Details Top

Internal ID UUID64404830dbdfd992464391
Scientific name Ilex glabra
Authority A.Gray
First published in Manual , ed. 2: 264 (1856)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Synonyms Top

Scientific name Authority First published in
Ennepta myricoides Raf. Sylva Tellur. : 52 (1838)
Prinos glaber L. Sp. Pl. : 330 (1753)
Ilex glabra var. austrina Ashe J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc. 40: 44 (1924)
Winterlia triflora Moench Methodus 74 1794
Winterlia glabra (L.) K.Koch Dendrologie 2(1): 225 1872

Common names Top

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Language Common/alternative name
English inkberry
Arabic بهشية مرداء
Persian خاس نرم
Chinese 光滑冬青

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Expose seeds to natural outdoor winter conditions for 3 months, then gradually increase light and temperature in the spring.
Requires Scarification: Scarification involves physically breaking, scratching, or softening the seed coat to allow water absorption and germination to occur. This can be done by nicking the seed coat with a knife or rubbing the seeds between sheets of sandpaper.
Pulpy Coat Inhibits Germination: Seeds with a pulpy or fleshy outer coat need to have this material removed by soaking and rinsing in clean water daily for about a week. The inhibitory substances in the pulp are thus washed away, and germination rates improve.
Sow seeds immediately as their viability decreases rapidly, or they best germinate when fresh. If stored, seeds might need temperature cycling and patience to germinate.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:
- Doubtful data
- Extinct
- Introduced
- Native
  • Northern America
    • Eastern Canada
      • Nova Scotia
    • Northeastern U.S.A.
      • Connecticut
      • Maine
      • Massachusetts
      • New Hampshire
      • New Jersey
      • New York
      • Pennsylvania
      • Rhode Island
    • South-central U.S.A.
      • Texas
    • Southeastern U.S.A.
      • Alabama
      • Arkansas
      • Delaware
      • Florida
      • Georgia
      • Louisiana
      • Maryland
      • Mississippi
      • North Carolina
      • South Carolina
      • Virginia

Links to other databases Top

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Database ID/link to page
World Flora Online wfo-0001078435
Florida Plant Atlas 3793
Flora of Alabama 426
Cornell Woody Plants 118
Canadensys 2667
USDA Plants ILGL
UConn 218
Tropicos 2000077
KEW urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:83326-1
The Plant List tro-2000077
Missouri Botanical Garden 276153
PFAF Ilex glabra
PaleoBotany 43032
Open Tree Of Life 458761
NCBI Taxonomy 109210
Nature Serve 2.152991
IUCN Red List 123000685
IPNI 83326-1
iNaturalist 129347
GBIF 5414266
Freebase /m/02qdpyn
FEIS plants/shrub/ilegla
EPPO ILEGL
EOL 582639
USDA GRIN 102443
Wikipedia Ilex_glabra

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.
Title Authors Publication Released IDs
Pest categorisation of Diaprepes abbreviatus Bragard C, Baptista P, Chatzivassiliou E, Di Serio F, Gonthier P, Jaques Miret JA, Justesen AF, Magnusson CS, Milonas P, Navas‐Cortes JA, Parnell S, Potting R, Reignault PL, Stefani E, Thulke H, Van der Werf W, Vicent Civera A, Yuen J, Zappalà L, Grégoire J, Malumphy C, Kertesz V, Maiorano A, MacLeod A EFSA J 15-Nov-2023
PMCID:PMC10648563
doi:10.2903/j.efsa.2023.8318
PMID:38027434
Twenty-Seven Year Response of South Carolina Coastal Plain Forests Affected by Hurricane Hugo Heaton R, Song B, Williams T, Conner W, Baucom Z, Williams B Plants (Basel) 04-Feb-2023
PMCID:PMC9967406
doi:10.3390/plants12040691
PMID:36840040
Organic matter composition and thermal stability influence greenhouse gases production in subtropical peatland under different vegetation types Akinbi GO, Ngatia LW, Grace JM III, Fu R, Tan C, Olaborode SO, Abichou T, Taylor RW Heliyon 10-Nov-2022
PMCID:PMC9667256
doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11547
PMID:36406684
Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Isolated From Rock Phosphate Mine and Agricultural Soil on the Improvement of Wheat Plant Growth Hazzoumi Z, Azaroual SE, El Mernissi N, Zaroual Y, Duponnois R, Bouizgarne B, Meftah Kadmiri I Front Microbiol 25-May-2022
PMCID:PMC9174796
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.881442
PMID:35694314
Carbon emissions from a temperate coastal peatland wildfire: contributions from natural plant communities and organic soils Mickler RA Carbon Balance Manag 01-Sep-2021
PMCID:PMC8408986
doi:10.1186/s13021-021-00189-0
PMID:34468897
A simplified and affordable approach to forest monitoring using single terrestrial laser scans and transect sampling Pokswinski S, Gallagher MR, Skowronski NS, Loudermilk EL, Hawley C, Wallace D, Everland A, Wallace J, Hiers JK MethodsX 09-Aug-2021
PMCID:PMC8374719
doi:10.1016/j.mex.2021.101484
PMID:34434882
Evaluation of Wild Flora Surrounding Blueberry Fields as Viable Hosts of Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura, 1931) (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Georgia Grant JA, Sial AA Insects 22-Jul-2021
PMCID:PMC8396452
doi:10.3390/insects12080667
PMID:34442233
Promising Preserving Agents from Sage and Basil: A Case Study with Yogurts Ueda JM, Pedrosa MC, Fernandes FA, Rodrigues P, Melgar B, Dias MI, Pinela J, Calhelha RC, Ivanov M, Soković M, Heleno SA, Carocho M, Ineu RP, Ferreira IC, Barros L Foods 22-Mar-2021
PMCID:PMC8004741
doi:10.3390/foods10030676
PMID:33810113
Growth, proportion, and distribution pattern of longleaf pine across southeastern forests and disturbance types: A change assessment for the period 1997-2018 Ojha SK, Dimov LD, Tadesse W PLoS One 19-Jan-2021
PMCID:PMC7815114
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245218
PMID:33465105
Preservation of Chocolate Muffins with Lemon Balm, Oregano, and Rosemary Extracts Pedrosa MC, Ueda JM, Melgar B, Dias MI, Pinela J, Calhelha RC, Ivanov M, Soković M, Heleno S, da Silva AB, Carocho M, Ferreira IC, Barros L Foods 15-Jan-2021
PMCID:PMC7830663
doi:10.3390/foods10010165
PMID:33467492
Floristic Changes in the Understory Vegetation of Mixed Temperate New England Freshwater Island Forests over a Period of 33 Years Holland MM, Winkler M Plants (Basel) 18-Nov-2020
PMCID:PMC7698944
doi:10.3390/plants9111600
PMID:33218069
Ecological Aspects of the Vector-Borne Bacterial Disease, Citrus Greening (Huanglongbing): Dispersal and Host Use by Asian Citrus Psyllid, Diaphorina Citri Kuwayama Stelinski LL Insects 16-Jul-2019
PMCID:PMC6681385
doi:10.3390/insects10070208
PMID:31315295
Carbon Dioxide Emissions and Methane Flux from Forested Wetland Soils of the Great Dismal Swamp, USA Gutenberg L, Krauss KW, Qu JJ, Ahn C, Hogan D, Zhu Z, Xu C Environ Manage 25-Jun-2019
PMCID:PMC6687677
doi:10.1007/s00267-019-01177-4
PMID:31240325
Differential Usefulness of Nine Commonly Used Genetic Markers for Identifying Phytophthora Species Yang X, Hong C Front Microbiol 03-Oct-2018
PMCID:PMC6178919
doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02334
PMID:30337915
An expanded phylogeny for the genus Phytophthora Yang X, Tyler BM, Hong C IMA Fungus 21-Nov-2017
PMCID:PMC5729717
doi:10.5598/imafungus.2017.08.02.09
PMID:29242780

Phytochemical Profile Top

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