It has a deep taproot and a rosette of leaves with spiny margins. The flowers are bright blue, produced in a branched inflorescence.

Cichorium spinosum, commonly known as spiny chicory, is a species of flowering plant native to the Mediterranean region. It is a biennial or perennial plant that grows up to 20 cm (8 in) tall and has a deep taproot. Its leaves form a rosette and have spiny margins. The flowers are bright blue and are produced in a branched inflorescence. It is both collected in the wild and cultivated as a leafy green vegetable.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Acanthophyton spinosum	Less.	Syn. Gen. Compos. : 128 (1832)

Common names Top

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Language	Common/alternative name
Arabic	هندباء شوكية

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- Northern Africa
  - Libya

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Turkey

Europe click to expand
- Southeastern Europe
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Sicilia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Spain

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000081285
Tropicos	2733650
Flora of Italy	6158
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:194543-1
The Plant List	gcc-37837
Open Tree Of Life	485943
Observations.org	145557
NCBI Taxonomy	114282
IPNI	194543-1
iNaturalist	505249
GBIF	5392268
EPPO	CICSP
EOL	6239547
USDA GRIN	465448
Wikipedia	Cichorium_spinosum

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Seasonal and Geographic Dynamics in Bioproperties and Phytochemical Profile of Limonium algarvense Erben

Pereira CG, Rodrigues MJ, Nawrot-Hadzik I, Matkowski A, Custódio L

Molecules

18-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10818848
doi:	10.3390/molecules29020481
PMID:	38257394

Boosting plant food polyphenol concentration by saline eustress as supplement strategies for the prevention of metabolic syndrome: an example of randomized interventional trial in the adult population

Ferrantelli V, Vasto S, Alongi A, Sabatino L, Baldassano D, Caldarella R, Gagliano R, Di Rosa L, Consentino BB, Vultaggio L, Baldassano S

Front Nutr

22-Dec-2023

PMCID:	PMC10774224
doi:	10.3389/fnut.2023.1288064
PMID:	38196756

Ammonium to total nitrogen ratio affects the purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) growth, nutritional, and antioxidant status

Chrysargyris A, Hajisolomou E, Xylia P, Tzortzakis N

Heliyon

02-Nov-2023

PMCID:	PMC10661198
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21644
PMID:	38027987

Nutraceutical Potential of Leafy Vegetables Landraces at Microgreen, Baby, and Adult Stages of Development

Mallor C, Bertolín JR, Paracuellos P, Juan T

Foods

23-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10486669
doi:	10.3390/foods12173173
PMID:	37685105

Bitter Is Better: Wild Greens Used in the Blue Zone of Ikaria, Greece

Pieroni A, Morini G, Piochi M, Sulaiman N, Kalle R, Haq SM, Devecchi A, Franceschini C, Zocchi DM, Migliavada R, Prakofjewa J, Sartori M, Krigas N, Ahmad M, Torri L, Sõukand R

Nutrients

21-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10385191
doi:	10.3390/nu15143242
PMID:	37513661

Genome-Wide Datasets of Chicories (Cichorium intybus L.) for Marker-Assisted Crop Breeding Applications: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Draga S, Gabelli G, Palumbo F, Barcaccia G

Int J Mol Sci

19-Jul-2023

PMCID:	PMC10380310
doi:	10.3390/ijms241411663
PMID:	37511422

Combined Effect of Salt Stress and Nitrogen Level on the Primary Metabolism of Two Contrasting Hydroponically Grown Cichorium spinosum L. Ecotypes

Chatzigianni M, Savvas D, Papadopoulou EA, Aliferis KA, Ntatsi G

Biomolecules

28-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10136004
doi:	10.3390/biom13040607
PMID:	37189356

Effects of NaCl and CaCl2 as Eustress Factors on Growth, Yield, and Mineral Composition of Hydroponically Grown Valerianella locusta

Voutsinos-Frantzis O, Karavidas I, Petropoulos D, Zioviris G, Fortis D, Ntanasi T, Ropokis A, Karkanis A, Sabatino L, Savvas D, Ntatsi G

Plants (Basel)

26-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10097257
doi:	10.3390/plants12071454
PMID:	37050080

Determination of the Total Phenolics Content and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Parts of Plants from the Greek Island of Crete

Kalpoutzakis E, Chatzimitakos T, Athanasiadis V, Mitakou S, Aligiannis N, Bozinou E, Gortzi O, Skaltsounis LA, Lalas SI

Plants (Basel)

01-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC10005234
doi:	10.3390/plants12051092
PMID:	36903954

Salinity Stress Ameliorates Pigments, Minerals, Polyphenolic Profiles, and Antiradical Capacity in Lalshak

Sarker U, Hossain MN, Oba S, Ercisli S, Marc RA, Golokhvast KS

Antioxidants (Basel)

11-Jan-2023

PMCID:	PMC9855230
doi:	10.3390/antiox12010173
PMID:	36671036

Salt Eustress Induction in Red Amaranth (Amaranthus gangeticus) Augments Nutritional, Phenolic Acids and Antiradical Potential of Leaves

Sarker U, Ercisli S

Antioxidants (Basel)

09-Dec-2022

PMCID:	PMC9774578
doi:	10.3390/antiox11122434
PMID:	36552642

Metabolomic profiling of developing perilla leaves reveals the best harvest time

Chen J, Guo L, Yang G, Yang A, Zheng Y, Wang L

Front Plant Sci

30-Nov-2022

PMCID:	PMC9748349
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2022.989755
PMID:	36531401

Silicon Nanoparticle-Induced Regulation of Carbohydrate Metabolism, Photosynthesis, and ROS Homeostasis in Solanum lycopersicum Subjected to Salinity Stress

Alam P, Arshad M, Al-Kheraif AA, Azzam MA, Al Balawi T

ACS Omega

05-Sep-2022

PMCID:	PMC9475630
doi:	10.1021/acsomega.2c02586
PMID:	36120047

Medicinal Plants Used Traditionally for Skin Related Problems in the South Balkan and East Mediterranean Region—A Review

Tsioutsiou EE, Amountzias V, Vontzalidou A, Dina E, Stevanović ZD, Cheilari A, Aligiannis N

Front Pharmacol

05-Jul-2022

PMCID:	PMC9294246
doi:	10.3389/fphar.2022.936047
PMID:	35865952

Chorta (Wild Greens) in Central Crete: The Bio-Cultural Heritage of a Hidden and Resilient Ingredient of the Mediterranean Diet

Pieroni A, Sulaiman N, Sõukand R

Biology (Basel)

27-Apr-2022

PMCID:	PMC9138012
doi:	10.3390/biology11050673
PMID:	35625401

Phytochemical Profile Top

Add a new one!

Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.

Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Benzenoids / Phenols / 1-hydroxy-2-unsubstituted benzenoids
(4R)-3,4-Dihydrolactucopicrin	101232828	Click to see CC1=C2C(C(CC2=O)CO)C3C(C(C1)OC(=O)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(=C)C(=O)O3	412.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
[9-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyl-3-methylidene-2,7-dioxo-4,5,8,9,9a,9b-hexahydro-3aH-azuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl] 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate	162878816	Click to see CC1=C2C(C(CC2=O)CO)C3C(C(C1)OC(=O)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(=C)C(=O)O3	412.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Benzeneacetic acid, 4-hydroxy-,(3aR,4S,9aS,9bR)-2,3,3a,4,5,7,9a,9b-octahydro-9-(hydroxymethyl)-6-methyl-3-methylene-2,7-dioxoazuleno[4,5-b]furan-4-yl ester	3482908	Click to see CC1=C2C(C3C(C(C1)OC(=O)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=CC2=O)CO	410.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Lactupicrin	174880	Click to see CC1=C2C(C3C(C(C1)OC(=O)CC4=CC=C(C=C4)O)C(=C)C(=O)O3)C(=CC2=O)CO	410.40	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
> Benzenoids / Phenols / Methoxyphenols
Cichoriol A	86213870	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)C)O	404.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Cichoriol B	86213863	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)C)O	432.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Cichoriol C	86213877	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)C)O	446.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Cichoriol D	86213878	Click to see CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC(=C(C(=C1)OC)C)O	460.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Tigliane and ingenane diterpenoids
[(1R,2R,6S,10R,11R,13S,14R,15R)-13-acetyloxy-8-formyl-1-hydroxy-4,12,12,15-tetramethyl-5-oxo-14-tetracyclo[8.5.0.02,6.011,13]pentadeca-3,8-dienyl] 2-(methylamino)benzoate	162901456	Click to see CC1C(C2(C(C2(C)C)C3C1(C4C=C(C(=O)C4CC(=C3)C=O)C)O)OC(=O)C)OC(=O)C5=CC=CC=C5NC	521.60	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesterterpenoids / Scalarane sesterterpenoids
(4aR,6aR,6aS,8aR,12aS,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6a,8a,11,11,14b-octamethyl-2,4a,5,6,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-dodecahydro-1H-picen-3-one	392170	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(=O)CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)(C)C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
4,4,6a,8a,11,11,12b,14b-Octamethyl-1,4,4a,5,6,6a,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,12b,13,14,14a,14b-octadecahydro-3(2H)-picenone	500344	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(=O)CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)(C)C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Taraxerone	92785	Click to see CC1(CCC2(CC=C3C4(CCC5C(C(=O)CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1)C)C)(C)C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Triterpenoids
(18alpha,19alpha)-5alpha-Urs-20(30)-en-3-one	14485466	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
(4aR,6aS,6bS,8aR,11R,12S,12aR,14aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,12,14b-octamethyl-1,2,4a,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,12a,13,14,14a-tetradecahydropicen-3-one	101289675	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C4=CCC5C(C(=O)CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1C)C)C)(C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
(6aR,6bR,8aR,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-3-ol	145706026	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)O)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
[(4aR,6aS,6aR,6bR,8aR,12aS,14aS,14bR)-4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-3-yl] acetate	137704689	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)OC(=O)C)C	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
4,4,6a,6b,8a,12,14b-Heptamethyl-11-methylidene-1,2,3,4a,5,6,6a,7,8,9,10,12,12a,13,14,14a-hexadecahydropicen-3-ol	610148	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)O)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Bauerenol	111220	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C4=CCC5C(C(CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1C)C)C)O)(C)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Bauerenol	287684	Click to see CC1CCC2(CCC3(C4=CCC5C(C(CCC5(C4CCC3(C2C1C)C)C)O)(C)C)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, (3beta)-	521518	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Lup-20(29)-en-3-one	323075	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Lupenone	92158	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Lupeol	259846	Click to see CC(=C)C1CCC2(C1C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CC2)C)C)(C)C)O)C)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Taraxasterol	115250	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)O)C	426.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Taraxasterol, acetate	344468	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)OC(=O)C)C	468.80	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Taraxasterone	14485465	Click to see CC1C2C3CCC4C5(CCC(=O)C(C5CCC4(C3(CCC2(CCC1=C)C)C)C)(C)C)C	424.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylhept-3-en-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	122544	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol	22012	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G
Stigmasterol	5280794	Click to see CCC(C=CC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	412.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1021/JF025848G

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

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Cichorium spinosum

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top