Najas marina in Genus Najas

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID644026885611e877269793
Scientific name	Najas marina
Authority	L.
First published in	Sp. Pl. : 1015 (1753)

Ethnobotanical Use Top

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General Uses Top

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Scientific and model‑organism use:
Najas marina is widely employed as a model submerged aquatic plant in genetics, molecular biology, and ecophysiology. A reference genome has been sequenced and deposited in public databases (e.g., NCBI GenBank), enabling comparative genomic studies of aquatic adaptations. Researchers use the species to investigate nutrient uptake, photosynthesis, and stress responses under controlled aquaria conditions. Its small stature, rapid vegetative propagation, and amenability to in‑vitro culture make it suitable for high‑throughput phenotyping and experimental manipulation of environmental factors.

Properties relevant to use:
The plant’s soft, delicate stems and high water content allow easy handling for microscopy and physiological assays. Its rapid growth cycle and ability to propagate vegetatively without seed production support consistent laboratory supply. Compared with many terrestrial plants, Najas marina possesses a relatively low lignin content, facilitating tissue processing for molecular work. These traits collectively enable reproducible experimental setups and efficient extraction of nucleic acids and proteins.

Standards and regulation:
Scientific use of Najas marina follows the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICN) for taxonomic identification. Exchange of live material for research is governed by the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA), which provides a framework for the fair and equitable sharing of genetic resources for non‑commercial research. No specific product standards (e.g., ISO/ASTM) apply, as the species is not cultivated for commercial production.

Sustainability and sourcing:
Najas marina is a cosmopolitan submerged plant occurring in freshwater and brackish habitats across temperate and subtropical regions. It is not harvested for any commercial product; specimens for research are obtained either from natural populations (which are typically abundant) or from maintained culture collections. This harvest‑free practice imposes negligible pressure on wild stands, and the species is considered non‑threatened in most regions.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Najas major var. ehrenbergii	A.Braun	J. Bot. 2: 275 1864
Najas marina var. angustifolia	A.Braun	The Journal of Botany 2 1864
Najas major var. angustifolia	A.Braun	J. Bot. 2: 275. 1864
Najas latior	F.Muell. ex K.Schum.	Fl. Bras. 3(3): 804. 1894 (1894)
Najas marina var. multidentata	(A.Braun) K.Schum.	Fl. Bras. 3(3): 725 1894
Najas major var. multidentata	A.Braun	J. Bot. 2: 275. 1864
Najas major var. paucidentata	A.Braun	J. Bot. 2: 276. 1864
Najas marina var. ehrenbergii	(A.Braun) K.Schum.	Fl. Bras. 3(3): 725 1894
Najas marina var. bollei	K.Schum.	Fl. Bras. 3(3): 725. 1894
Najas marina var. latior	K.Schum.	Fl. Bras. 3(3): 725 1894
Najas marina var. latifolia	A.Braun	Fl. Bras. (Martius) 3(3): 725. 1894 [15 Apr 1894]
Najas marina var. paucidentata	K.Schum.	Fl. Bras. 3(3): 725. 1894
Najas marina subsp. major	(All.) Viinikka	Ann. Bot. Fenn. 13: 129. 1976 (1976)
Najas major var. laevis	DC.	Fl. Franç. éd. 3, 2: 587. 1805
Najas marina var. brevifolia	Rendle	Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 5: 396. 1899
Najas marina var. denticulata	Rendle	Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 5: 438. 1900
Najas major subsp. multidentata	(A.Braun) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 18. 1890 (1890)
Najas major subsp. paucidentata	(A.Braun) K.Richt.	Pl. Eur. 1: 18. 1890 (1890)
Najas gracilis	Morong	Mem. Torrey Bot. Club iii. II. (1893) 61, [an Najas gracillima, A. Br.?].
Najas marina var. genuina	K.Schum.	Fl. Bras. 3(3): 724 (1894)

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	holly-leaved naiad
English	spiny naiad
Arabic	نجا بحرية
Belarusian	Наяда марская
Bulgarian	морска русалка
Catalan	llapó argilenc
Catalan	grande naïade
Czech	řečanka pomořská
Czech	řečanka přímořská
Welsh	naiad arfor
Danish	stor najade
German	meernixenkraut
German	meer-nixenkraut
German	grande naïade
German	großes nixkraut
German	großes nixenkraut
German	grosses nixenkraut
Estonian	meri-näkirohi
Persian	تیزک
Finnish	merinäkinruoho
French	grande naïade
Upper Sorbian	wulka rěčnička
Japanese	イバラモ
Korean	민나자스말
Lithuanian	grande naïade
Lithuanian	didysis plukenis
Norwegian Bokmål	stivt havfrugras
Dutch	groot nimfkruid
Norwegian Nynorsk	stivt havfrugras
Polish	jezierza morska
Russian	Наяда морская
Russian	Наяда большая
Swedish	havsnajas
Swedish	grande naïade
Ukrainian	Різуха морська
Ukrainian	Наяда морська
Chinese	大茨藻

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Najas marina subsp. arsenariensis	(Maire) Triest	Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer, Cl. Sci. Nat. Méd., Collect. 8vo , n.s., 21: 32 (1987)
Najas marina subsp. commersonii	Triest	Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer, Cl. Sci. Nat. Méd., Collect. 8vo , n.s., 21: 27 (1987)
Najas marina subsp. marina		Unknown
Najas marina subsp. sumatrana	(W.J.de Wilde) Triest	Mém. Acad. Roy. Sci. Outre-Mer, Cl. Sci. Nat. Méd., Collect. 8vo , n.s., 22: 70 (1988)
Najas marina subsp. intermedia	(Wolfg. ex Gorski) Casper	Feddes Repert. 90: 236 (1979)

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Name	Authority	First published in
Najas marina var. brachycarpa	Trautv.	Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 40(II): 97 (1867)
Najas marina var. zollingeri	Rendle	Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 5: 438 (1900)

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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Germination/Propagation Top

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Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Tanzania
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Canary Islands
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Eritrea
  - Socotra
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Egypt
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia
- South Tropical Africa
  - Malawi
  - Mozambique
  - Zambia
  - Zimbabwe
- Southern Africa
  - Botswana
  - Cape Provinces
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Namibia
- West Tropical Africa
  - Senegal
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Burundi
  - Rwanda
  - Zaïre
- Western Indian Ocean
  - Madagascar
  - Mauritius
  - Réunion

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Arabian Peninsula
  - Gulf States
  - Oman
  - Saudi Arabia
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- China
  - China North-central
  - China South-central
  - China Southeast
  - Inner Mongolia
  - Manchuria
  - Xinjiang
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan
  - Korea
  - Taiwan
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
  - Kirgizstan
  - Tadzhikistan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan
- Mongolia
  - Mongolia
- Russian Far East
  - Amur
  - Khabarovsk
  - Primorye
- Siberia
  - Altay
  - Buryatiya
  - Chita
  - Krasnoyarsk
  - West Siberia
- Western Asia
  - Cyprus
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai
  - Turkey

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Assam
  - Bangladesh
  - India
  - Pakistan
  - Sri Lanka
  - West Himalaya
- Malesia
  - Lesser Sunda Islands
  - Sumatera

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - Victoria
  - Western Australia

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Northwest European Russia
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Finland
  - Great Britain
  - Norway
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Gulf
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southeast
  - Mexico Southwest
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Minnesota
  - North Dakota
  - South Dakota
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Indiana
  - Michigan
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
  - Texas
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Florida
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona
  - California
  - Nevada
  - Utah

Southern America click to expand
- Brazil
  - Brazil North
  - Brazil Northeast
  - Brazil Southeast
- Caribbean
  - Aruba
  - Bahamas
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - Haiti
  - Jamaica
  - Leeward Islands
  - Puerto Rico
  - Turks-caicos Islands
  - Windward Islands
- Central America
  - Central American Pacific
  - El Salvador
  - Panamá
- Northern South America
  - Venezuela
- Southern South America
  - Argentina Northeast
  - Argentina Northwest
- Western South America
  - Bolivia
  - Galápagos

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000769531
Florida Plant Atlas	2087
Canadensys	6127
USDA Plants	NAMA
Tropicos	22200006
INPN	109213
Flora of Italy	11867
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321282-2
The Plant List	kew-308286
PFAF	Najas marina
Open Tree Of Life	242975
NCBI Taxonomy	55316
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000002153
Nature Serve	2.153202
IUCN Red List	164322
IPNI	321282-2
iNaturalist	78164
GBIF	5329324
Freebase	/m/09gfmqk
WisFlora	4322
EPPO	NAIMA
EOL	1088964
Elurikkus	5846
Calflora (Californian flora)	5744
USDA GRIN	400101
Wikipedia	Najas_marina

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Loss of submerged macrophytes in shallow lakes alters bacterial and archaeal community structures, and reduces their co-occurrence networks connectivity and complexity

Liu J, Huang X, Jiang X, Qing C, Li Y, Xia P

Front Microbiol

26-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11004660
doi:	10.3389/fmicb.2024.1380805
PMID:	38601927

Anomalous Gold Concentrations in Hypersaline Wetland Sediments (Laguna Honda, South Spain) Caused by Nanoparticles Used in Agricultural Practices: Environmental Transformation

Medina-Ruiz A, Jiménez-Millán J, Abad I, Jiménez-Espinosa R

Toxics

18-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10975524
doi:	10.3390/toxics12030223
PMID:	38535956

Ecological and phylogenetic aspects of the spring diet of three palaearctic species of swans

Kouzov SA, Kravchuk AV, Koptseva EM, Gubelit YI, Zaynagutdinova EM, Abakumov EV

BMC Ecol Evol

02-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10835875
doi:	10.1186/s12862-024-02204-7
PMID:	38302909

Analysis of diversity and function of epiphytic bacterial communities associated with macrophytes using a metagenomic approach

Wang X, Liu Y, Qing C, Zeng J, Dong J, Xia P

Microb Ecol

29-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10824801
doi:	10.1007/s00248-024-02346-7
PMID:	38286834

Bioprospecting for Isoetes cangae Endophytes with Potential to Promote Plant Growth

Santos DS, Pontes PV, Leite AM, Ferreira AL, de Souza M, Araujo TD, dos Santos HF, de Oliveira GC, Bitencourt JA, Cavalcanti AB, Martins RL, Esteves FD

Int J Microbiol

21-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10462435
doi:	10.1155/2023/5992113
PMID:	37644978

Fish community responses to restoration of a eutrophic coastal bay

Bergström L, Fredriksson R, Bergström U, Rydin E, Kumblad L

Ambio

05-Aug-2023

PMCID:	PMC10692049
doi:	10.1007/s13280-023-01907-3
PMID:	37542612

Characterization of endophytic bacteriome diversity and associated beneficial bacteria inhabiting a macrophyte Eichhornia crassipes

Fan D, Schwinghamer T, Liu S, Xia O, Ge C, Chen Q, Smith DL

Front Plant Sci

19-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10316030
doi:	10.3389/fpls.2023.1176648
PMID:	37404529

Investigation of water quality and aquatic ecological succession of a newly constructed river replenished by reclaimed water in Beijing

Li Z, Sun Z, Zhang L, Zhan N, Lou C, Lian J

Heliyon

07-Jun-2023

PMCID:	PMC10361104
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17045
PMID:	37484330

The dynamic history of plastome structure across aquatic subclass Alismatidae

Li ZZ, Lehtonen S, Chen JM

BMC Plant Biol

04-Mar-2023

PMCID:	PMC9985265
doi:	10.1186/s12870-023-04125-x
PMID:	36869282

Two constructed wetlands within a Mediterranean natural park immersed in an agrolandscape reduce most heavy metal water concentrations and dampen the majority of pesticide presence

Rodrigo MA, Puche E, Carabal N, Armenta S, Esteve-Turrillas FA, Jiménez J, Juan F

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

17-Jun-2022

PMCID:	PMC9587099
doi:	10.1007/s11356-022-21365-w
PMID:	35710973

Plant Macrofossils Reveal Aquatic Macrophyte Successions of a Typical Shallow Lake (Huanggai Lake, China) in the Past Century

Cheng Q, Li L, Dong X, Li Y, Kattel G

Plants (Basel)

26-May-2022

PMCID:	PMC9183087
doi:	10.3390/plants11111413
PMID:	35684187

Predator biomass and vegetation influence the coastal distribution of threespine stickleback morphotypes

Yanos CL, Haanstra EP, Colgan Carey F, Passmore SA, Eklöf JS, Bergström U, Hansen JP, Fontaine MC, Maan ME, Eriksson BK

Ecol Evol

12-Aug-2021

PMCID:	PMC8462182
doi:	10.1002/ece3.7993
PMID:	34594514

Wetland Restoration with Hydrophytes: A Review

Rodrigo MA

Plants (Basel)

21-May-2021

PMCID:	PMC8223994
doi:	10.3390/plants10061035
PMID:	34063930

Dynamics of primary productivity in relation to submerged vegetation of a shallow, eutrophic lagoon: A field and mesocosm study

Berthold M, Paar M

PLoS One

06-May-2021

PMCID:	PMC8101763
doi:	10.1371/journal.pone.0247696
PMID:	33956797

A Review and Secondary Analysis of Competition-Related Impacts of Nonindigenous Aquatic Plants in the Laurentian Great Lakes

Sturtevant R, Lower E, Bartos A, Elgin A

Plants (Basel)

20-Feb-2021

PMCID:	PMC7924059
doi:	10.3390/plants10020406
PMID:	33672586

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Najas marina

Table of Contents

Details Top

Ethnobotanical Use Top

General Uses Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Gallery Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top