Cirsium vulgare
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents
Details Top
| Internal ID | UUID643fce794a1fb500648362 |
| Scientific name | Cirsium vulgare |
| Authority | (Savi) Ten. |
| First published in | Fl. Napol. 5: 209 |
Description Top
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Cirsium vulgare, commonly known as spear thistle, bull thistle, or common thistle, is a species of the Asteraceae genus Cirsium native to Europe, Western Asia, and northwestern Africa. It is also naturalised in North America, Africa, and Australia and is an invasive weed in some areas. It is the national flower of Scotland and provides a great deal of nectar for pollinators. It is a tall biennial or short-lived monocarpic thistle, forming a rosette of leaves and a taproot up to 70 cm long in the first year, and a flowering stem 1–1.5 m tall in the second (rarely third or fourth) year. It is often a ruderal species, colonising bare disturbed ground, but also persists well on heavily grazed land as it is unpalatable to most grazing animals. It is designated an "injurious weed" under the UK Weeds Act 1959, and a noxious weed in Australia and in nine US states. Despite this label, the plant has beneficial qualities beyond its very high nectar production, such as providing food for pollinators and pest-eating birds, and being used in cheese-making. It is also featured
Synonyms Top
| Scientific name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Cirsium lanceolatum | (L.) Scop. | Flora Carniolica 2 1772 |
| Cnicus strigosus | Hoffmanns. & Link | Hoffmanns. & Link, Fl. Portug. 2. 1825. 191 1825 |
| Cirsium vulgare | (Savi) Petr. | Cirsioth. Univ. Fasc. 4: No. 33. 1912 , nomen provis.; Airy-Shaw in Fedde, Repert. xliii. 303, in adnot., 304 (1938) |
| Cirsium firmum | (C.Presl) Arcang. | Arcang.. 1894. 722 1894 |
| Carduus vulgaris | Savi | Fl. Pis. ii. 241 (1798) |
| Cirsium vulgare subsp. silvaticum | (Tausch) Dostál | |
| Cirsium lanceolatum subsp. sylvaticum | (Tausch) Arènes | |
| Ascalea lanceolata | (L.) Hill | Herb. Brit. 1: 72. 1769. |
| Cirsium lanceolatum var. abyssinicum | (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Chiov. | Annuario Reale Ist. Bot. Roma 8: 194. 1904. |
| Cirsium lanceolatum var. rhiphaeum | Pau & Font Quer | |
| Cirsium lanceolatum var. hypoleucum | DC. | Prodr. 6 636 1837 |
| Cnicus lanceolatus var. abyssinicus | (Sch.Bip. ex A.Rich.) Vatke | Linnaea 39: 510. 1875. |
| Cirsium microcephalum | Lange | Ind. Sem. Hort. Havn. 1854: 22. |
| Cirsium lanceolatum var. vulgare | Nägeli ex K.Koch | Syn. Pl. (ed. 2) 990 1843 |
| Cirsium lanceolatum var. nemorale | Nägeli ex K.Koch | Syn. Pl. (ed. 2) 990 1843 |
Common names Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Language | Common/alternative name |
|---|---|
| English | spear thistle |
| English | common thistle |
| English | bull thistle |
| English | scottish thistle |
| Arabic | قصوان شائع |
| Azerbaijani | adi qanqal |
| Belarusian | Дзядоўнік калючы |
| Belarusian | Бадзяк звычайны |
| Belarusian | Чартапалох |
| Bulgarian | обикновена паламида |
| Catalan | lloba-carda |
| Catalan | cirse commun |
| Czech | pcháč obecný |
| Welsh | marchysgallen |
| Danish | horsetidsel |
| Danish | horse-tidsel |
| German | gewöhnliche kratzdistel |
| German | lanzett-kratzdistel |
| German | lanzettkratzdistel |
| German | lanzettblättrige kratzdistel |
| German | gemeine kratzdistel |
| German | cirse commun |
| diq | kengerê heran |
| Estonian | tuliohakas |
| Estonian | carduus lanceolatus |
| Basque | astakardo |
| Persian | کنگر |
| Finnish | piikkiohdake |
| French | cirse commun |
| frr | prüket fisel |
| Irish | feochadán colgach |
| Hebrew | קוצן פשוט |
| Hungarian | közönséges aszat |
| Hungarian | lándzsás aszat |
| Armenian | Տատասկ սովորական |
| Indonesian | waga-waga |
| Japanese | アメリカオニアザミ |
| Cornish | marghaskall |
| Cornish | marghaskallen |
| Lithuanian | dygioji usnis |
| Lithuanian | cirse commun |
| Latvian | asais dadzis |
| Macedonian | обична паламида |
| Macedonian | обична бодлика |
| Malayalam | സിർസിയം വൾഗറെ |
| Norwegian Bokmål | veitistel |
| Dutch | speerdistel |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | vegtistel |
| nv | azeeʼ hókániitsoh |
| Polish | ostrożeń lancetowaty |
| Romanian | pălămidă |
| Romanian | pălănidă |
| Russian | бодяк обыкновенный |
| Slovak | pichliač obyčajný |
| Swedish | bolmtistel |
| Swedish | cirse commun |
| Swedish | horntistel |
| Swedish | vägtistel |
| udm | Льӧльйӧны |
| Ukrainian | бодяк звичайний |
| Ukrainian | будяк звичайний |
| vep | bod'ug |
| Chinese | 翼薊 |
| Chinese | 欧洲蓟 |
| Chinese | 歐洲薊 |
| Chinese | 翼蓟 |
Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Cirsium vulgare subsp. crinitum | (Boiss. ex DC.) Arènes | Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. Vasc. 1: 21. 1948 (1948) |
| Cirsium vulgare subsp. silvaticum | (Tausch) Arènes | Bull. Soc. Franç. Échange Pl. Vasc. 1: 21. 1948 (1947 publ. 1948) |
| Cirsium vulgare subsp. vulgare |
Varieties (abbr. var.) Top
Add a new one! Suggest a correction!| Name | Authority | First published in |
|---|---|---|
| Cirsium vulgare var. litorale | P.D.Sell | Fl. Gr. Brit. Ireland 4: 531 (77) (2006) |
| Cirsium vulgare var. vulgare |
Germination/Propagation Top
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No germination or propagation data was added yet.
Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top
Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
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Africa click to expand
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Macaronesia
- Azores
- Canary Islands
- Madeira
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Northeast Tropical Africa
- Ethiopia
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Northern Africa
- Algeria
- Morocco
- Tunisia
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Southern Africa
- Cape Provinces
- Free State
- Kwazulu-Natal
- Lesotho
- Northern Provinces
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Western Indian Ocean
- Réunion
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Macaronesia
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Asia-temperate click to expand
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Arabian Peninsula
- Saudi Arabia
- Yemen
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Caucasus
- North Caucasus
- Transcaucasus
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China
- Xinjiang
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Eastern Asia
- Korea
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Middle Asia
- Kazakhstan
- Kirgizstan
- Tadzhikistan
- Turkmenistan
- Uzbekistan
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Russian Far East
- Kuril Islands
- Primorye
- Sakhalin
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Siberia
- Altay
- Krasnoyarsk
- Tuva
- West Siberia
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Western Asia
- Afghanistan
- Cyprus
- East Aegean Islands
- Iran
- Iraq
- Lebanon-Syria
- Palestine
- Turkey
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Arabian Peninsula
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Asia-tropical click to expand
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Indian Subcontinent
- Pakistan
- West Himalaya
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Indian Subcontinent
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Australasia click to expand
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Australia
- New South Wales
- Norfolk Island
- Queensland
- South Australia
- Tasmania
- Victoria
- Western Australia
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New Zealand
- Chatham Islands
- Kermadec Islands
- New Zealand North
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Australia
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Europe click to expand
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Eastern Europe
- Baltic States
- Belarus
- Central European Russia
- East European Russia
- Krym
- North European Russia
- Northwest European Russia
- South European Russia
- Ukraine
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Middle Europe
- Austria
- Belgium
- Czechoslovakia
- Germany
- Hungary
- Netherlands
- Poland
- Switzerland
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Northern Europe
- Denmark
- Finland
- Great Britain
- Ireland
- Norway
- Sweden
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Southeastern Europe
- Albania
- Bulgaria
- Greece
- Italy
- Kriti
- Romania
- Sicilia
- Turkey-in-Europe
- Yugoslavia
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Southwestern Europe
- Baleares
- Corse
- France
- Portugal
- Sardegna
- Spain
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Eastern Europe
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Northern America click to expand
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Eastern Canada
- New Brunswick
- Newfoundland
- Nova Scotia
- Ontario
- Prince Edward Island
- Québec
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Mexico
- Mexico Northwest
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North-central U.S.A.
- Illinois
- Iowa
- Kansas
- Minnesota
- Missouri
- Nebraska
- North Dakota
- Oklahoma
- South Dakota
- Wisconsin
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Northeastern U.S.A.
- Connecticut
- Indiana
- Maine
- Massachusetts
- Michigan
- New Hampshire
- New Jersey
- New York
- Ohio
- Pennsylvania
- Rhode Island
- Vermont
- West Virginia
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Northwestern U.S.A.
- Colorado
- Idaho
- Montana
- Oregon
- Washington
- Wyoming
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South-central U.S.A.
- New Mexico
- Texas
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Southeastern U.S.A.
- Alabama
- Arkansas
- Delaware
- District Of Columbia
- Florida
- Georgia
- Kentucky
- Louisiana
- Maryland
- Mississippi
- North Carolina
- South Carolina
- Tennessee
- Virginia
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Southwestern U.S.A.
- Arizona
- California
- Nevada
- Utah
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Subarctic America
- Alaska
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Western Canada
- Alberta
- British Columbia
- Manitoba
- Saskatchewan
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Eastern Canada
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Pacific click to expand
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North-central Pacific
- Hawaii
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North-central Pacific
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Southern America click to expand
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Central America
- Guatemala
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Southern South America
- Juan Fernández Islands
- Uruguay
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Western South America
- Bolivia
- Colombia
- Ecuador
- Peru
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Central America
Links to other databases Top
Suggest others/fix!| Database | ID/link to page |
|---|---|
| World Flora Online | wfo-0000081703 |
| Florida Plant Atlas | 190 |
| Flora of Alabama | 650 |
| Canadensys | 3006 |
| USDA Plants | CIVU |
| Tropicos | 2700598 |
| INPN | 91430 |
| Flora of Italy | 5899 |
| KEW | urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:196191-1 |
| The Plant List | gcc-38246 |
| Open Tree Of Life | 597707 |
| Observations.org | 6614 |
| NCBI Taxonomy | 92907 |
| NBN Atlas | NBNSYS0000004490 |
| Nature Serve | 2.157401 |
| IPNI | 196191-1 |
| iNaturalist | 52989 |
| GBIF | 3112801 |
| Freebase | /m/02_mq7 |
| WisFlora | 3144 |
| FEIS | plants/forb/cirvul |
| EPPO | CIRVU |
| EOL | 468830 |
| Elurikkus | 3760 |
| Calflora (Californian flora) | 2151 |
| USDA GRIN | 104163 |
| Wikipedia | Cirsium_vulgare |
Genomes (via NCBI) Top
No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.
Scientific Literature Top
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Phytochemical Profile Top
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Collections Top
| In private collections | 0 |
| In public collections | 0 |