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Centaurea nigra

Centaurea nigra - Unknown
Part: Unknown
Author: Public Domain - WikiMedia
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Table of Contents

Details
Description
Synonyms
Common Names
Subtypes (subspecies, varieties, subvarieties, forms)
Germination/Propagation
Distribution
Links to other databases
Genome
Scientific Literature
Phytochemical Profile
Biological Material
Contributors
Collections

Details Top

Internal ID UUID643fcb136346f692942874
Scientific name Centaurea nigra
Authority L.
First published in Sp. Pl. : 911 (1753)

Description Top

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Centaurea nigra, also known as lesser knapweed, common knapweed, or black knapweed, is a flowering plant in the Asteraceae family. It is native to Europe but has been introduced to other continents and is often considered a noxious weed. Despite this, it is a valuable source of nectar for pollinators and has been rated as one of the top producers of nectar and pollen in the UK. It grows up to a meter tall and has deeply lobed, hairy leaves. The inflorescence contains small bright purple flowers and the fruit is a hairy achene. It is an important food source for various wildlife, including birds, bees, and butterflies. It can be distinguished from similar species by its black or brown bristly phyllaries and tiny, dark pappus.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Phrygia nigra (L.) Gray Nat. Arr. Brit. Pl. ii. 442 (1821)
Centaurea nigra var. decipiens Bab. Man. Brit. Bot., ed. 7: 198 (1874)
Centaurea phrygia Lapeyr. ex Willk. & Lange Prodr. Fl. Hispan. 2(1): 164. 1865 [Dec 1865]
Centaurea pectinata var. fuscata Rouy
Centaurea jacea subsp. nigra (L.) Bonnier & Layens Bonnier & Layens. 1894. 180 1894
Centaurea nigra var. mairei Arènes

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English lesser knapweed
English hardhead
English hardhead knapweed
Spanish canamones
Spanish jacea nigra
Spanish aciano negro
Spanish cyanus pumilus
Spanish cyanus niger
Spanish jacea carpetana
Arabic قنطريون أسود
Czech chrpa černá
Welsh y bengaled
German schwarze flockenblume
Finnish mustakaunokki
Irish mínscoth
Croatian crnoresa zečina
Italian fiordaliso scuro
Japanese クロアザミ
Cornish paderow pronter
Lithuanian juodoji bajorė
Norwegian Bokmål svartknoppurt
Dutch zwart knoopkruid
Swedish svartklint
Chinese 黑矢车菊

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name Authority First published in
Centaurea nigra subsp. aterrima (Hayek) Hayek Verh. K. K. Zool.-Bot. Ges. Wien 68: 213. 1918 (1918)
Centaurea nigra subsp. carpetana (Boiss.) Malag. Subesp. Variación Geogr. 15, without basionym date. 1973
Centaurea nigra subsp. gueryi (Maire) Maire Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 15: 100 (1924)
Centaurea nigra subsp. nigra L.
Centaurea nigra subsp. rivularis (Brot.) Cout. Fl. Portugal : 655 (1913)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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No variety added yet.

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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Sow seeds at 20°C, expecting germination within 3 months without further temperature treatment.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Europe
    • Middle Europe
      • Austria
      • Belgium
      • Czechoslovakia
      • Germany
      • Netherlands
      • Poland
    • Northern Europe
      • Denmark
      • Great Britain
      • Ireland
      • Norway
      • Sweden
    • Southeastern Europe
      • Italy
      • Yugoslavia
    • Southwestern Europe
      • France
      • Portugal
      • Spain
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • New Brunswick
      • Newfoundland
      • Nova Scotia
      • Ontario
      • Prince Edward Island
      • Québec
    • North-central U.S.A.
      • Illinois
      • Iowa
      • Missouri
      • Wisconsin
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • Michigan
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Ohio
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
      • Vermont
      • West Virginia
    • Northwestern U.S.A.
      • Idaho
      • Montana
      • Oregon
      • Washington
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Delaware
      • Kentucky
      • Maryland
      • Virginia
    • Southwestern U.S.A.
      • California
    • Western Canada
      • British Columbia

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!
Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0000043513
Canadensys 2969
USDA Plants CENI2
Tropicos 2700467
INPN 89653
Flora of Italy 6052
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:191100-1
The Plant List gcc-142090
PFAF Centaurea nigra
PaleoBotany 68066
Open Tree Of Life 717413
NCBI Taxonomy 75633
NBN Atlas NBNSYS0000004506
Nature Serve 2.150184
IPNI 191100-1
iNaturalist 126575
GBIF 3128225
Freebase /m/05m_j01
WisFlora 3069
EPPO CENNI
EOL 467720
Elurikkus 3536
USDA GRIN 104128
Wikipedia Centaurea_nigra

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Standardising bee sampling: A systematic review of pan trapping and associated floral surveys Krahner A, Dietzsch AC, Jütte T, Pistorius J, Everaars J Ecol Evol 17-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10944983
doi:10.1002/ece3.11157
PMID:38500849
Water table depth and plant species determine the direction and magnitude of methane fluxes in floodplain meadow soils Peacock M, Lawson C, Gowing D, Gauci V Ecol Evol 10-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10925825
doi:10.1002/ece3.11147
PMID:38469053
Bumble bee microbiota shows temporal succession and increase of lactic acid bacteria when exposed to outdoor environments Weinhold A, Grüner E, Keller A Front Cell Infect Microbiol 04-Mar-2024
PMCID:PMC10945022
doi:10.3389/fcimb.2024.1342781
PMID:38500505
Defoliation and fertilisation differentially moderate root trait effects on soil abiotic and biotic properties Liu Y, Cordero I, Bardgett RD J Ecol 25-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10952586
doi:10.1111/1365-2745.14215
PMID:38516387
The most polyphagous insect herbivore? Host plant associations of the Meadow spittlebug, Philaenus spumarius (L.) Thompson V, Harkin C, Stewart AJ PLoS One 04-Oct-2023
PMCID:PMC10602594
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0291734
PMID:37792900
Are rare plant species less resistant than common ones to herbivores? A multi‐plant species study using above‐ and below‐ground generalist herbivores Bürli S, Ensslin A, Kempel A, Fischer M Ecol Evol 05-Sep-2023
PMCID:PMC10480044
doi:10.1002/ece3.10482
PMID:37674652
Interplant carbon and nitrogen transfers mediated by common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks: beneficial pathways for system functionality Luo X, Liu Y, Li S, He X Front Plant Sci 12-Jul-2023
PMCID:PMC10369077
doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1169310
PMID:37502701
Environment, subsistence strategies and settlement seasonality in the Negev Highlands (Israel) during the Bronze and Iron Ages: The palynological evidence Langgut D, Finkelstein I PLoS One 24-May-2023
PMCID:PMC10208521
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0285358
PMID:37224129
Long-term trends in yield variance of temperate managed grassland Macholdt J, Hadasch S, Macdonald A, Perryman S, Piepho HP, Scott T, Styczen ME, Storkey J Agron Sustain Dev 26-Apr-2023
PMCID:PMC10133363
doi:10.1007/s13593-023-00885-w
PMID:37124333
Floral enhancement of arable field margins increases moth abundance and diversity Blumgart D, Botham MS, Menéndez R, Bell JR J Insect Conserv 23-Mar-2023
PMCID:PMC10205847
doi:10.1007/s10841-023-00469-9
PMID:37234225
Accessing biological control genetic resources: the United States perspective Hoelmer KA, Sforza RF, Cristofaro M Biocontrol (Dordr) 01-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9891186
doi:10.1007/s10526-023-10179-5
PMID:36741683
Conserving diversity in Irish plant–pollinator networks Russo L, Fitzpatrick Ú, Larkin M, Mullen S, Power E, Stanley D, White C, O'Rourke A, Stout JC Ecol Evol 04-Oct-2022
PMCID:PMC9532247
doi:10.1002/ece3.9347
PMID:36225829
Long‐term effects of artificial nighttime lighting and trophic complexity on plant biomass and foliar carbon and nitrogen in a grassland community Anic V, Gaston KJ, Davies TW, Bennie J Ecol Evol 04-Aug-2022
PMCID:PMC9352868
doi:10.1002/ece3.9157
PMID:35949540
Establishment and management of wildflower areas for insect pollinators in commercial orchards Carvell C, Mitschunas N, McDonald R, Hulmes S, Hulmes L, O'Connor RS, Garratt MP, Potts SG, Fountain MT, Sadykova D, Edwards M, Nowakowski M, Pywell RF, Redhead JW Basic Appl Ecol 01-Feb-2022
PMCID:PMC8752464
doi:10.1016/j.baae.2021.11.001
PMID:35115899
Three Millennia of Vegetation, Land-Use, and Climate Change in SE Sicily Michelangeli F, Di Rita F, Celant A, Tisnérat-Laborde N, Lirer F, Magri D Forests 11-Jan-2022
PMCID:PMC8944197
doi:10.3390/f13010102
PMID:35909941

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
You can also contribute to this by clicking here.
Name PubChem ID Canonical SMILES MW Found in Proof
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Furanoid lignans / Tetrahydrofuran lignans / 9,9-epoxylignans / Dibenzylbutyrolactone lignans
Arctigenin 64981 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC2COC(=O)C2CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)OC 372.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00227-2
Matairesinol 119205 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC2COC(=O)C2CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)O)OC)O 358.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00227-2
> Lignans, neolignans and related compounds / Lignan glycosides
Arctiin 100528 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)CC2COC(=O)C2CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC)OC 534.60 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00227-2
Matairesinoside 486612 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)CC2COC(=O)C2CC3=CC(=C(C=C3)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC)O 520.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00227-2
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Ergostane steroids / Ergosterols and derivatives
5-Cholestene-3-ol, 24-methyl- 312822 Click to see CC(C)C(C)CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C 400.70 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/0378-8741(84)90002-3
> Organoheterocyclic compounds / Indoles and derivatives / Tryptamines and derivatives / Serotonins / N-acylserotonins
Moschamine 5969616 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)NCCC2=CNC3=C2C=C(C=C3)O)O 352.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(03)00144-8
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0305-1978(02)00227-2
N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide 340062 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C=CC(=O)NCCC2=CNC3=C2C=C(C=C3)O)O 352.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(03)00144-8
N-[2-(5-hydroxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)prop-2-enamide 340063 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)NCCC2=CNC3=C2C=C(C=C3)O)O 322.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(03)00144-8
N-Coumaroyl serotonin 5458879 Click to see C1=CC(=CC=C1C=CC(=O)NCCC2=CNC3=C2C=C(C=C3)O)O 322.40 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(03)00144-8
> Phenylpropanoids and polyketides / Flavonoids / Flavonoid glycosides / Flavonoid O-glycosides / Flavonoid-7-O-glycosides
Centaurein 5489090 Click to see COC1=C(C=C(C=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC)O)OC)O 522.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-013320-8.50007-1
Jacein 44259819 Click to see COC1=C(C=CC(=C1)C2=C(C(=O)C3=C(C(=C(C=C3O2)OC4C(C(C(C(O4)CO)O)O)O)OC)O)OC)O 522.50 unknown https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-013320-8.50007-1

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