
Campanula grammosepala var. cardiophylla Vuk. Linnaea 26: 324. 1854
Campanula grammosepala var. spathiphylla Vuk. Linnaea 26: 324. 1854
Campanula hostii var. uniflora A.DC. Monogr. Campan. 277. 1830
Campanula rotundifolia subsp. linifolia Lapeyr. Hist. Pl. Pyrenées 104. 1813 (1813)
Campanula rotundifolia var. decloetiana (Ortmann) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 479 1879
Campanula rotundifolia var. hostii (Baumg.) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 479. 1879
Campanula scheuchzeri var. inconcessa (Schott, Nyman & Kotschy) Nyman Consp. Fl. Eur. 479. 1879
Campanula rotundifolia var. lubiciana Zalewski Kosmos (Lvov) 5/6: 16 (1896)
Campanula scheuchzeri subsp. lanceolata (Lapeyr.) J.-M.Tison Biocosme Mésogéen 27: 113 (2010)
Campanula langsdorffiana (DC.) Trautv. & C.A.Mey. Reise Sibir. 1(2; 3): 60 (1856)
Campanula rotundifolia var. albiflora G.Don Gen. Hist. 3: 759 (1834)
Campanula tenuifolia Mart.
Campanula rotundifolia var. altitatrica Tacik Fragm. Florist. Geobot. 17: 231 (1971)

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English american harebell
English bluebell bellflower
English bluebell of scotland
English scottish bluebell
English harebell
Spanish campanillas de cantil
Spanish campanillas de hojas redondeadas
Arabic جريس مستدير الأوراق
Belarusian званочак круглалісты
Belarusian палявыя чаравічкі
Belarusian баравая звонка
Belarusian званкі
Bulgarian кръглолистна камбанка
Czech zvonek okrouhlolistý
Welsh clychau'r eos
Danish blåklokke
Danish liden klokke
Danish blå-klokke
German gewöhnliche rundblättrige glockenblume
German rundblatt-glockenblume
German rundblättrige glockenblume
Estonian ümaralehine kellukas
Persian گل استکانی گرد اسکاتلندی
Finnish kissankello
French campanule à feuilles rondes
frr blä huder
Irish méaracán gorm
Hungarian kereklevelű harangvirág
Icelandic bláklukka
Japanese イトシャジン
Cornish klegh an eos
Lithuanian apskritalapis katilėlis
Norwegian Bokmål blåklokke
Dutch grasklokje
Norwegian Nynorsk blåklokke
Norwegian Nynorsk blåklokka
nv dahiitį́hídą́ą́ʼ dootłʼizhígíí
Polish dzwonek okrągłolistny
Russian Колокольчик круглолистный
sco bluebell
se biellorássi
se divgarássi
se alitbiellu
Slovak zvonček okrúhlolistý
smn čuovjiskiällurääsi
smn säpligtivgâ
smn kisákiällu
sms kaazzǩiõlluž
Swedish blåklocka
Swedish fingarhattar
Swedish liten blåklocka
Ukrainian Дзвоники круглолисті
Chinese 圓葉風鈴草

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Asia-temperate
    • China
      • Inner Mongolia
      • Manchuria
    • Russian Far East
      • Amur
      • Kamchatka
      • Khabarovsk
      • Kuril Islands
      • Magadan
      • Primorye
      • Sakhalin
    • Siberia
      • Altay
      • Buryatiya
      • Chita
      • Irkutsk
      • Krasnoyarsk
      • Tuva
      • West Siberia
      • Yakutskiya
  • Europe
    • Eastern Europe
      • Baltic States
      • Belarus
      • Central European Russia
      • East European Russia
      • North European Russia
      • Northwest European Russia
      • South European Russia
      • Ukraine
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Hungary
      • Netherlands
      • Poland
      • Switzerland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Finland
      • Føroyar
      • Great Britain
      • Iceland
      • Ireland
      • Norway
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Albania
      • Bulgaria
      • Italy
      • Romania
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
      • Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000828550
Canadensys 4171
USDA Plants CARO2
Tropicos 5501631
INPN 87720
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30036649-2
The Plant List kew-365918
Missouri Botanical Garden 278849
Open Tree Of Life 667590
Observations.org 6518
NCBI Taxonomy 239422
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000004288
Nature Serve 2.159272
IPNI 30036649-2
iNaturalist 62312
GBIF 5410907
Freebase /m/051tbb
WisFlora 2860
EPPO CMPRO
EOL 577770
Elurikkus 3339
Calflora (Californian flora) 1464
USDA GRIN 8780
Wikipedia Campanula_rotundifolia

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Land‐use affects pollinator‐specific resource availability and pollinator foraging behaviour Birkenbach M, Straub F, Kiesel A, Ayasse M, Wilfert L, Kuppler J Ecol Evol 07-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10918743
doi:10.1002/ece3.11061
PMID:38455145
Chemical Characterization and Biological Properties Assessment of Euphorbia resinifera and Euphorbia officinarum Moroccan Propolis Boutoub O, El-Guendouz S, Matos I, El Ghadraoui L, Costa MC, Carlier JD, Faleiro ML, Figueiredo AC, Estevinho LM, Miguel MG Antibiotics (Basel) 29-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10967480
doi:10.3390/antibiotics13030230
PMID:38534665
Tracking Phenological Changes over 183 Years in Endemic Species of a Mediterranean Mountain (Sierra Nevada, SE Spain) Using Herbarium Specimens Rondinel-Mendoza KV, Lorite J, Marín-Rodulfo M, Cañadas EM Plants (Basel) 14-Feb-2024
PMCID:PMC10892450
doi:10.3390/plants13040522
PMID:38498521
Which Plant Species for Green Roofs in the Mediterranean Environment? Leotta L, Toscano S, Romano D Plants (Basel) 27-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10708222
doi:10.3390/plants12233985
PMID:38068621
Morphometric Characteristics and Genetic Issr Marker Variability in Rhodiola rosea L. (Crassulaceae) in Different Ecological and Geographic Conditions in the Altai Republic Dorogina OV, Kuban IN, Achimova AA, Williams N, Lashchinskiy NN, Zhmud EV Int J Mol Sci 16-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10607822
doi:10.3390/ijms242015224
PMID:37894905
The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ PLoS One 04-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10602594
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:37792900
An annotated nomenclatural checklist of endemic vascular plants distributed in the Ukrainian Carpathians Novikov A Biodivers Data J 11-Aug-2023
PMCID:PMC10848708
doi:10.3897/BDJ.11.e103921
PMID:38327305
An elevational gradient in floral traits and pollinator assemblages in the Neotropical species Costus guanaiensis var. tarmicus in Peru Maguiña‐Conde R, Zuñiga‐Rivas D, Kay KM Ecol Evol 28-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10375365
doi:10.1002/ece3.10314
PMID:37529588
Does pollinator dependence decrease along elevational gradients? Xu YW, Sun L, Ma R, Gao YQ, Sun H, Song B Plant Divers 04-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10435910
doi:10.1016/j.pld.2023.03.006
PMID:37601546
Estimates of biomass reductions of ozone sensitive herbaceous plants in California Kaylor SD, Taylor SJ, Herrick JD Sci Total Environ 29-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10543089
doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163134
PMID:37001658
Restoration of Vegetation Greenness and Possible Changes in Mature Forest Communities in Two Forests Damaged by the Vaia Storm in Northern Italy Giupponi L, Leoni V, Pedrali D, Giorgi A Plants (Basel) 19-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10059996
doi:10.3390/plants12061369
PMID:36987057
No species loss, but pronounced species turnover in grasslands in the Northern Alps over 25 years Schwaiger H, Lenzer B, Essl F Appl Veg Sci 18-Dec-2022
PMCID:PMC10107162
doi:10.1111/avsc.12700
PMID:37082134
Animal board invited review: Grassland-based livestock farming and biodiversity Fraser MD, Vallin HE, Roberts BP Animal 01-Dec-2022
PMCID:PMC9763128
doi:10.1016/j.animal.2022.100671
PMID:36436479
Scrub encroachment promotes biodiversity in temperate European wetlands under eutrophic conditions Brunbjerg AK, Fløjgaard C, Frøslev TG, Andersen DK, Bruun HH, Dalby L, Goldberg I, Lehmann LJ, Moeslund JE, Ejrnæs R Ecol Evol 01-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9627074
doi:10.1002/ece3.9445
PMID:36340817
Polyploidy: its consequences and enabling role in plant diversification and evolution Heslop-Harrison JS, Schwarzacher T, Liu Q Ann Bot 25-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9904344
doi:10.1093/aob/mcac132
PMID:36282971

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Organic oxygen compounds / Organooxygen compounds / Carbohydrates and carbohydrate conjugates / Glycosyl compounds / O-glycosyl compounds
6-Methyl-4-[3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoxane-2,3,5-triol 13991148 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O 326.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579785
Gal(b1-3)a-Rha 91847171 Click to see CC1C(C(C(C(O1)O)O)OC2C(C(C(C(O2)CO)O)O)O)O 326.30 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579785
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Cinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids and derivatives / Hydroxycinnamic acids
3-(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoic acid 709 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)O)O 194.18 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579785
3,4-Dihydroxy cinnamic acid 2518 Click to see C1=CC(=C(C=C1C=CC(=O)O)O)O 180.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579785
4-Hydroxycinnamic acid 322 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)O)O 164.16 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579785
Ferulic acid 445858 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)O)O 194.18 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579785
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Coumarins and derivatives / Hydroxycoumarins / 6,7-dihydroxycoumarins
Esculetin 5281416 Click to see C1=CC(=O)OC2=CC(=C(C=C21)O)O 178.14 unknown https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00579785

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