Lemna minor in Genus Lemna

Details Top

Internal ID	UUID643fe09a0f8f4936455510
Scientific name	Lemna minor
Authority	L.
First published in	Sp. Pl. : 970 (1753)

Description Top

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It has been shown to be effective in removing heavy metals and organic micropollutants from wastewater, making it a useful tool for bioremediation. Additionally, L. minor has been used as a livestock feed supplement, with high protein content and low fiber content. It has also been utilized for nutrient recovery from livestock wastewater and has potential as a biofuel source. L. minor has been genetically engineered to produce more oil per acre than soybeans. It is also commonly used in ecotoxicity experiments to assess the toxicity of various substances.

Synonyms Top

Scientific name	Authority	First published in
Hydrophace minor	(L.) Bubani	Fl. Pyren. 4: 23 (1901)
Lemna conjugata	Willd. ex Schleid.	Linnaea 13: 391 (1839)
Lemna cyclostasa	Elliott ex Chev.	Fl. Gén. Env. Paris 2: 256 1827
Lemna monorhiza	Montandon	Guide Bot. Sundgau 308. 1868 (1868)
Lemna obcordata	Bojer	Hortus Maurit. : 358 (1837)
Lemna ovata	A.Br. ex C.Krauss	Flora 28: 344 (1845)
Lemna palustris	Haenke ex Mert. & W.D.J.Koch	Deutschl. Fl. , ed. 3, 1: 295 (1823)
Lemna rwandensis	De Sloover	Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 43: 366 (1973)
Lemna vulgaris	(Lam.) Lam.	Encycl. 3: 464 (1792)
Lenticula minima	(Chev.) Kurz	J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 9: 266 (1866)
Lenticula minor	(L.) Scop.	Fl. Carniol. , ed. 2, 2: 213 (1772)
Lenticula palustris	Garsault	Fig. Pl. Méd. : t. 336 (1764)
Lenticula vulgaris	Lam.	Fl. Franç. 2: 189 (1779)
Lenticularia monorhiza	Friche-Joset & Montandon	Syn. Fl. Jura 308. 1856
Lemna minor var. oxymitra	Hegelm.	Lemnac. 143. 1868
Lemna minor var. minima	Chev.	Fl. Gén. Env. Paris 2: 256 1827
Lemna minor var. orbiculata	Austin ex A.Gray	Manual (Gray), ed. 5. 479. 1867

Common names Top

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Filter by language:

Language	Common/alternative name
English	common duckweed
Spanish	lemna minima
Spanish	lemna monorhiza
Spanish	lemna obcordata
Spanish	lemna ovata
Spanish	lemna rwandensis
Spanish	lenticula cyclostasa
Spanish	lenticula minima
Spanish	lenticula minor
Spanish	lenticula palustris
Spanish	lenticula vulgaris
Spanish	lenticularia monorhiza
Spanish	lemna cyclostasa
Spanish	lemna conjugata
Spanish	lemna vulgaris
Spanish	lemna palustris
Arabic	لمنة صغرى
Arabic	غزل الماء
Arabic	عرمض
Arabic	عدس الماء
Arabic	طحلب (عدس الماء)
Arabic	خزوز
Arabic	علقى
Arabic	طحلب
Belarusian	Раска малая
Bulgarian	дребна водна леща
Catalan	llentia d'aigua
Catalan	llentilla d'aigua
Czech	žabinec
Czech	okřehek menší
Welsh	llinad y dŵr
Danish	liden andemad
German	kleine wasserlinse
Esperanto	pli malgranda lemno
Estonian	väike lemmel
Persian	عدسک آبی کوچک
Finnish	pikkulimaska
French	petite lentille deau
French	petite lentille d'eau
frr	podkluader
Galician	lentella de auga
Hebrew	עדשת מים זעירה
Upper Sorbian	mała kačizna
Hungarian	apró békalencse
Armenian	Ջրոսպ փոքր
Italian	lenticchie d'acqua
Italian	lenticchia d'acqua
Japanese	コウキクサ
Lithuanian	mažoji plūdena
lzh	萍
Macedonian	Ситна водна леќа
nan	chúi-phiô
Norwegian Bokmål	andemat
Dutch	klein kroos
Norwegian Nynorsk	andemat
Polish	rzęsa wodna
Polish	rzęsa mniejsza
Polish	rzęsa drobna
Romanian	lentiță mică
Russian	ряска малая
Swedish	vanlig andmat
Turkish	su mercimeği
Ukrainian	ряска мала
Chinese	上石田螺
Chinese	浮蘋
Chinese	l.minor
Chinese	青萍
Chinese	田萍
Chinese	浮萍草
Chinese	水萍草
Chinese	水浮萍
Chinese	浮萍

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

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Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

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Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

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No subvariety added yet.

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

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No forms added yet.

Germination/Propagation Top

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No germination or propagation data was added yet.

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Legend for the distribution data:

- Doubtful data

- Extinct

- Introduced

- Native

Africa click to expand
- East Tropical Africa
  - Kenya
  - Uganda
- Macaronesia
  - Azores
  - Canary Islands
  - Cape Verde
  - Madeira
- Middle Atlantic Ocean
  - Ascension
  - Saint Helena
- Northeast Tropical Africa
  - Chad
  - Ethiopia
  - Sudan
- Northern Africa
  - Algeria
  - Egypt
  - Libya
  - Morocco
  - Tunisia
- South Tropical Africa
  - Mozambique
- Southern Africa
  - Botswana
  - Cape Provinces
  - Kwazulu-Natal
  - Lesotho
  - Northern Provinces
- West-central Tropical Africa
  - Zaïre

Asia-temperate click to expand
- Caucasus
  - North Caucasus
  - Transcaucasus
- China
  - Xinjiang
- Eastern Asia
  - Japan
- Middle Asia
  - Kazakhstan
  - Kirgizstan
  - Tadzhikistan
  - Turkmenistan
  - Uzbekistan
- Russian Far East
  - Amur
  - Kamchatka
  - Khabarovsk
  - Magadan
  - Primorye
  - Sakhalin
- Siberia
  - Altay
  - Buryatiya
  - Chita
  - Irkutsk
  - Krasnoyarsk
  - Tuva
  - West Siberia
  - Yakutskiya
- Western Asia
  - Afghanistan
  - Cyprus
  - East Aegean Islands
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Lebanon-Syria
  - Palestine
  - Sinai
  - Turkey

Asia-tropical click to expand
- Indian Subcontinent
  - Bangladesh
  - India
  - Nepal
  - Pakistan
  - West Himalaya
- Indo-China
  - Cambodia
- Malesia
  - Philippines

Australasia click to expand
- Australia
  - New South Wales
  - Northern Territory
  - Queensland
  - South Australia
  - Victoria
  - Western Australia
- New Zealand
  - New Zealand South

Europe click to expand
- Eastern Europe
  - Baltic States
  - Belarus
  - Central European Russia
  - East European Russia
  - Krym
  - North European Russia
  - Northwest European Russia
  - South European Russia
  - Ukraine
- Middle Europe
  - Austria
  - Belgium
  - Czechoslovakia
  - Germany
  - Hungary
  - Netherlands
  - Poland
  - Switzerland
- Northern Europe
  - Denmark
  - Finland
  - Føroyar
  - Great Britain
  - Iceland
  - Ireland
  - Norway
  - Svalbard
  - Sweden
- Southeastern Europe
  - Albania
  - Bulgaria
  - Greece
  - Italy
  - Kriti
  - Romania
  - Sicilia
  - Turkey-in-Europe
  - Yugoslavia
- Southwestern Europe
  - Baleares
  - Corse
  - France
  - Portugal
  - Sardegna
  - Spain

Northern America click to expand
- Eastern Canada
  - Labrador
  - New Brunswick
  - Newfoundland
  - Nova Scotia
  - Ontario
  - Prince Edward Island
  - Québec
- Mexico
  - Mexico Central
  - Mexico Northeast
  - Mexico Northwest
  - Mexico Southwest
- North-central U.S.A.
  - Illinois
  - Iowa
  - Kansas
  - Minnesota
  - Missouri
  - Nebraska
  - North Dakota
  - Oklahoma
  - South Dakota
  - Wisconsin
- Northeastern U.S.A.
  - Connecticut
  - Indiana
  - Maine
  - Massachusetts
  - Michigan
  - New Hampshire
  - New Jersey
  - New York
  - Ohio
  - Pennsylvania
  - Rhode Island
  - Vermont
  - West Virginia
- Northwestern U.S.A.
  - Colorado
  - Idaho
  - Montana
  - Oregon
  - Washington
  - Wyoming
- South-central U.S.A.
  - New Mexico
  - Texas
- Southeastern U.S.A.
  - Alabama
  - Arkansas
  - Delaware
  - District Of Columbia
  - Florida
  - Georgia
  - Kentucky
  - Louisiana
  - Maryland
  - Mississippi
  - North Carolina
  - South Carolina
  - Tennessee
  - Virginia
- Southwestern U.S.A.
  - Arizona
  - California
  - Nevada
  - Utah
- Subarctic America
  - Alaska
- Western Canada
  - British Columbia
  - Manitoba
  - Saskatchewan

Southern America click to expand
- Caribbean
  - Bermuda
- Central America
  - El Salvador
  - Honduras
  - Nicaragua
- Western South America
  - Galápagos

Links to other databases Top

Suggest others/fix!

Database	ID/link to page
World Flora Online	wfo-0000224440
UNII	621HHM46SV
Florida Plant Atlas	3606
Canadensys	6489
USDA Plants	LEMI3
Tropicos	18100039
INPN	105431
Flora of Italy	7867
KEW	urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:526194-1
The Plant List	kew-109308
Missouri Botanical Garden	281696
Open Tree Of Life	431388
Observations.org	6961
NCBI Taxonomy	4472
NBN Atlas	NBNSYS0000002358
Nature Serve	2.128499
IUCN Red List	164057
IPNI	526194-1
iNaturalist	54518
GBIF	2867589
Freebase	/m/02z8rm9
WisFlora	4036
EPPO	LEMMI
EOL	1142162
Elurikkus	5426
Calflora (Californian flora)	4657
USDA GRIN	400078
Wikipedia	Lemna_minor

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

No reference genome is available on NCBI yet. We are constantly monitoring for new data.

Scientific Literature Top

Below are displayed the latest 15 articles published in PMC (PubMed Central®) and other sources (DOI number only)!
If you wish to see all the related articles click here.

Title

Authors

Publication

Released

IDs

Genetic Mechanism of Non-Targeted-Site Resistance to Diquat in Spirodela polyrhiza

Höfer M, Schäfer M, Wang Y, Wink S, Xu S

Plants (Basel)

14-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10975167
doi:	10.3390/plants13060845
PMID:	38592881

The effects of green and chemically-synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles on the production and gene expression of morphinan alkaloids in Oriental poppy

khaldari I, Naghavi MR, Motamedi E, Zargar M

Sci Rep

12-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10933268
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-56709-8
PMID:	38472367

Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Wolffia arrhiza and comparative genomic analysis with relative Wolffia species

Park H, Park JH, Kang YJ

Sci Rep

11-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10928178
doi:	10.1038/s41598-024-56394-7
PMID:	38467810

Attenuation of photosynthesis in nanosilver-treated Arabidopsis thaliana is inherently linked to the particulate nature of silver

Mays V, Smith N, Pham C, White M, Wu Q, Berry J, Linan A, Alexander Wait D, Kovacs L

Heliyon

07-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10950886
doi:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27583
PMID:	38509917

Higher Plant-Derived Biostimulants: Mechanisms of Action and Their Role in Mitigating Plant Abiotic Stress

Martínez-Lorente SE, Martí-Guillén JM, Pedreño MÁ, Almagro L, Sabater-Jara AB

Antioxidants (Basel)

06-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC10967762
doi:	10.3390/antiox13030318
PMID:	38539851

Complete genome sequences of six duckweed-associated bacterial strains for studying community assembly in synthetic plant microbiome

Ishizawa H, Tada M, Tashiro Y, Kuroda M, Inoue D, Dohra H, Futamata H, Ike M

Microbiol Resour Announc

01-Mar-2024

PMCID:	PMC11008219
doi:	10.1128/mra.01280-23
PMID:	38426728

Simultaneous Purification of Human Interferon Alpha-2b and Serum Albumin Using Bioprivileged Fluorinated Ionic Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems

Carvalho SF, Pereiro AB, Araújo JM

Int J Mol Sci

27-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10931833
doi:	10.3390/ijms25052751
PMID:	38473998

A Novel Plant-Based Nutraceutical Combined with Exercise Can Revert Oxidative Status in Plasma and Liver in a Diet-Induced-Obesity Animal Model

Guzmán-Carrasco A, Kapravelou G, López-Jurado M, Bermúdez F, Andrés-León E, Terrón-Camero LC, Prados J, Melguizo C, Porres JM, Martínez R

Antioxidants (Basel)

23-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10967303
doi:	10.3390/antiox13030274
PMID:	38539808

Assessment of ecotoxicological effects of Fojo coal mine waste elutriate in aquatic species (Douro Coalfield, North Portugal)

Narayan A, Diogo BS, Mansilha C, Espinha Marques J, Flores D, Antunes SC

Front Toxicol

23-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10920227
doi:	10.3389/ftox.2024.1334169
PMID:	38465195

Efficacy of new generation biosorbents for the sustainable treatment of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes from polluted waste effluent

Madhogaria B, Banerjee S, Kundu A, Dhak P

Infect Med (Beijing)

19-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10998275
doi:	10.1016/j.imj.2024.100092
PMID:	38586544

Adesmia pinifolia, a Native High-Andean Species, as a Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cd and Hg

Parera V, Pérez-Chaca MV, Gallardo LV, Gatica-Aguilar CV, Parera CA, Feresin GE

Plants (Basel)

06-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10891624
doi:	10.3390/plants13040464
PMID:	38498429

Wastewater Treatment Using Membrane Bioreactor Technologies: Removal of Phenolic Contaminants from Oil and Coal Refineries and Pharmaceutical Industries

Khan MJ, Wibowo A, Karim Z, Posoknistakul P, Matsagar BM, Wu KC, Sakdaronnarong C

Polymers (Basel)

05-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10857039
doi:	10.3390/polym16030443
PMID:	38337332

In vitro and in vivo remediation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances by processed and amended clays and activated carbon in soil

Wang M, Rivenbark KJ, Nikkhah H, Beykal B, Phillips TD

Appl Soil Ecol

01-Feb-2024

PMCID:	PMC10919550
doi:	10.1016/j.apsoil.2024.105285
PMID:	38463139

Exogenous γ-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) Enhanced Response to Abiotic Stress in Hypsizygus marmoreus by Improving Mycelial Growth and Antioxidant Capacity

Cao Z, Chen H, Zhou C, Gong M, Li Y, Shao Y, Wu Y, Bao D

Metabolites

27-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10890280
doi:	10.3390/metabo14020094
PMID:	38392986

Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Water Lentil (Duckweed): An Emerging Source of Proteins for the Production of Antihypertensive Fractions

Bernier MÈ, Thibodeau J, Bazinet L

Foods

19-Jan-2024

PMCID:	PMC10814938
doi:	10.3390/foods13020323
PMID:	38275690

Phytochemical Profile Top

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Below are displayed the proven (via scientific papers) natural compounds!
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Name	PubChem ID	Canonical SMILES	MW	Found in	Proof
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Diterpenoids / Acyclic diterpenoids
(3R,4R,7S,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-1-ene-3,4-diol	162957305	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCC(C(C)(C=C)O)O	312.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
(3R,4R,7S,11S)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-1-ene-3,4-diol	162957304	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCC(C(C)(C=C)O)O	312.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
(7S,11S)-3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecene-1-ol	40467768	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C	296.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
(E)-(7R,11R)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-ene-1-ol	145386	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C	296.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
1,2-Hexadecadiene, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-	94234	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=C=C)C	278.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-OL	5366244	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C	296.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadec-1-ene-3,4-diol	162957302	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCC(C(C)(C=C)O)O	312.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
Phytol	5280435	Click to see CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(=CCO)C	296.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Sesquiterpenoids
(3E,6S,10S,14S)-2,6,10,14-tetramethylhexadeca-1,3-diene	162845689	Click to see CCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CC=CC(=C)C	278.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
2,6,10,14-Tetramethylhexadeca-1,3-diene	53423857	Click to see CCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CC=CC(=C)C	278.50	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Prenol lipids / Tetraterpenoids / Carotenoids / Carotenes
2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-Octamethyldotriaconta-2,6,10,14,18,22,26,30-octaene	101719	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C)C)C)C	547.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
Lycopersene	5365816	Click to see CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)CCC=C(C)C)C)C)C)C	547.00	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
> Lipids and lipid-like molecules / Steroids and steroid derivatives / Stigmastanes and derivatives
17-(5-ethyl-6-methylheptan-2-yl)-10,13-dimethyl-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-ol	86821	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
24-Ethylcholest-5-en-3beta-ol	22012	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8
Beta-Sitosterol	222284	Click to see CCC(CCC(C)C1CCC2C1(CCC3C2CC=C4C3(CCC(C4)O)C)C)C(C)C	414.70	unknown	https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-9422(84)83111-8

Biological Material Top

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Lemna minor

Table of Contents

Details Top

Description Top

Synonyms Top

Common names Top

Subspecies (abbr. subsp./ssp.) Top

Varieties (abbr. var.) Top

Subvarieties (abbr. subvar.) Top

Forms (abbr. f.) Top

Germination/Propagation Top

Distribution (via POWO/KEW) Top

Links to other databases Top

Genomes (via NCBI) Top

Scientific Literature Top

Phytochemical Profile Top

Biological Material Top

Contributors Top

Collections Top